REMEMBER YOUR FAMILY

IS WAITING FOR
YOUR SAFE RETURN
 BODY’S
ORIGINAL
SPARE
PARTS

NOT
AVAILABLE
SAFETY
CAN

SAVE
 SAFETY
SAFETY IS THE ART OF TAKING PRECAUTION
AGAINST ANY POSSIBLE DANGER FROM
EXTERNAL SOURCE

DANGER MAY BE TO
• SELF
• OTHERS
• MACHINES
• MATERIALS
• STRUCTURES
 ACCIDENT
ACCIDENT IS AN UNFORESEEN, UNPLANNED AND
UNCONTROLLED, EVENT WHICH MAY OR MAY
NOT CAUSE INJURIES.

ACCEDENT ALWAYS BRINGS MISERY

ACCIDENTS DO NOT HAPPEN THEY ARE CAUSED

ALWAYS THERE WILL BE ONE OR MORE CAUSES
FOR ANY ACCIDNET

ACCIDENTS CAN BE PREVENTED

BY
ELIMINATING THE CAUSES
PERSONAL IMPERSONAL
FACTOR FACTOR

ACCID
ENT
UNSAFE CASUAL
ACTION / PROXIMATE
CONDITION FACTOR

CONSEQUENCES OF AN ACCIDENT ON
1. PERSON 2. FAMILY

3. ORGANISATION 4. SOCIETY

5. NATION
5 ENEMIES OF A DRIVER
• OVER SPEEDING
• OVER LOADING
• OVER TAKING
• OVER CONFIDENCE
• ALCOHOLIC DRINK
 9 FRIENDS OF A DRIVER
• SHARP EYES
• SENSITIVE EARS
• RESPONSIVE SKIN
• CATCHY NOSE
• ANALYTICAL TONGUE
• ROAD SENSE
• TRAFFIC SENSE
• COMMON SENSE
• CAPACITY TO UNDERSTAND
OTHER’S NONSENSE
FACTORS DECIDING SPEED LIMITS
• ROAD CONDITION / TYPE
• VEHICLE CONDITION
• TRAFFIC CONDITION
• WEATHER CONDITION
• DRIVERS SKILL
• REGULATORY
RESTRICTIONS
 KEEP SAFE FOLLOWING
K.M.P.H. (Speed)
DISTANCE
Following Gap
15

30

45

60

75

90

Stay approximately one car length behind for every 15

kmph, speed. Double or triple that distance at night or when
driving on wet and slippery roads.
 CAUSES OF
ACCIDENTS
1. Over Speeding
To avoid accidents,
you must maintain the
speed of the vehicle,
keeping in view,
several factors such as
road surface, intensity
of light, weather
conditions, type of
vehicles etc.
 CAUSES OF
2.ACCIDENTS
Tail gating
Means following too
closely the vehicle ahead
of you, causing accident,
as tailgating leaves no
space to stop safely. The
higher the speed, the
longer is the stopping
distance required.
 CAUSES OF
ACCIDENTS
3. Dangerous overtaking

Wrong overtaking
without safe clearance
or on hills, turns and
bends, often leads to a
major disaster which
may involve several
vehicles and
pedestrians
 CAUSES OF
ACCIDENTS
4. Wrong lane cutting
While driving, you must
use your lane only and
changing lanes suddenly
and moving between
vehicles in different lanes is
dangerous and may cause
accidents.
 CAUSES OF
ACCIDENTS
5. Not maintaining proper .

lane
Driving outside your
designated area is dangerous,
specially when approaching
or crossing oncoming traffic.
The other drivers may lose
control and become nervous
seeing your unexpected
behaviour
 CAUSES OF
6. Ignoring signs
ACCIDENTS and lights

Ignoring traffic signals

and signs and over
speeding, specially on
intersections, are
common factors of
accidents.
 CAUSES OF
ACCIDENTS
7. Pedestrian intrusion
Due to sudden
appearance of
pedestrians, especially
small children, cattle etc.
on the high ways, where
vehicles move faster,
drivers may lose control
leading to accidents.
 CAUSES OF
8.ACCIDENTS
Inattentiveness

