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In the old ages before pascal people were use the hammer as a tool for compressing their materials , but after knowing pascals law they started to use this law in many applications and from this applications was the hydraulic press which invented by Joseph Bramah in 1795 in England .
Bramah press
Bramah press
Bramah press is exactly an ideal press in which all the modern presses are still work with its theory (idea) as it contain all the devices which make a hydraulic circuit (manual pump manual valves incompressible fluid hydraulic cylinder )
The answer is (((( YES )))) We can see bramah in many devices now today like :
Types of presses
There is 2 kinds of presses 1st mechanical presses ( which work by gears and motors not with the hydraulic system ) 2nd hydraulic presses ( which depending on hydraulic system in its way of working )
Mechanical punch presses fall into two distinct types, depending on the type of clutch or braking system with which they are equipped. Generally older presses are "full revolution" presses that require a full revolution of the crankshaft for them to come to a stop.
Screw press
A screw press is a type of machine press in which the ram is driven up and down by a screw. The screw shaft can be driven by a handle, or a wheel. It works by using a coarse screw to convert the rotation of the handle or drive-wheel into a small downward movement of greater force.
Screw press
Fly presses
Fly presses are a type of screw press that is operated manually or by motor through a friction drive. When powered they are called a Power Screw-Press. The flywheel or weight arm attached to the screw produces the driving force. The force of stopping the flywheel would produce a theoretically infinite force, however it is limited by the stretch of the heavy frame.
Fly presses
Arbor press
An arbor press is a small hand operated press. It is usually used to do smaller jobs, such as staking, riveting, installing and removing bearings and other press fit work. They are usually rated by the maximum load they can apply The base is usually a cast metal. A ram provides the force; it may be square or round. The ram is usually driven by a rack and pinion setup. Higher force arbor presses have another gear reduction.[1] Forces are usually generated by manual or hydraulic input .
Arbor press
Blanking press
Piercing press
Brake Press
Introduction
Pumping System Characteristics
Head
Resistance of the system Two types: static and friction
destination Stati c head
Static head
Difference in height between source and destination Independent of flow
Static head
source
Flow
Type of Pumps
Centrifugal Pumps
How do they work?
Liquid forced into impeller Vanes pass kinetic energy to liquid: liquid rotates and leaves impeller Volute casing converts kinetic energy into pressure energy
Type of Pumps
Centrifugal Pumps
Rotating and stationary components
Type of Pumps
Centrifugal Pumps
Impeller
Shaft
Transfers torque from motor to impeller during pump start up and operation
Hydraulic Pump
The hydraulic pump transfers mechanical energy into hydraulic energy. The pump takes hydraulic fluid from the reservoir and pushes it into a system as flow. All pumps work on the same basic principle
A vacuum is created at the pump inlet. The higher atmospheric pressure present in the tank pushes oil through the inlet passage and into the inlet chamber. The pump gears then push the oil out the pump outlet.
Gear pump
Vane Pump
When the rotor rotates around the inside of the cam ring, the vanes slide in and out of the rotor slot to maintain the seal against the cam ring. As the vanes move out of the slotted rotor, the volume between the vanes increases. This creates a vacuum that allows oil to flow into the space. As the rotor continues to rotate, a decrease in the distance between the ring and the rotor causes a decrease in volume. The oil is then pushed out of that segment of the rotor into the outlet passage. Vane pumps have a maximum operating pressure of 4000 psi. 3300 psi in mobile applications.
Vane pump
Piston Pump
Piston pump
There are four basic types of flow control elements employed in valve design . move a disc , or plug into or against an orifice ( for example , globe or needle type valve ). Slide a flat , cylindrical , or spherical surface across an orifice ( for example , gate and plug valves ) . Rotate a disc or ellipse about a shaft extending across the diameter of an orifice ( for example , a butterfly or ball valve ) . move a flexible material into the flow passage ( for example , diaphragm and pinch valves )
Types of valves
Gate valve
Plug Valve
Safty Valve
Solenoid Valve
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