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DESIGN AND SOLID MODELING TERM PROJECT:

SHAFT WITH SPLINE CONNECTION:

PRESENTATION MEMBERS ARE:

1)- Syed Anis Badshah UW-09-ME-BE--01 2)- Shafique Ahmad UW-09-ME-BE--32 3)- Syed Shahid Raza UW-09-ME-BE--34 4)- Sanaullah Khattak UW-09-ME-BE--44

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CONTENTS:
o o o

INTRODUCTION TO

SHAFT TORQUE TRANSMISSION ELEMENTS SPLINES AND TYPES OF SPLINES

USES AND APPLICATIONS. CALCULATIONS AND THEORITICAL DESIGN. SOFTWARE DESIGN (MODELING AND

ANALYSIS).

CONCLUSION.
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INDEX:
SLIDE NUMBER
1---2 3---9 10---13 14---16 17---29 TOPIC NAME
1)- Introduction to shaft and torque transmission elements 2)- Splines and types of Splines 3)- Uses and Applications 4)- Theoretical Design of straightsided spline shaft. 5)- Software design(solid modeling analysis) of straightsided splined shaft system. 6)- Conclusion..

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Introduction to SHAFT:
v DEFINITION:
Shaft is a rotating member, usually of circular cross-section, used to transmit power or motion.
It provides the axis of rotation, or oscillation, of elements such as

gears , pulleys, flywheel, crank, sprockets and the like and controls the geometry of their motion.

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Torque transmission elements:

Shafts are used to transmit power between

input gear or pulley to the output gear or pulley.

It is necessary to provide a means of

transmitting the torque between the shaft and the gear. follow;

Common torque transfer elements are as 1) Keys 2) SPLINES

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SPLINES:
Splines are essentially stubby gear teeth formed on

the outside of the shaft and on the inside of the hub of the load transmitting component.

In other words;. Splines are ridges or teeth on a Drive

shaft that mesh with grooves in a mating piece and transfer Torque to it, maintaining the angular correspondence between them.
They are typically used to transfer high torque. One feature of the spline is that it can be made with a 3 10/14/12

CONTINUES..
Stress concentration factors are greatest where the spline

ends and blends into the shaft, but are generally quite moderate.

The gear shifting mechanism in automobile gear boxes

requires such type of construction.

Splines are cut on shaft by milling and on the hub by

broaching.

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External splines

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SPLINES ON SHAFT: Internal splines

SPLINES IN HUB

Types of splines:
The following are the types of SPLINES. 1. STRAIGHT SIDED SPLINES 1. INVOLUTE SPLINES. 1. STRAIGHT- SIDED SERRATIONS.

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1)- STRAIGHT SIDED SPLINES:

Straight-sided splines connections are often used for

adjustable, form-closed shaft pinion center connections.

Main areas of use: vehicle gear trains, machine-tools.

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2)- INVOLUTE SPLINES:

Involute splines are in the form of concentric external

and internal gear teeth. They are stub teeth with pressure angle of 30.
These splines are more popular than straight sided

splines due to greater strength relative to their size. to an even distribution of load.

Involute splines are self centering and tend to adjust Cost of involute splines is more than straight-sided

splines.

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3)- STRAIGHT SIDED SERRATIONS:

Straight-sided serrations are used in

applications where it is important to keep the overall size of the assembly as small as possible.

They are used in interference joints. Serrations joints are also used to obtain small

angular relative adjustment between the jointed members.

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Uses and Applications:

Spines are used in; v Power Take off system of vehicles. v In bicycles v In propeller attachment of air crafts.
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Power take off system of vehicles:

A power take-off or power takeoff (PTO) is a

splined drive shaft, usually on a TRACTOR or TRUCK, that can be used to provide power to an attachment or separate machine. It is designed to be easily connected and disconnected. The power take-off allows implements to draw energy from the tractor's engine. A power take-off at rear end of a tractor

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11

In bicycles:

Splines are used in bicycles for power

transmission.

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12

Air craft engines may have a spline upon which

In propeller attachment of air crafts

mounts the propeller. There may be a master spline which is wider than the others, so that the propeller may go on at only one orientation, to maintain dynamic balance.
This arrangement is commonly found in larger

engines, where smaller engines typically use a pattern of threaded fasteners instead.

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13

Theoretical design:
Consider a shaft with spline connection like as

in gear box.

Assume material of shaft = steel FeE580

(Sut=770 and Syt = 580 ASME CRETERIAE;

; ACCORDING TO = 174 =138. 6

or
Lowest is the 138.6

and there are spline connection so value is reduce up to 25% of the 10/14/12

14

 Now for splines;

Mt =
on spline.

.(1) ; where
A=total area of splines.

= permissible pressure

= Mean radius of spline.

And; A=1/2 (D-d)ln ; where D=major diameter of spline = (D+d)/4 d= minor diameter of spline l= length of hub. splines 10/14/12 n= number of
15

Design consideration: o Let D= 70mm , d=60mm , no; of splines= n = 10

=6.5

, coefficient of friction = 0.04

Power = 30 KW , speed=N= 400 rpm = 716197.24 N-mm From spline equation; l= 68 mm And ; =>
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= 22036.83 N = 881.47 N
16

SOFTWARE MODELING:
DESIGN THROUGH PRO-E.
We actually design the operating system of gear box to change the gear speeds..
I. II.

Shaft Splined on shaft

III. Discs with main tooth gear . IV. Hub at either ends of the shaft V.

Thin plates

VI. Cover disc VII. Bracket 10/14/12

17

shaft
Dimensions

Diameter of shaft = 60mm Length of shaft = 300mm

COMMANDS USED:
circle

a) Extrude command for drawing

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SPLINE ON SHAFT
Number of spines = 10 teeth. Length of splines = 68mm Commands used:
a) extrude command for spline teeth.

a) Pattern command for teeth numbers

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Discs with main gear teeth:

No; of teeth on gear = 30 Dia of gear = 180mm Dia of second disc = 150mm Dia of last one disc = 130mm

Commands used:

a) Extrude command b) Patterrn command c) Round command

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Hub at either side of the shaft:

Dia of first step = 70mm Dia of the second step =80mm Dia of the last step = 85mm Command used: Extrude command

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21

Thin plates and cover discs:

Command used = Extrude Round

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22

Brackets:
Using extrude command.

Using hole command.

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23

Align form but not in compact shape

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24

Assembled form in compact form.

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25

Ansys analysis:

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29

CONCLUSIONS:
Splines may be considered as using multiple

keys, integral with the shaft.

Best way to transmit large torque. .
Prominent use in gear box and other relivent

applications.
Material and type of spline used is considered

for the maximum power transmission.

Stress concentration at the ends of the splines

and blend the shaft, so safety precaution is taken.

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30

ANY QUERIES ARE ENTERTAINED.

Click to edit Master subtitle style

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