DESCRIPTION IS 456 2000 ACI 318 - 2002

CLAUSE Contents CLAUSE Contents

Loading
combination

36.4.1

a) 1.5 DL +1.5 LL
b) 1.5 DL l+1.5 WL
c) 1.2 DL+1.2 LL+1.2wl


9.2.1



U= 1.4(D+F)
U= 1.2(D+F+T)
+1.6(L+H+0.5(L
r
or S or R)
U= 1.2D+1.6(L
r
or S or R)+(L
or 0.8W)
U=1.2D+1.6W+L+0.5(L
r
or S or
R)
U= 1.2D+E+L+0.2S
U= 0.9D+1.6W+1.6H
U= 0.9D+E+1.6H

Elastic modulus for
concrete and steel
6.2.3.1

Ec=5000 \(fck) N/mm2
Es=200xE3 N/mm2

8.5.1 E
c
=57000\f
c
psi
E
s
=29x10
6
psi

Mu limit Mu limit = 0.138 Fck b d
2

Mulimit=
General basic comparison
|
|
.
|

\
|

'
2
59 . 0 1
c
y
y
f
f
bd f

DESCRIPTION IS 456 2000 ACI 318 - 2002

CLAUSE Contents CLAUSE Contents
Span to depth ratio
in slab
23.2.1 Cantilever - 7
Simply supported - 20
Continuous - 26
One-way slab- 20
Continuous slab-24
Min reinforcement
in slab
Plain bar-0.15%
High strength bar-0.12%
200/fy
Nominal cover Columns
Not less than 40mm
When dimension is
200mm or size of bar is
12mm then cover is
25mm
Footings
Not less than 50mm
Slabs
Not less than 15mm
Beams not less than
20mm
Refer P-47 Table 16A of
IS code to get the cover
details for fire
resistance
Footing
Resting on mat 2
Resting on earth 3
Top of piles 2
Beams and columns
For dry conditions
Stirrups, spirals, ties 1.5
Main reinforcement 2
Exposed to earth
Stirrups, spirals, ties 2
Main reinforcement 2.5
Slabs
No. 11bars 0.75
No. 14 18 bars 1.5
DESCRIPTION IS 456 2000 ACI 318 - 2002
CLAUSE Contents CLAUSE Contents
T beams

23.1.1 For T beams


For L beams

8.10.3


Width of slab effective as T
beam flange shall not exceed
one quarter of the span length
of the beam
Effective overhang of flange
on either of web shall not
exceed
- 8 * slab thickness
- clear dist. Between the
web
For slab on one side
- 1/12 of span of beam
- 6 * slab thickness
- clear dist. Between the
web

Minimum area of
tension
reinforcement

26.5.1.1.
a

Ast
(min)
= 0.85 b d / Fy

3.12.5.3

For flexural members
Ast
(min)
= 3\f
c
/f
y
* b
w
*d
And not less than
200*b
w
*d / f
y

For slabs and foundation
Ast
min
= 0.14%
Grade 40-50 steel 0.2%
Grade 60 steel 0.18%

f w
o
f
D b
l
b 6
6
+ + =
f w
o
f
D b
l
b 3
12
+ + =
DESCRIPTION IS 456 2000 ACI 318 - 2002
CLAUSE Contents CLAUSE Contents
Minimum horizontal
distance between
the bars

26.3.2

Greater of this following
1)larger diameter of
the bars
2)Size of the
aggregate + 5mm
Slabs
Main bars 3d or 300mm
Distribution bars 5d or
450mm not greater than
the above
Beams
Refer to the IS code P-46
Table-15 it depends on
the percentage
redistribution
3.12.11.1

Flexural member



And not greater than



Side face
reinforcement

26.5.1.3

When depth >750mm
Total area of
reinforcement = 0.1%
area of the web and
spacing not exceeding
300mm
10.6.7

When d >36
Total longitudinal
reinforcement not greater than
half of the tensile
reinforcement
Spacing Ssk not greater than
d/6, 12 na and 1000Ab / (d-
30)
c
s
C
f
s 5 . 2
540
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
s
f
36
12
DESCRIPTION IS 456 2000 ACI 318 - 2002
CLAUSE Contents CLAU
SE
Contents
Maximum spacing
of the tension bars
26.3.3 1) 0% re distribution of the moment
180mm
2) For other percentage of redistribution
refer table 15
Compression steel /
Tension steel
1) M > M
u li mit
compression steel is
required
A
sc
= M - M
u li mit
/ (352 0.446 f
ck
) * (d -
d)
A
st
= (Pt
(limit)
+ Pt
2
) * b * d / 100
2) if M < M
u li mit
compression steel is not
required
A
st
= Pt * b* d / 100
Span / Effective
depth check
23.2.1
(a)
Basic span / Effective depth = 26
Effective span / MF * d s 26
MF taken from fig 4&5 using Pt and f
s

