Introduction to Disaster Management

Introduction
What is a Disaster?
Any unplanned event that requires immediate redeployment of limited resources
Sample Disasters
Natural Forces Fire Environmental Hazards Flood / Water Damage Extreme Weather Technical Failure Power Outage Equipment Failure Network Failure Software Failure Human Interference Criminal Act Human Error Loss of Users Explosions

What is Disaster Management

Discipline dealing with and avoiding risks Involves preparing, supporting, and rebuilding society when natural or man made disasters occur Continuous process by which all individuals, groups, and communities manage hazards in an effort to avoid or ameliorate the impact of disasters resulting from the hazards

Why We Need Disaster Management

For Early Warning To foreseeing future disasters To Take prevention methods on reliable information To prohibit Natural disaster occurrence sources.

PRINCIPLES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT

Minimize casualties Prevent further casualties Rescue the victims First aid vacuate Medical care Reconstruction

Phenomenon of Natural Disasters

Many Developing and Developed countries of Asia Pacific Region are situated in the hazard belts if the world and are subject to

Floods Landslides Earthquakes Cyclones Droughts Volcanic eruptions Tsunami Epdemics

 WATER AND CLIMITE RELATED HAZARDS

Cloudburst / Heat & Cold Waves / Thunder and lightning)

(Floods

and Drainage Management / Droughts / Cyclones / Tsunami / /

GEOLOGICALLY RELATED HAZARDS

Mine Fires)

(Earthquakes /

Landslides / Mud glows / Sea Erosion / Dam Bursts & Dam Failures /

CHEMICAL, INDUSTRIAL & NUCLEAR RELATED

DISASTERS

 ACCIDENT RELATED DISASTERS

(Road, Rail and other

Transportation Accidents including waterways-Boat Capsizing/ Mine Flooding/Major Building Collapse/Serial Bomb Blasts/Festival related Disasters/ Electrical Disasters & Fires/Forest Fires/ Urban Fires/Mine Flooding/ Oil Spill/ Village Fires)

BIOLOGICALLY
Disasters/ Poisoning)

RELATED
and Bird

DISASTERS
Epidemics/Pest

(Biological Attacks/Food

Epidemics/Cattle

Earthquakes in India

Indian Ocean Tsunami 26 Dec., 2004

Marina Beach after Tsunami

15TH May, 2003. The fire broke out in three coaches of the Golden Temple Express, which was travelling from Bombay (Mumbai) to the holy Sikh city of Amritsar. At least 38 people have died in a fire on an express train in India's northern Punjab state

Mumbai flooding after 2006 deluge

Occurrence of Disasters

Cyclones

Philippines 38 % of world total 30 per year Bangladesh Vietnam Fiji Tonga Solomon Islands Samova

Occurrence of Disasters Contd.

Floods

India

Annual floods inundate 40 million hectares

Bangladesh Sri Lanka

One of the most flood prone countries in the region Seasonal floods Annual summer floods

China

Occurrence of Disasters Contd.

Droughts

Afghanistan Iran Myanmar Pakistan India Sri Lanka Nepal

Occurrence of Disasters contd.

Earthquakes

70% of the earthquakes are reported from this zone

Japan Once in every 10 years China- 28th July 1976 caused 240,000 deaths Philippines- Average 5 earthquakes per day India Pacific ocean seismic zone or Indian ocean
seismic Zone. Nepal, Afghanistan, Iran Pacific Islands

Occurrence of Disasters contd.

Tsunami

1883 disastrous Krakatowa volcanic eruption caused 36,000 deaths 17th August 1976, Moro gulf in Philippines caused 8000 deaths (ESCAP,1995) 26th December, 2004 more than 2 million deaths Japan, India, Indonesia, Philippines, Maldives, Sri Lanka , Thailand etc.. are the some of the badly affected countries in the Asia pacific Region

Components of Disaster Management

1.
2. 3.

4.

Preparedness Response Recovery . Prevention

Disaster Preparedness
It involves measures to ensure that communities and services are capable of coping with the effect of disaster. Examples: 1.Community awareness and education 2.Proper warning system 3.Mutual aid arrangement 4.Mock drill, training practice

Disaster Response
It involves measures taken in anticipation of, during and immediately after a disaster to ensure that the effects are minimised. Examples 1. Implementing the disaster management plan 2.Setting up medical camps and mobilizing resources 3.Providing adequate shelter and sanitary facilities 4.Development of search and rescue team

Disaster Recovery
It involves measures, which support emergency affected areas in reconstruction of the physical infrastructure and restoration of economic and emotional well being. Examples: 1.Counseling programme for those who lost the near ones 2.Restoring services like roads, communication link 3.Providing financial support employment 4. Reconstructing damaged buildings

Prevention and Mitigation

It involves measures to eliminate or reduce the incidence of severity of disasters EXAMPLE 1.Preventing habitation in risk zones 2.Disaster resistant buildings

Disaster Mitigation Methods

Education Training Development of expertise