While driving, one must

concentrate on the same.
Failure to keep one’s
attention on the road and
the traffic, may lead to
accidents.
Safety and Accidents
REASON % OF ACCIDENTS
HUMAN CAUSES 88%
MECHANICAL FAILURE 10%
Acts of God 2%

OUT OF 330 ACCIDETNS

1 - MAJOR INJURY
29 - MINOR INJURY
300 - NO INJURY
 ALCOHOL AND DRIVING
The alcohol goes directly from the
stomach into the blood stream. As the
level of alcohol in the blood increases, the
brain is affected. The part of the brain
affected is that which controls judgement
and self control. Of course, good
judgement and self control are absolutely
necessary for safe driving
 Alcohol causes serious
driving errors, such as
•Driving in the wrong lane.
•Driving too fast or too slow.
•Running over the curb.
•Weaving.
•Driving between lanes.
•Quick, Jerky starts.
•Not signaling, failure to use
lights.
•Ignoring stop lights and red
 The Truth about Alcohol
• Alcohol is a drug that will make you less alert
and reduce your ability to drive safely.
• Everyone who drinks it affected by alcohol
• Food will slow down the effects of alcohol but
will not prevent them.
• Only time will help a drinker sober up. Other
methods just don’t work.
• A few beers are the same as a few pegs of
whisky or a few glasses of wine
 BEWARE
Be aware that the chances of crash
are much greater for drivers who are
habitual drunkards than for drivers
who are not.
So for your own safety as well as
other’s safety
DON’T MIX DRINKING WITH
JUDGE DIFFERENT FACES OF A
PEDESTRIAN
The Sprinter
You have seen him often.
But just barely. In rush
hour traffic, he’ll sprint
across the road expecting
you to slow down. Watch
out for him.
 DIFFERENT FACES OF A PEDESTRIAN

Houdini
He thinks he can get
out of any knotty
problem. You’ll find
him in the middle of
the traffic, squeezing
himself between cars
to escape to the other
side.
DIFFERENT FACES OF A PEDESTRIAN

Talking Machine
He carries his
conversation onto the
road even while
crossing. His is a one
track mind and it is
not on the traffic. Use
your horn and give
him plenty of room.
 DIFFERENT FACES OF A PEDESTRIAN

The Spook
He makes his rounds at
night and he’s just
beyond your headlights.
If you want to have
ghost of a chance with
him you should be able
to stop
 DIFFERENT FACES OF A PEDESTRIAN

The Genie
Pass a stationary or a slow
moving vehicle and he will
spring out at you before either
of you can see each other.
Sometimes he is a small boy in
a hurry to get across. Sometime
he is an office worker stepping
out from behind a bus. Slow
down when passing stationary
or slow-moving vehicles.
DIFFERENT FACES OF A PEDESTRIAN
The Band of Merry
The biggest problem on the
road can be ‘little ones’
romping on the road, chasing
a kite or running on the road
to retrieve a ball with total
unconcern for you or your
vehicle. Slow down, when
ever you see them, and give
them room.
THE DEFENSIVE DRIVING
CODE
• Care, courtesy and consideration for
other road users.
• Knowledge of traffic rules and
regulations.
• Alertness for the illegal acts and driving
errors of other drivers.
• Concern for accident prevention
regardless of who is in the right.
CAREFUL DRIVING COSTS NOTHING
PREVENT ACCIDETNS, REACH HOME
SAFELY
 BEWARE AND AWARE OF THE
FOLLOWING
The Motor Vehicles Act.1988, Central
Motor Vehicles Rules, 1989 and State
Motor Vehicles Rules are the legal
instruments for the conduct of Road
Traffic in India. They also prescribe
penalties for offences. Some of the common
offences which are punishable under the
Act are listed below:
 OFFENCES
RELATED TO DOCUMENTS
•Not carrying valid licence while driving
•Driving without valid licence
•Allowing the vehicle to be driven by a
. person who does not possess a valid licence
•Not carrying documents as required
•Driving without valid insurance
•Driving without valid permit
•Driving without valid fitness certificate
 OFFENCES RELATED TO DRIVING
• Over speeding
• Dangerous/Reckless driving
• Driving under alcohol/drugs
• Dangerous lane cutting
• Moving against one way
• Overtaking dangerously
• Jumping signal
• Driving on foot path
• Stopping at pedestrian crossing stop
line
• Parking violations
• Horn offences
FOLLOW TRAFFIC RULES
BE SAFE AND LET OTHERS BE
SAVE
• Number plate offences
• Using private vehicle for
commercial purpose
• Refusal to ply for hire,
charging excess fare,
misbehavior with passenger
• Overloading a vehicle
• Breach of permit conditions
• Using vehicle in unsafe
condition
• Breach of rules regarding
carriage of hazardous goods.
HOW TO DRIVE IN
ROUND ABOUTS

