PERSPECTIVE MANAGEMENT

Presented to: Prof. Sadavarte sir

ENTREPRENEUR AND MANAGER DEFINING ROLES, SKILLS, SOCIAL AND ETHICAL RESPONSIBILITIES.

ENTREPRENEURS
An entrepreneur is an individual who undertakes the creation, organization, and ownership of a business. Entrepreneurs are often self-employed.

ENTREPRENEURS
The word derived from the french word Entreprendre Which means who undertake the risk of new ENTERPRISE

CHARACTERISTICS OF ENTREPRENEURS
Find opportunities Know how to act upon them. See a need or desire for a product, Weigh the risks of producing and marketing the product, Formulate a plan of action, and proceed to develop and maintain a business.

CHARACTERISTICS OF GOOD MANAGERS

Trustworthy Dependable Integrity Social Skills Communication Skills

 These characteristics are vital in developing good relationships with employees and clients. Treats people with respect, leads by example, Follows a fair set of rules, stands by his/her word, and does everything well and with the best outcome in mind.

CHARACTERISTICS OF GOOD MANAGERS

MANAGER VS ENTREPRENEUR
Manager
Authorized to get work done , To take decisions Assist to achieve the organizational goals & objectives Works for Business means he is employee of company Creative

Entrepreneur
Owner of business An Entrepreneur is a risktaker. A person who organizes, operates and assumes the risk for a business venture Self employee More creative

THE ROLE OF THE ENTREPRENEUR

THE ROLE OF THE ENTREPRENEUR

1. Entrepreneurs are innovators To observe an opportunity. To create new goods and services. To improve existing products. 2. Entrepreneurs provide choice To add goods and services to the marketplace. To offer variety. To design different approaches to familiar problems. 3. Entrepreneurs provide jobs To hire workers for their businesses. To consume resources, thus providing jobs in the industries that supply those resources.

ROLE OF A MANAGER
1.INTERPERSONAL. 2.INFORMATION. 3.DECISIONAL.

Mintzbergs Managerial Roles

Mintzbergs Managerial Roles

Mintzbergs Managerial Roles

Skills required for a manager, an entrepreneur & Ethical manager

SKILLS OF MANAGERS
Listening Skills Empathy Persuasion Leadership Focus Division of Work Obstacle Removal Heat Absorption Project Management Administrative and Financial Skills People skills Flexible/adaptable to change Self-management Solve-complex problems and make decisions Ethical/high personal standards Team building Good communication Domain knowledge

 For every one of these skills, there are various levels of performance. No one expects a new manager to be superior at every one of these skills, but you should be aware of all of them, and you should do everything you can to learn more about each skill. Some of the learning will come through education like reading books, articles on web site . But much of learning will come through experience trial & error. Just learn as much as you can about each skill, Learn from your mistakes and try not to repeat them. Ask for feedback in many cases you wont know what you could do better unless someone tells you.

SKILLS OF ENTERPRENERS
Self-StarterSelf-Motivation Positive ThinkerCautiously Optimistic Calculated Risk-Taker Disciplined Dream Maker Visionary Decision Maker Passionate & Energized Strategic thinking Active & Confident Persistence Self-Confidence Goal Oriented Flexible Time Management Ethics & Morals Sales Finance

10 SKILLS OF ETHICAL MANAGER

1) 2) 3) 4) 5) Passion for role and commitment to culture Strategic vision and holistic approach Business partnering A keen eye for cost Continuous improvement and stellar organization

6) Avoid head office plague 7) Understand risk 8) Tone at the top 9) Walking the talk 10) Excellent marketing skills

WHAT IS SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY?

Social responsibility is an ethical or ideological theory that an entity whether it is a government, corporation, organization or individual has a

responsibility to society at large.

This obligation is seen to extend beyond the statutory obligation to comply with legislation and sees organizations voluntarily taking further steps to improve the quality of life for employees and their families as well as for the local community and society at large. There has been greater consensus around the fact that the business enterprise which makes use of the resources of society and depends on society for its functioning, should discharge its duties by enhancing the

overall welfare of society.

WHY SHOULD BUSINESS BE SOCIALLY RESPONSIBLE?

