Muhammad Sajjad

MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION

THERMAL EXPANSION METHODS

Dimensions of all substances, whether solids, liquids or gases, change with temperature mercury or colored alcohol
Industrial thermometer -200 to 1000 C

if two strips of different metals are bonded together, any temperature change will cause the strip to bend It measures the displacement of the free end for any given temperature change

Very little resistance must be offered to the end of the strip, otherwise the spiral or helix will distort and cause a false reading in the measurement of the displacement Used as temperature indicatorturn a pointer of un-calibrated scale

Some produces electric output to give displacement using LVDT

Fiber optic thermomet er Self study

relationship between volume and pressure according to Boyles law: PV = KT change in pressure of the fluid is measured by a suitable pressure transducer such as the Bourdon tube Capillary tube should be 5 m long to remove environment disturbance The quartz thermometer makes use of the principle that the resonant frequency of a material such as quartz is a function of temperature, and thus enables temperature changes to be translated into frequency changes. The temperaturesensing element consists of a quartz crystal enclosed within a probe (sheath)

ACOUSTIC THERMOMETERS
velocity of sound through a gas varies with temperature according to the equation: v = RT/M It is used to measure cryogenic temperatures. What is cryogenic temperatures??????? Color indicator works on the principle of that the color of various substances and objects changes as a function of temperature Normally used in furnaces to get the info about the temperature The color-sensitive component within these is some form of metal salt (usually of chromium, cobalt or nickel) At a certain temperature,a chemical reaction takes place and a permanent color change occurs in the paint or crayon, although this change does not occur instantaneously but only happens over a period of time.

GROUP PRESENTATIONS RULES(8 %)

Each group will spend 15 minutes on a given topics (no extra time will be given and marks will be deducted upon not completing the task in an appropriate time) An individual or all students of the group can give the presentation After presentation, there will be Questions /Answers session (about 10 minutes).Questions can be asked by any student or teacher No assurance of equal marks in a group Minimum five groups will deliver their presentations in a day Any student, misbehaving during presentation will expel from the class resulting zero number It will be appreciated if you use English as communication otherwise Urdu will be ok

GROUP 1 (DIAPHRAGMS, FIBRE-OPTIC PRESSURE SENSORS, BELLOWS)

Waqas Ahmed Zubair Afzal Yasir Hussain Noman Ali Rashid Iqbal Ali Baig

GROUP 2 (BOURDON TUBE, MANOMETERS)

M Ali Sharif Shakeel Arshad M Tayyab Adnan Asghar Ashfaq Ahmed Awais Ahmed

GROUP 3 (RESONANT-WIRE DEVICES, SPECIAL MEASUREMENT DEVICES FOR LOW PRESSURES)

Hikmatullah Khan Shujat Hussain Abrar Ahmed Ubaidullah Atif Nawaz Waqas Ahmed

GROUP 4 (HIGH-PRESSURE MEASUREMENT (GREATER THAN 7000 BAR, INTELLIGENT PRESSURE TRANSDUCERS)

Tauqeer Ahmed Sohaib Nazar Tanzeel ur Rehman M Haris Zahid Ayaz Sajjad Ali Shah

GROUP 5 (MASS FLOW RATE, CONVEYOR-BASED METHODS, CORIOLIS FLOWMETER, THERMAL MASS FLOW MEASUREMENT) M Talha Arshad Imran Khan Tayyab Ali Naveed Mustafa Ammar Nawaz M Umer Baig

GROUP 6 (VOLUME FLOW RATE, DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE (OBSTRUCTION-TYPE) METERS,)

Asad Mehmood Ahsan Abdullah Bilal Ahmed Mussab bin Misbah Jawad Zafar Hasnat Mubarik

GROUP 7 (VARIABLE AREA FLOWMETERS (ROTAMETERS), POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT FLOWMETERS, TURBINE METERS)

Nasir Rafique Waheed Murad Hanzalla Danish Sikandar Fayyaz Azam

GROUP 8 (ELECTROMAGNETIC FLOWMETERS, VORTEX-SHEDDING FLOWMETERS, )

Farrukh Abbas Waqas Haider Saleh Riaz M umair Waqas Rashid Uzair Ahmed

GROUP 9 (ULTRASONIC FLOWMETERS)

H M Muzammil Tauqeer Ahmed Shawaiz Rafaqat M Usman Baig Saad Jillani Nida Fatima

GROUP 10 (DIPSTICKS, FLOAT SYSTEMS, PRESSURE-MEASURING DEVICES (HYDROSTATIC SYSTEMS))

Zubair Ahmed Khan M Shoaib Tassawer Haneef Abdullah Abbasi Adnan Hamid