Problem of Pollution

Pollution is a global problem which requires a local solution. What is the effect of pollution on common man ? what initiatives do we suggest at the individual and community level for pollution prevention and control?

Problem of Pollution
Every human action is leading to environmental damages especially the quality of water and air The modern life style is dirtier than our distant ancestors which causes pollution Modern lifestyle is the root cause of pollution life style correction is the solution

Problem of Pollution
Modern lifestyle even pollute the panchabhootas the five essential elements Prevent polluting of panchabhhotas for the continuous existence of human kind in this beautiful planet

Problem of Pollution
1. The five Rs in the natural prevention and control of pollution ( Restrict, Reduce, Recover, Reuse, and Recycle) 2. How the environment of flora and fauna in the river helps prevent pollution?

Problem of Pollution
1. Modern lifestyle is the root cause of pollution. Lifestyle correction is the solution. 2. The corporate initiatives in preventing and controlling pollution?

Problem of Pollution
1. What natural measures do we suggest in preventing and controlling pollution? 2. The salient features of pollution control?

Problem of Pollution
1. How sustainable pollution control enables to achieve environmental improvements while remaining competitive and profitable? 2. Sustainable pollution control is a logical extension of our desire to conserve materials and reduce waste?

Problem of Pollution
Practice Pachabhootopasana as an ancient principle of pollution prevention Restrict the creation of waste at its source. Prevent its increase in households and business houses.

Problem of Pollution
The effects of Pollution of living systems Its effects on population health and habitat A number of pollution syndromes Dramatic increase in the sickness and mortality

Problem of Pollution
The highest concentration of pollutants are found at their source Prevention is better than cure An ounce of prevention is better than an ocean of control

Air Pollution Industrial processes and vehicular exhaust Release of gases, liquids in the vapor phase and dust particles Most generally released gases : carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and sulphur dioxide Incidence of acute attacks of bronchitis The liquids liberated in a vapor phase hydrocarbon Asbestos dust can also cause heavy damage

Water Pollution

Spread of infectious disease by water pollution Concentration of certain trace elements in water Toxic materials in the water effluents possibly causing mutation or cancer Cyanide, lead , cadmium, arsenic, mercury, manganese, chromium are industrial waste

Water Pollution

Water is a vital substance in all parts of the environment It covers about 70 per cent of the earth surface and is found in different forms in all parts of the earth Fresh water resources are finite and are over used

Water Pollution

Water resources can be classified as surface water and ground water Surface water include rivers, lakes and oceans support aquatic life Ground water is the moisture that exists in the pore spaces of soil and in cavities and fissures of rock

Water Pollution

Problem of pathogenic organism Cause waterborne diseases cholera, bacterial and amoebic dysentery, enteritis, polio, infectious hepatitis, malaria Presence of faecal coli forms contaminated by untreated faeces

Water Pollution

Ground water comprises the vast majority of fresh water and is the primary source of drinking water Despite water being limited and the essence of all life on earth it is widely treated as infinite and expandable resource

Water Pollution

Industrial waste, sewage, silt from eroded land, chemical waste and nutrients from agricultural run off These toxic substances make their way into rivers and lakes and later plants animals and humans

Water Pollution

Water is polluted by four kinds of substances Traditional organic waste Waste generated from industrial processes, chemical agents - fertilizers and pesticides Silt from degraded catchments

Water Pollution and Prevention

The bulk of the water is drawn from natural stream the rivers and lake These water reserves got contaminated due to the effluents received from industries Sometimes its PH level is changed due to acidic and alkaline nature of effluents

Water Pollution and Prevention

Biologically Degradable

Many of the effluents joining the river are biologically degraded by the flora and fauna present in the river The undesirable organic load received from the effluents (pollution) is fully degraded biologically

Assimilation Capacity

The total load in such cases, is within the assimilation capacity of the river Very often the pollution load is beyond the assimilation capacity, which destroys the rivers and lakes Kanpur, Varanasi, Lucknow, Calcutta, Calicut, Kochi

Waste Water Treatment

Primary treatment Secondary Treatment Tertiary Treatment

G.N.Pandey, Environmental Management, Vikas

Treatment of Industrial Effluents

Chemical Treatment Biological Treatment Physical treatment

G.N.Pandey, Environmental Management, Vikas

Summary of Industrial Waste

their origin, character and treatment

G.N.Pandey, Environmental Management, Vikas

Air Pollution

The atmosphere is used as a natural sink for gaseous pollutants The assimilation capacity of the atmosphere is limited A polluted atmosphere is generally an unnatural atmosphere

Air Pollution

Atmosphere weight is approximately 4.5x 10 15 metric tonnes It presses down upon the earth with a pressure of 2016 lbs/sq feet

Effects of Air Pollution A contributor to Global Issues

There are several well known effects of air pollution including smog, acid rain, green house effect and ozone layer depletion

Problem of Pollution

Injuries to human health Plants, animals and other properties Reasonably interfere with the comfortable enjoyment of life Affects the aesthetics of the planet Damages to vegetation and livestock Deterioration to buildings and livestock

