Population Growth

Sumi C D 1st year MBA SMBS

Population
A population is a group composed of all members of the same species that live in a specific geographical area at a particular time. eg. Population might include all the gray squirrels that live in a certain urban park.

Population Growth
Change in a population over time, and can be quantified as the change in the number of individuals of any species in population using per unit time for measurement. Population growth is used informally for the more specific term population growth rate. Used to refers specifically to the growth of human population of the world.

Population Growth Rate

It is a fractional rate at which the number of individual in a population increases. Refers to the change in the population over a unit time period. Expressed as a percentage of the number of individual in the population at the beginning of that period.

Population Growth Rate

Growth rate = population at the end of period population at beginning of period

population at the beginning of period

DECADAL POPULATION GROWTH

India's decadal population growth rate: 17.6% (2001 - 2011)

India's decadal population growth rate: 21.5% (1991 - 2001)

INFANT MORTALITY
It gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female

Infant Mortality Rate.

Life expectancy at birth

It is an entry contains the average number of years to be lived by a group of people born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. The entry includes total population as well as the male and female components.

Indias life expectancy

Sex Ratio
Sex ratio is the ratio of males to females in a population Sex ratio of population as began to improve- from 927 in 1991 to 933 in 2001 to 940 in 2011

Literacy Rate
Literacy in India is key for socio-economic progress and the Indian literacy rate grew to 74.04% in 2011 India has the largest illiterate population. There is a wide gender disparity in the literacy rate in India: effective literacy rates (age 7 and above) in 2011 were 82.14% for men and 65.46% for women.

Literacy rate in India

Some Negative Impacts

Changes in atmospheric composition and consequent global warming Irreversible loss of arable land and increases in desertification

Mass species extinctions.

High infant and child mortality. High rates of infant mortality are caused by poverty. Rich countries with high population densities have low rates of infant mortality.
Intensive factory farming to support large populations. Low life expectancy in countries with fastest growing populations

Starvation, malnutrition or poor diet with ill health and dietdeficiency diseases (e.g. rickets). However, rich countries with high population densities do not have famine.

Thank you

In environment.
Scarce water Scarce cropland Fisheries Forests Global warming Species extinction Consumption plus population

Some Negative Impacts

Inadequate fresh water for drinking water use as well as sewage treatment and effluent dis charge. Depletion of natural resources, especially fossil fuels Increased levels of air pollution, water pollution, soil contamination and noise pollution.

 Increased levels of air pollution, water pollution, soil contamination and noise pollution.

Deforestation and loss of ecosystems that sustain global atmospheric oxygen and carbon dioxide balance; about eight million hectares of forest are lost each year. Changes in atmospheric composition and consequent global warming Irreversible loss of arable land and increases in desertification

Unhygienic living conditions for many based upon water resource depletion, discharge of raw sewage and solid waste disposal. Conflict over scarce resources and crowding, leading to increased levels of warfare