F
s
= 0.58 *f
y
* (Ast
req
/ Ast
pro
)
Or
MF (tension) = 1 / (0.225+0.00322 * f
s

0.625) s 2
MF (compression) = 1.6 * Pc / Pc +
0.275 s 1.5

DESCRIPTION
IS 456 2000 ACI 318 - 2002
CLAUSE
Contents
CLAUSE
Contents
Shear
reinforcement
Asv = 0.46 Sv
0.87 fy
If V > c

Asv = (v - Cv) b d
0.87fy d

c-refer table 19
Cmax 2

V = vU / b*d
c = taken from table 19 using Pt
and fck values
V < c shear reinforcement is not
required
(Asv / Sv)min = (0.4 * b / 0.87 * fy)
c< v < c max / 2
(Asv / Sv) = Vu - c*b*d / 0.87*fy*d
c can be derived from this
formula
c = 0.76 (fck*((1+5 )^0.5
1))^0.5 / 6
= 0.8*fck / 6.89*Pt

| V
n
>V
u

where
V
u
factored shear
V
n
nominal shear
V
n
= V
c
+ V
S

V
c
= 2*\f
c
b
w
*d
For members shear and flexure and
for detailed analysis use
V
c
= (1.9*\f
c
+ 2500
w
* V
u
*d / M
u
)
* b
w
*d
And not greater than 3.5*\f
c
b
w
*d
Quantity
V
u
*d / M
u
not greater than 1
For members subj. to axial
compression
V
c
= 2* (1+N
u
/ 2000*A
g
) * \f
c
* b
w
*d
For detailed analysis
M
m
= M
u
N
u
(4*h d) / 8
V
c
shall not be greater than
V
c
= 3.5*\f
c
* b
w
*d * \(1 + N
u
/
500*A
g
)


DESCRIPTION
IS 456 2000 ACI 318 - 2002
CLAUSE
Contents
CLAUSE
Contents
Shear
reinforcement
For members subjected to axial
tension
V
c
= 2*(1 + N
u
/ 500*A
g
) *\f
c
* b
w
*d
but not less than zero
Where N
u
is negative for tension

Nominal shear strength provided
by concrete when diagonal
cracking results results from the
combined shear and moment
Shear strength
Vci = 0.6*\f
c
* b
w
*d + V
d
+ V
i
* M
cr

/ M
max
and not less than 1.7 *\f
c
*
b
w
*d
M
cr
= I / t * (6*\f
c
+ f
pe
f
d
)

DESCRIPTION IS 456 2000 ACI 318 - 2002
CLAUSE Contents CLAUSE Contents
Spacing of shear
reinforcement
11.5.4.1


11.5.4.3

Not greater than d/2
When V
s
exceeds 4*\f
c
* b
w
*d
the above spacing is reduced
to 1/2

Minimum shear
reinforcement

11.5.5.1

If V
u
> * |V
c

A
v
= 0.75*\f
c
* b
w
*s / f
y

Not less than 500* b
w
*s / f
y

Spacing of the
shear
reinforcement
11.5.6.2

V
u
> | * V
c

V
s
= V
u
- | * V
c
/ |
For straight bars
V
s
= A
v
*f
y
*d / s
Inclined stirrups
V
s
= A
v
*f
y
(sino + coso)*d / s
Group of bars all bent up
V
s
= A
v
*f
y
*sino not greater
than 3* \f
c
* b
w
*d

Spacing are calculation for
straight bars
A
v
/ s = V
u
- |*V
c
/ |*f
y
*d

DESCRIPTION IS 456 2000 ACI 318 - 2002
CLAUSE Contents CLAUSE Contents
Torsion

41.4.2

The longitudinal
reinforcement shall be
designed to resist an
equivalent BM
Me1 = Mu + Mt
Mt = Tu (1+D/b / 1.7)
If Mt > Mu
Then longitudinal
reinforcement shall be
provided on flexural
compression member to
withstand the moment
Me2
11.6.1

















11.6.3




Torsion can be neglected when
For non prestressed members
Tu < f*\fc*(A
2
cp / Pcp)
For non prestressed members
subjected to axial tensile or
compressive force




If it exceeds the condition as per
11.6.1
Calculate the factored torsional
moment
For solid sections




For hollow sections



' 4
1
A
'
2
c G
u
cp
cp
c
f A
N
P
f +
|
|
.
|

\
|
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ s |
.
|

\
|
+
|
|
.
|

\
|
' 8
7 . 1
2
2
2
c
w
c
oh
h u
w
u
f
d b
V
A
P T
d b
V
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ s
|
.
|

\
|
+
|
|
.
|

\
|
c
d b
V
A
P T
d b
V
w
c
oh
h u
w
u
8
7 . 1
2
2
2
|
DESCRIPTION IS 456 2000 ACI 318 - 2002
CLAUSE Contents CLAUSE Contents
Transverse
reinforcement
41.4.3 Total transverse
reinforcement not less
than
11.6.3.6
Longitudinal
reinforcement
11.6.3.7 Additional longitudinal
reinforcement shall be not less
than