The main classes of Air Pollutants Carbon Oxide: carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide Sulphur Oxide: sulphur dioxide and sulphur trioxide Nitrogen oxide: Nitric acid and nitrogen dioxide and nitrous oxide Volatile Organic compounds (VOCs): Methane, Benzene, Chloro - fluro carbon Suspended particulate matter solid particles dust, lead oil pesticides and so on Photochemical oxidants : Ozone O3 Hydrogen peroxide

Major Sources
Transportation Engines, Power plants and industrial processes Burning of solid wastes The combustion of gasoline and Other hydrocarbon fuels in automobiles Nitrogen oxides, gaseous hydro carbon Carbon monoxide and Large quantities of particulates

Effects of Air Pollutants

Short Term: Irritation to the eyes, nose, throats Upper respiratory infections Bronchitis and pneumonia Head ache nausea, allergic reactions Long Term: Chronic Respiratory diseases, Lung cancer, heart disease and Damage to brain, nerve , liver and kidneys

Pollution Prevention Pollution across all mediums, remains one of the largest environmental challenges facing todays world Traditional pollution control called end of pipe treatment Strategies to manage pollution after it has been generated

Problem of Pollution

A paradigm shift from pollution control to pollution prevention Involvement of all sectors households to industrial houses

Sustainable Pollution control

The conceptual framework of sustainable development towards action plan for pollution control Logical extension of our desire to conserve materials and reduce waste A pro active approach in pollution control

Sustainable Pollution control for productivity

It is not just an environmental initiative But supports other productivity oriented programmes and strategies Enables to achieve environmental improvements while remaining competitive and profitable Focuses on reducing the volumes of toxicity rather than treating emissions and waters ensures efficient use of material and reduction waste at it sources

Salient features- Pollution control Waste minimization Waste avoidance Waste reduction waste prevention Green productivity Source Reduction Eco efficiency Cleaner production Industrial ecology

Waste Reduction & Pollution control

Defective products Air emission Waste water discharges Solid wastes Production loss Excess energy/water Inefficient use of labour/raw materials Unusable/discarded chemical residues

Pollution Prevention & Control - Benefits

Reduced operating cost Improved worker safety Reduced compliance costs Increased productivity Increased environmental protection Reduced future liability costs Continuous improvement Resource conservation Reduced investment in pollution control Mitigation of global challenges Improved public image of the industry Investor confidence and customer satisfaction

Waste Management

Restrict reduce recover recycle reuse

Treat & process dispose - dump

Life Cycle Waste Generation

Extraction production distribution consumption final disposal

Primary industrial Production waste waste

municipal and industrial

Muncipal waste

W WASTE

E WASTE

WASTE

conclusion
Every human action is leading to environmental damages especially the quality of water and air The modern life style is dirtier than our distant ancestors which causes pollution Modern lifestyle is the root cause of pollution life style correction is the solution Modern lifestyle even pollute the panchabhootas the five essential elements

conclusion
Prevent polluting of panchabhhotas for the continuous existence of human kind in this beautiful planet Practice Pachabhootopasana as an ancient principle of pollution prevention Restrict the creation of waste at its source. Prevent its increase in households and business houses.

conclusion Individual initiative and community participation in pollution prevention and control Pollution is a global problem which requires a local solution think globally act locally

conclusion Enhance the flora and fauna in the river which are capable of preventing pollution Chlorophyll based plant can prevent pollution Encourage natural prevention through five Ps restrict, reduce, recover, reuse, recycle

Questions
1. Pollution is a global problem which requires a local solution. Explain? 2. What is the effect of pollution on common man ? what initiatives do you suggest at the individual and community level for pollution prevention and control? 3. Explain the five Rs in the natural prevention and control of pollution ( Restrict, Reduce, Recover, Reuse, and Recycle) 4. Explain how the environment of flora and fauna in the river helps prevent pollution? 5. Modern lifestyle is the root cause of pollution. Lifestyle correction is the solution. Discuss?

Questions
1. Explain with example the corporate initiatives in preventing and controlling pollution? 2. As a consultant what natural measures do you suggest in preventing and controlling pollution? 3. Explain the salient features of pollution control? 4. Explain how sustainable pollution control enables to achieve environmental improvements while remaining competitive and profitable? 5. Sustainable pollution control is a logical extension of our desire to conserve materials and reduce waste?

Questions
1. Critically examine the non market benefits of pollution control and the efficacy of pollution control act in India? 2. Explain how issues raised by pollution from commercial and industrial enterprises are to be solved ethically? 3. The pollution level increases along with economic growth and after that it decreases with economic development. Explain this phenomenon using Kuznets hypotheses? 4. What do you understand by pollution externalities and economic efficiency? 5. What is pollution tax? How effective is this market mechanism in modern time?

References

Eugene T., Environmental economics Kurian Joseph, Nagendran R. Essentials of Environmental Studies Pandy G.N. Environmental Management