Force

Force

Force is defined as the responsible of the change in motion in an object or the deformation of objects.

F F

F
F F

Different types of forces

Gravitational forces Electromagnetic forces Nuclear forces

Strong Weak

Strong Force (interaction)

At atomic scale, it is about 100 times stronger than electromagnetism, which in turn is orders of magnitude stronger than the weak force interaction and gravitation.

Weak force (interaction)

It is responsible for the radioactive decay of subatomic particles and initiates the process known as hydrogen fusion in stars.

Type of interaction forces

Contact forces
Springs, surfaces, etc.

Distance forces

Newtons Laws about motion

First Law
About the state of an object

Second Law
About the change of state of an object

Third Law
About the interaction between two objects

Newtons First Law

An object will remain at rest or at uniform straight motion unless an external force acts on the object.

Inertia

When an object is at rest or in motion and if a change of state is required, it will have some resistance. This property that all objects have to resist the change in motion is known as inertia.

i.e.

Mass is a quantitative measure of inertia.

Newtons Second Law

All resultant force exerted on an object, acceleration will be produced in the same direction which is exerted. The magnitude of such acceleration is directly proportional to he magnitude of the exerted force and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.

F = ma

2F

Newtons

F=ma F = 1 kg ( 1 m/s2)

N=kg(m/s2)
F= 1gr(1cm/s2) Dyne =gr(cm/s2)

Newtons Third Law

For all action force there is a reaction force with the same magnitude and opposite direction.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?featur e=endscreen&v=vfGUF8TdUM&NR=1

Mass and Weight

F = ma F = mg W = mg

The Weight of an object is defined as the gravitational attraction force exerted on the object by a greater mass.

W = mg = (1 kg ) ( 9.8 m/s2) = 9.8 N

The gravity on the moon is 1/6 times the earths.

gm = ? Wm=?

Normal Force

When an object is over a surface both apply a force to each other.

m
W

N is the planes normal force which is perpendicular to this surface.

F W

Lab report practice 1. Due date August 31th

Applications of the Newtons Second Law

An 800 kg automobile accelerates from rest to a velocity of 16 m/s in 3 seconds. What is the magnitude of the force that must be exerted to have this acceleration? t = 3 sec

Data: m = 800 kg; V0 = 0; Vf =16m/s

(Dont tell me you forgot how to do this.)

. .

An automobile travels with a velocity of 25 m/s in a straight road and then stops in a distance of 50 meters. If the automobile weights 9200 N, what is the magnitude of the force for the automobile to stop?

Data: V0=25 m/s; Vf=0;x=50 m;W=9200 N F=?

Vf2=V02+2ax

Calculate the distance traveled by an object at rest with a mass of 5 kg, when a constant force of 4 N is exerted in 10 sec.

Data: m=5kg; V0=0; F = 4N; t = 10 sec; x=?

x=v0t+at2/2