GIVE
WAY
HOW TO DRIVE IN
ROUND ABOUTS

LEFT
TURN
HOW TO DRIVE IN
ROUND ABOUTS

RIGHT
TURN
NEGOTIATING TURNS

LEFT
TURN
NEGOTIATING TURNS

RIGHT
TURN
NEGOTIATING TURNS

U
TURN
 NEVER PARK YOUR VEHICLE
AT FOLLOWING PLACES
• In front of an entrance to a street or a highway.
• On a side walk, zebra crossing, bridge or inside a tunnel.
• In front of entrance to a hotel, theatre, auditorium, office, hospital.
• Within 10 metres of a non-signalised intersection or corner of a street.
• Within 50 metres of a signalized junction.
• Within 15 metres of a bus stop or taxi stand.
• Nevel leave your vehicle with your engine running.
• Always leave parking lights on at night if vehicle is parked on the main road.
• Before leaving your vehicle, always put the parking brakes on and the gear in
low, reverse, or park position.
 TRAFFIC SIGNS ENUMERATED IN THE
SCHEDULE OF MOTOR VEHICLE ACT - 1998

M - MANDATORY SIGNS
M-3
M-1 M-2

STOP STRAIGHT
GIVE WAY PROHIBITED OR NO
ENTRY

M-6 M-7 M-8

ONE WAY SIGNS VEHICLES PROHIBITED IN

BOTH DIRECTIONS
 M-6 M-7 M-8

All motor vehicles Trucks Prohibited Bullock carts and

prohibited hand carts
prohibited
M-10 M-9 M-11

Bullock Carts Tongas Hand Carts

Prohibited Prohibited Prohibited
 M-12 M-13 M-14

Right Turn
Cycles Prohibited Pedestrians
prohibited
Prohibited

M-15 M-16 M-17

Left turn prohibited U turn prohibited Overtaking

prohibited
 M-18 M-19 M-20

Sound Horn No stopping or

No Parking
Prohibited Standing

M-21 M-22 M-23

Speed Limit width limit Height limit

 M-24 M-25 M-26

10m

Length Limit Load Limit Axle Load Limit

M-27 M-28 M-29

Restriction Ends Compulsory Ahead Compulsory Turn

Sign Only Left
 M-31 M-32 M-33

Compulsory ahead Compulsory ahead Compulsory Keep

or Turn Right or Turn left left

M-34 M-35 M-36

Compulsory Cycle Compulsory Compulsory Bus

track Sound Horn Stop
 C- CAUTIONARY SIGNS
C-2 C-3 C-4

Right Hand Curve Right Hair Pin

Left Hand Curve
Bend

C-5 C-6 C-7

Left Hair Pin Bend Right Reverse Left Reverse Bend

Bend
 C-8 C-9
C-10

C-5

Steep Ascent Steep Descent Narrow Road

Ahead

C-11 C-12 C-13

Road Widens Narrow Bridge Slippery Road

Ahead
 C-14 C-15
C-16

Loose Gravel
Cycle Crossing Pedestrian
crossing

C-17 C-18 C-19

School Ahead Men at Work Cattle

 C-20 C-21 C-22

C-5

Falling Rocks Ferry

Cross Road

C-23 C-24 C-25

Side Road Right Side Road Left

Gap in Median
 C-26-A C-26-B C-26-C

Y Intersection Y Intersection Y intersection

C-27 C-28-A C-29-A

T Intersection Staggered Major Road Ahead

intersection
 C-29B C-30 C-31

Major Road Ahead Round About Dangerous Dip

C-32 C-33 C-1

Hump or Rough Barrier Ahead General Design

Road
 UN GUARDED LEVEL CROSSING

C-34 C-35

200 meters 50-100 meters in Plain &

rolling terrian and 30-60
meter in hilly terrian