Public Image Survival & Growth Employee Satisfaction Customer Awareness Comply with Government Regulations

Shareholders Customers Society Social Responsibility

Government

Employees

The Pyramid of Social Responsibility

PHILANTHROPIC GOODWILL Be a good corporate citizen. ETHICAL Responsibility Be ETHICAL Obligation to do what is right, just, and fair. Avoid harm. LEGAL Obligations Obey the LAW Law is societys codification of right and wrong. Play by the rules of the game. ECONOMIC Responsibility Be PROFITABLE The foundation upon which all other levels rest. Contribute resources to the community: improve quality of life.

RESPONSIBILITY TOWARDS THE SOCIETY/COMMUNITY

Socio-economic Objectives Environmental Concerns Creating Employment opportunities Efficient use of Resources Welfare Activities Business Morality

RESPONSIBILITY TOWARDS SHAREHOLDERS

Reasonable Dividend Stability & Growth Information Protection of Assets

RESPONSIBILITY TOWARDS CUSTOMERS

Need satisfaction Regular Flow of Goods Prompt Services Right Information Fair Trade practices

RESPONSIBILITY TOWARDS EMPLOYEES (INTERNAL CUSTOMERS)

Fair wages Healthy & conducive working conditions Recognition & Rewards Recognition of Workers Rights Opportunity for Growth & Development

RESPONSIBILITY TOWARDS THE GOVERNMENT

To abide by the laws of the nation To pay Govt taxes honestly & in time To avoid corrupting Govt employees To discourage the tendency of concentration of economic power and monopoly To encourage fair trade practices.

EXAMPLES OF CSR TOWARDS SOCIETY

Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited, Maruti Suzuki India Limited, and Hindustan Unilever Limited, adopt villages where they focus on holistic development. They provide better medical and sanitation facilities, build schools and houses, and help the villagers become selfreliant by teaching them vocational and business skills

GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals CSR programs primarily focus on health and healthy living. They work in tribal villages where they provide medical check-up and treatment, health camps and health awareness programs. They also provide money, medicines and equipment to non-profit organizations that work towards improving health and education in under-served communities.

ETHICS & BUSINESS ETHICS

FACTORS INFLUENSING ETHICAL BEHAHIOUR

FOUR VIEWS OF ETHICAL BEHAVIOUR

INDIVIDUALISM VIEW
Acts are moral when they promote the individuals best long-term interests, which ultimately leads to the greater good. Individualism is believed to lead to honesty and integrity because that works best in the long run

UTILITARIAN VIEW
Ethical decisions are made solely on the basis of their outcomes or consequences. Greatest good is provided for the greatest number Encourages efficiency and productivity and is consistent with the goal of profit maximization

MORAL-RIGHTS VIEW
Ethical decisions are made keeping in mind respecting and protecting individual liberties and privileges Ethical manager or entrepreneur must avoid interfering with the fundamental rights of others in decision making.

JUSTICE VIEW
Ethical managers impose and enforce rules fairly and impartially and do so by following all legal rules and regulations. Protects the interests of underrepresented stakeholders and the rights of employees.

C.S.R. Moral rights & duties between a company and its shareholders Relations between different companies

Corporate governance
Political contributions

PROFESSIONAL ETHICS
The myriad practical ethical problems & phenomena arising out of specific functional areas of cos or in relation to recognized business professions.

ACCOUNTING INFORMATION ETHICS

Misleading financial analysis

Criminal manipulation of the financial markets

Insider trading, securities fraud, forex scams

Executive compensation
concerns excessive payments made to corporate CEO's

Bribery and facilitation payments

short-term interests of the company and shareholders, these practices may be anti-competitive or offend against the values of society.

HRM ETHICS
Ethical issues in employer-employee relationship, the rights and duties between employer and employee Discrimination on the basis of
age, gender, race, religion, disabilities, weight and attractiveness.

Issues relating to
Employee representation and democratization Privacy of the employee: workplace surveillance, drug testing. Fairness of employment contract & balance of power between employer & employee: slavery, indentured servitude, employment law. Occupational safety and health

SALES & MARKETING

Price fixing, discrimination, skimming

Anti-competitive practices, manipulation of loyalty and supply chains.

