Working with MS SQL Server Textbook Chapter 14

Objectives

You will be able to

Use Visual Studio for GUI based interactive access to a Microsoft SQL Server database.

Populate a table with data from an Excel worksheet.

Use sqlcmd for command line interactive access to a Microsoft SQL Server database. Using either Visual Studio or sqlcmd to:

Create and delete tables. Insert new rows into tables. Modify table definitions. Modify existing rows. Retrieve and display table data.

CoE Resources

We all have accounts, with a single database each, on a Microsoft SQL Server on the CoE network:

scorpius.eng.usf.edu

Classroom and lab computers can access scorpius directly.

A VPN connection is required for your home computer or wireless laptop to access scorpius.

or maybe not for wireless access on campus

The Database Server

This is the same machine that we use as a web server. Different server software. Different user accounts.

Be sure to use the username and password that you have been given for the SQL Server

Same username as for the web server (wpusrxx). Different password.

Using Visual Studio

Visual Studio includes database access functions.

View "Server Explorer" Set up a Data Connection

Visual Studio 2010 will not work with scorpius.

The database server version on scorpius is too old! We have to use Visual Studio 2008.

Download Visual Studio 2008

If you don't have Visual Studio 2008 on your computer, you can get a free 90 day trial from Microsoft.
http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=3713

Very large download! .iso file

Can't be installed directly. Must use Virtual CD program or burn a real CD See http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/subscriptions/aa948864.aspx

OR

https://www.dreamspark.com/

Adding a Data Connection in Visual Studio 2008

Right click on Data Connections and select Add Connection.

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Adding a Data Connection in Visual Studio 2008

You will see this the first time you add a data connection.

Adding a Data Connection

Your SQL Server Username

Your SQL Server Password

Test the Connection

Click here

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Adding a Table

We will add a table to the database.

Populate the table with data from an Excel spreadsheet.

Define the table in Visual Studio. Download the table as a CSV file. Open the spreadsheet in Excel. Copy the spreadsheet data in Excel. Paste the data into the database table in Visual Studio. Modify the table definition to add a unique ID column.

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The Addresses Table

We will create a new table to hold the addresses in file Addresses.csv.

http://www.cse.usf.edu/~turnerr/Web_Application_Design/Downloads/ File Addresses.csv

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Adding a Table

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Adding a Table

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Data Types

Common SQL Data Types

int nvarchar(n) char(n) decimal (p,s) datetime

n = max number chars n = number chars p = total number of digits s = number decimal places

Many more!
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Define the Columns

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Save the Table Definition

Save

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Table "Addresses" is Now Present

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Viewing Table Data

Right click on Addresses and select Show Table Data. 19

Viewing Table Data

Table is currently empty.

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Populating a Table

Download file Addresses.csv from the Downloads area of the class web site:
http://www.cse.usf.edu/~turnerr/Web_Application_Design/Downloads/Addresses.csv

Double click to open in Excel

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Excel Worksheet

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Populating the Database Table

We will use the contents of this Excel worksheet to populate the Address table in the database. Click inside the worksheet, then press Ctrl-A to select all.

Press Ctrl-C to copy the entire worksheet to the clipboard.

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Populating the Database Table

Click here to select all of the table.

Press Ctrl-V to paste the clipboard into the table. (This may take a while to complete.)
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Setting an ID Field

It is good practice to include an ID field for every row of a database table.

Unique identifier Normally an Identity column. Value set by server as each row is added

Not present in the Excel worksheet.

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Open Table Definition

Right click on Addresses and select Open Table Definition.

Add column ID as int.

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Add Column ID

Select row and drag to the top.

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Set Column Properties

Make ID an identity column.

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Set Primary Key

Right click on ID and select Set Primary Key.

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Save

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Show Table Data

End of Section 31

The sqlcmd Utility

Command line utility for MS SQL Server databases.

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms162773.aspx

Previous version called osql

Available on classroom and lab PCs.

In Windows command window

Connect to a Database Server Enter SQL commands on the command line. Results output to the console.

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Getting and Installing sqlcmd

Included with Management Studio Express.

Free download from Microsoft

http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=8824

In Visual Studio Help, search for sqlcmd.

Or just google sqlcmd

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The SQL Language

The following slides demonstrate SQL commands using the sqlcmd program. Remember SQL is used everywhere we interact with a database server:

Command line Database management programs Our own programs

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Using sqlcmd

The Server

My Username Password entered here

Execute commands in buffer

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SQL Command Line Example

View a subset of the columns.

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Retrieve Specific Entries

Find all addresses with zip code 33707

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Wildcard Selection
Find all addresses with last name beginning with S

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Wildcard Selection
All addresses with last name containing an s

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Case Sensitivity

SQL commands and keywords are not case sensitive. Data is case sensitive

Characters are stored as upper case or lower case.

Sorting order is a mode.

Default is not case sensitive Search comparisons same as sorting order.

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Case Sensitivity

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Sorting the Output

Zip_Code is a string. So sort is lexicographic, not numeric.

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Zip Codes

Zip codes are sorted legicographically, not numerically.

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Counting Rows
How many addresses are there with zip code 33707?

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Updating Records

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Updating Multiple Fields

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Deleting a Record

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SQL Commands in Visual Studio

We can also use Visual Studio to issue arbitrary SQL commands to the server. On the Data menu select New Query

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SQL Commands in Visual Studio

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SQL Commands in Visual Studio

Click here

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SQL Commands in Visual Studio

Enter SQL command here.

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SQL Commands in Visual Studio

Click here to execute the command.

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SQL Commands in Visual Studio

Results appear below the Query window. 53

Learning SQL

Many books available One that I recommend:

Teach Yourself SQL in 24 Hours (Third Edition)

Ryan Stephens and Ron Plew, SAMS, 2003

Lots of information on the web

A sampling:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL http://www.asp.net/web-forms/videos/sql-2005 http://www.w3schools.com/sql/default.asp http://db.grussell.org/ch3.html

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