GUARDED LEVEL CROSSING

C-36 C- 37

50-100 meters in Plain &

rolling terrian and 30-60
200 Meters
meter in hilly terrian
E - INFORMATORY SIGNS
E- 1

BANGALORE

KOLAR MYSORE

ADVANCE DIRECTION SIGN

E - INFORMATORY SIGNS
E- 2
HUBLI 3

DHARWAD 25
BELGAUM 85

DESTINATION SIGN
 TRAFFIC LIGHTS
STEADY RED LIGHT

STOP – Come to a complete stop before

reaching the intersection, stop line or cross
walk and remain stopped as long as the signal
is red.
RIGHT TURN ON RED
You may turn right at a red light after coming
to a complete stop, unless there are signs
posted at the intersection which read “No Turn
on Red”.
STEADY YELLOW LIGHT

This means that the light is changing

from green to red. Its purpose is to
provide time for approaching traffic to
safely stop and to clear other vehicles
from the intersection before the light
turns red. If you are too close to stop
safely. Continue through the intersection
with care.
STEADY GREEN LIGHT

Proceed with caution after you have

first checked to see that other vehicles
have cleared the intersection. When it
is safe to proceed, you may enter the
intersection to go straight ahead or turn
unless a sign or additional signals
prohibits the turn. You must yield to
pedestrians and vehicles already in the
intersection. When you turn, you must
be especially careful of pedestrians. ‘
 STEADY GREEN LIGHT
Proceed with caution in the direction the arrow
points. Remember that you must yield to all
pedestrians and vehicles already in the intersection.
 FLASHING RED LIGHT

You must come to a

complete stop, yield
to all other traffic
and to pedestrians.
Proceed to go when
the way is clear.
FLASHING YELLOW LIGHT

You should
slow down
and proceed
with caution
 SINGLE BROKEN WHITE
Separation of lanes on which travel is
in the same direction with crossing
from one to the other permitted.

SINGLE BROKEN YELLOW

Separation of lanes on which travel
is in opposite directions, and where
overtaking with care is permitted.,
 SINGLE SOLID WHITE
Separation of lanes, or of a lane and
shoulder, where lane changing is
discouraged.

SINGLE SOLID YELLOW

Indicates right edge of the travel path
(extreme). This line is found on busy
main roads and traffic intersections.
Here, crossing the lane is prohibited.
 DOUBLE SOLID YELLOW
Separation of lanes on which travel is in
opposite directions, where overtaking is
prohibited in both directions. Left turn
manoeuvers across this marking are
permitted. Also used in advance at
obstructions which may be passed only on the
right side.

SOLID PLUS BROKEN YELLOW

Separation of lanes on which travel is in
opposite directions, where overtaking is
permitted with care for traffic adjacent to
the broken line, but prohibited for traffic
adjacent to solid line.
 DEAD GROUND