Specific marketing strategies: bait and switch, planned obsolescence. Content of advertisements: attack ads, sex in ads, products regarded as immoral or harmful Children and marketing: marketing in schools

PRODUCTION
Duties of a company ensure that products and production processes do not cause harm:
Defective, addictive and inherently dangerous products & services (e.g. tobacco, alcohol, weapons, chemical manufacturing).

Ethical relations between the company and the environment :

pollution, environmental ethics, carbon emissions trading.

Ethical problems arising out of new technologies:

genetically modified food, mobile phone radiation and health.

Product testing ethics:

animal rights and animal testing, use of economically disadvantaged groups (such as students) as test objects.

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, KNOWLEDGE & SKILLS

Patent infringement, copyright infringement, trademark infringement Misuse of the intellectual property systems to stifle competition: patent misuse, copyright misuse, patent troll Even the notion of intellectual property itself criticised on ethical grounds

 Employee raiding practice of attracting key employees away from a competitor to take unfair advantage of the knowledge or skills they may possess Practice of employing all the most talented people in a specific field, regardless of need, in order to prevent any competitors employing them

ETHICAL PRACTICES FOLLOWED BY

MOTOROLA.INC.
A fortune 500 company known around the world for innovation and leadership in wireless and broadband communications. Design and deliver the "must have" products, "must do" experiences and powerful networks along with a full complement of support services. Continuously ranked among top 100 ethical companies.

KEY BELIEFS - THE WAY MOTOROLA ALWAYS ACT

MOTOROLAS KEY BELIEFS CODE OF BUSINESS CONDUCT Earn customer loyalty by delivering on our promises. Build quality relationships with companies that share our values. Treat the investment of our shareholders as if it were our own. Compete aggressively but with integrity. Provide products and services that benefit people. Report business conduct concerns immediately. Obtain and conduct business legally and ethically, without ever accepting or giving bribes or kickbacks.

ETHICS PRACTICED BY MOTOROLA

Times will change. Our products will change. Our people will change. Our customers will change. What will not change is our commitment to our key beliefs.
Uncompromising integrity Constant respect for people

MOTOROLAS RESPONSIBILITY
TOWARDS MOTOROLANS We respect the dignity of each Motorolan. TOWARDS CUSTOMERS AND CONSUMERS We earn customer loyalty by delivering on our promises. TOWARDS COMMUNITIES As a global corporate citizen, Motorola creates products and provides services that benefit people around the world.

MOTOROLA ETHICS RENEWAL PROCESS

MERP program runs throughout the globe to help ethical Motorolans to make tough business decisions. BENEFITS: Right Action: Managing on High Principles Reduce Risks: Legal, Financial, Personal, and Corporate Invest In Future Brand Equity Leadership.

SELF EVALUATION
Question 1 How will I feel about this if my family finds out?

Question 2 How will I feel about this if it is printed in the local newspaper?

How Managers Can Improve Ethical Behavior in An Organization

1. 2. 3. 4. Hire individuals with high ethical standards. Establish codes of ethics and decision rules. Lead by example. Set realistic job goals and include ethics in performance appraisals. 5. Provide ethics training. 6. Conduct independent social audits. 7. Provide support for individuals facing ethical dilemmas.

The Value of Ethics Training

Can make a difference in ethical behaviors. Increases employee awareness of ethical issues in business decisions. Clarifies and reinforces the organizations standards of conduct. Helps employees become more confident that they will have the organizations support when taking unpopular but ethically correct stances.

EFFECTIVE USE OF A CODE OF ETHICS

Develop a code of ethics as a guide in handling ethical dilemmas in decision making. Communicate the code regularly to all employees. Have all levels of management continually reaffirm the importance of the ethics code and the organizations commitment to the code. Publicly reprimand and consistently discipline those who break the code.

CONCLUSIONS
There are certain actions a company can take to help its employees maintain ethical standards. a) Review the relevant laws and regulations pertaining to the business. Review which values produce highly ethical and successful people or products. Compose a code of ethics for the business. Within the code, attempt to associate two example behaviors with each value. Identify the top five to ten ethical values that are high priorities within the organization.

b)

c)

d)