Minimum torsion
reinforcement
11.6.5 When Tu > values of 11.6.1


Not less than

Minimum total area
of longitudinal
torsional
reinforcement
26.5.1.7

At least one longitudinal
bar in each tie. When c/s
exceeds 450mm
additional reinforcement
to be provided

11.6.5.2




At/ s shall not be less than

y
v u
y
v u
sv
f d
S V
f d b
S T
A
87 . 0 5 . 2 87 . 0
1 1 1
+ =
s
f A A
T
yv t o
n
u cot 2
=
| |
y
v c ve
f
bS
87 . 0
t t
yl
yv h t
l
sf
f P A
A
u
2
cot
=
yv
w
c t v
f
s b
f A A ' 75 . 0 2 = +
yv
w
f
s b 50
yl
yv h t
yl
cp c
l
sf
f P A
f
A f
A =
' 5
min ,
yv
w
f
b 25
DESCRIPTION IS 456 2000 ACI 318 - 2002
CLAUSE Contents CLAUSE Contents
Spacing of the
torsion
reinforcement

26.5.1.3

Rectangular closed
stirrups. Spacing shall
not exceed x1, x1+y1 / 4 ,
300mm
11.6.6

Spacing shall not exceed
12 or P
A
/8


Column
reinforcement

26.5.3.1












39.4.1




0.8 to 6% of gross c/s
area
4 rectangular bars
6- circular bars
Minimum dia. 12mm
Spacing of bars not
greater than 300mm
SPIRAL
REINFORCEMENT
Ratio of volume of helical
reinforcement to volume
of core shall not be less
than
10.9

Minimum longitudinal
reinforcement
0.01% to 0.08% gross cross
sectional area
Minimum bars
4 rectangular bars
3 triangular bars
6- enclosed spirals
SPIRAL REINFORCEMENT



Minimum diameter 3/8 no.3
bar
LATERAL TIES
Diameter not less than 0.02
times greater dimension of the
member
No.3 to No. 5 bar
Vertical spacing of bar
Not greater than
-16 times dia. Longitudinal bar
- 48 times dia. Of tie bar

y
ck
k
g
f
f
A
A
|
|
.
|

\
|
1 36 . 0
y
c
c
g
f
f
A
A
'
1 45 . 0
|
|
.
|

\
|

DESCRIPTION IS 456 2000 ACI 318 - 2002

CLAUSE Contents CLAUSE Contents
Column
reinforcement

26.5.3.2
d

Maximum pitch not
greater than 75mm

LATERAL TIES
Pitch of the transverse
reinforcement shall not
be more than the least of
the following
- least lateral dimension
- 16* dia. Longitudinal bar
- 300mm
dia. Of the lateral ties not
less than of the largest
longitudinal bar
Minimum diameter 3/8 no.3 bar
LATERAL TIES
Diameter not less than 0.02 times
greater dimension of the member
No.3 to No. 5 bar
Vertical spacing of bar
Not greater than
-16 times dia. Longitudinal bar
- 48 times dia. Of tie bar
- 0.5 times least lateral dimension
Column
reinforcement

10.3.6.1

Foundations
Footing thickness

34.1.2


Thickness at the
Edge
Footing on soil not less
than 150mm
Piles 300mm
15.7

Depth of the footing above the
bottom reiforcement should not be
less than
- Footing on soil 6
- footing on piles 12
sc y c ck u
A f A f P 67 . 0 4 . 0 + =
( ) ( )
st y st g c n
A f A A f P + = ' 85 . 0 85 . 0 *
max ,
| |
DESCRIPTION IS 456 2000 ACI 318 - 2002
CLAUSE Contents CLAU
SE
Contents
Footing - Critical
section for shear
34.2.4.2 D / 2 distance alround the
face of the column
15.5.4


d
p
/ 2, alround the face of the
column
Minimum
reinforcement in
footings

34.5.2 Nominal reinforcement for
concrete thickness greater
than 1m shall be
360mm
2
.this provision does
not supercede the
requirement of the min.
tensile reinforcement based
on depth calculation
Longitudinal reinforcement
atleast 0.5% of the c/s area
of the supported column
Ast
min
= 0.0018bh
Grade 40-50 steel 0.2%
Grade 60 steel 0.18%

Development
length of bars


is taken from the table
26.2.1.1
12.2.1 For deformed bars





Not greater than 2.5
L
d
not less than 12
bd
s
d
L
t
|o
4
= bd
t
b
tr
c
y
d
d
bd
k c
f
f
L *
' * 40
* * 3
|
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
| +
=
o|
|
.
|

\
| +
bd
k c
tr
Slender Columns with biaxial bending


Isolated footing with Moment Click