B
Anything on the road between A and B is hidden
from the driver of the red car. Avoid overtaking.
SAFE DRIVING SUGGESTIONS FOR TWO WHEELERS
WHILE MOVING
• Wear helmet and drive for safety
• Don’t drive zig-zag. Don’t weave between vehicles.
• Follow lane discipline and keep safe distance.
• Don’t over speed. Let the limit be 40 kmph
• Don’t over take form left.
• Don’t drive against one way traffic.
• Don’t drink and drive
•Don’t carry more than one pillion rider
•Don’t use two wheeler for transporting
goods and animals.
•Don’t use mobile phones while driving.
•Don’t drive without light during night.
•During night dip your light.
•Use indicators before turning
 AT JUNCTIONS AND SIGNALS
• Obey red light signals. Don’t jump signals.
• Don’t cross stop line while stopping.
• Don’t block lanes and obstruct other
drivers.
• Don’t try to enter a circle before you get
green signals.
• Don’t use shrilled and musical horns.
 RESTRICTIONS FOR USE OF VEHICLES
• Check the vehicle thoroughly. Check fuel and
brakes.
• Keep the vehicle always in good condition.
• Don’t allow under aged persons to ride vehicle.
• Don’t allow non-licensees to drive the vehicle.
• Don’t allow disabled and aged persons to ride.
• Use vehicle only when needed
PARKING
• Don’t park at junctions, turnings and prohibited areas.
• Don’t park haphazardly.
 DEVELOP SAFE DRIVING HABITS
• Before starting the vehicle check the brakes, lights, signals, wipers
and horn for proper functioning.
• Follow all the traffic rules strictly.
• While driving always wear seat belt.
• Do not drive the vehicle without the valid driving license.
• Do not drive when you have taken alcoholic drink.
• Slow moving vehicle should move in left lane.
• Fast moving vehicle should move in central lane.
• If you want to turn left move in left lane.
• If you want to go straight move in center lane.
• Do not change the lanes abruptly.
• Check the tyre condition and air pressure daily.
• At roundabouts, junctions and circles always give way to your right
side traffic
• Always give way to pedestrians for crossing the road safely.
• Do not stop your vehicle on zebra crossing.
• Try to drive the vehicle without using the horns. Use horns only in
grave emergencies.
• Do not use loud, shrill and musical horns.
• Do not use horns in silent zones. If necessary stop the vehicle.
• Never over take from the left.
• Know the principle “Over taker has no right of the way”.
• Do not try to over take when road ahead is not visible.
• Slow down, horn and pass carefully when cross roads are ahead.
• Near signal lights stick to your lane. Keep the free left turn clear.
• Never cross the yellow line.
• While turning, slow down and give signals before 100 feet.
• Don’t overload your vehicle. Carry only prescribed numbers.
• Never talk over mobile/cellular phones while driving.
 CODE OF ETHICS FOR DRIVERS
• GET THE KNOWLEDGE OF TRAFFIC RULES.
• CHECK VEHICLE REGULARLY. MAINTAIN FIT FOR USE.
• KEEP YOUSELF IN GOOD HEALTH PHYSICALLY AND
MENTALLY.
• SHOW CARE, COURTESYFOR OTHER ROAD USERS.
• WHILE DRIVING USE SEAT BELTS
• BE ALERT ABOUT THE ERRORS OF OTHER DRIVERS.
• NEVER MIX DRINKING AND DRIVING.
• START EARLY, DRIVE SLOWLY, REACH SAFELY.
• DO NOT OVER SPEED OR OVER LOAD YOUR VEHICLE.
• GIVE SIGNAL BEFORE TURNING, BRAKING & STOPPI NG.
• SLOW DOWN WHILE NEARISNG TURNINGS, JUNCTIONS AND CROSS
ROADS.
• DO NOT PARK VEHICLE IN PROHIBITED AND NO PARKING AREAS
• DO NOT OVER TAKE DANGEROUSLY.

• AT NIGHT DIP YOUR LIGHTS TO ON COMING, FRINTT GOING

VEHICLE.

• DO NOT HORN UNNECESSARILY. NEVER HORN IN SILENT ZONES.

• KEEP SAFE FOLLOWING DISTANCE. ‘MORE SPEED MORE GAP’.

• IN ROUND ABOUTS GIVE WAY FOR VEHICLES IN YOUR RIGHT.

• RESPECT SIGNALS. NEVER JUMP TRAFFIC SIGNALS.

• ALWAYS KEEP THE REQUIRED DOCUMENTS WITH YOU.

• GIVE WAY TO AMBULANCE, FIRE ENGINES & VIP CARRIAGES.

• DURING ACCIDENT DO NOT RUN AWAY, INFORM POLICE

• KEEP YOURSELF CALM AND HAPPY WHILE DRIVING