President of India

Shri. Pranab Mukherjee

Flow of the Presentation

Position of the President Election of the president of India Duties of the President of India Five Important Powers of President of India

Position of the President:

The President of India is the first citizen and represents the Indian nation and does not, therefore, belong to any particular political party. The President of India is the constitutional head of the State and the government. He/she is the first citizen of India. The administration of the whole country is carried on in his/her name. The constitution has given him a large number of powers.

Election of the president of India

Article 54 of the constitution says: "The President shall be elected by the members of an electoral college consisting of (a) The elected members of both Houses of Parliament and (b) The elected members of the Legislative Assemblies of the States (including National Capital Territory of Delhi)."

Duties and powers of the President of India

The President of India has got a vast range of duties and responsibilities and the President of India has got the supreme power as the first Citizen of India. The President also appoints the Council of Ministers and with the Prime Ministers advice he/she distributes the portfolios to the Council of Ministers.

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The Indian President has to appoint the Prime Minister of India. The Indian President can award a person. The President is also the chief of the Indian Armed Forces. He/ She commands both the Houses of the Parliament and also can postpone the same.

All the Bills passed by the Parliament (in both the Houses) will become laws only after the approval of the President of India. The President has got the power to return any non-money bill for reconsideration. The President can also withhold any bill passed in the Parliament (in both the houses).

Five Important Powers of President of India

I.

Executive Powers of President:

1. The President is the chief executive of the country. Administration of the country is carried out on his name. 2. He is the Supreme Commander of the Indian Armed Forces. 3. He appoints the Prime Minister and the other members of the Council of Ministers at the centre.

4. He makes major appointments in the country, such as Governors of the States, the Judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts, Election Commissioner, Auditor General of India.

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II. Financial Powers of President 1. No Money Bill can be presented before the Lok Sabha without the prior permission of the President.

2. Budget of the Centre Government is presented before the Lok Sabha by the Union Finance Minister only with the permission of the President.
3. He distributes the Income Tax and the Jute Export Tax between the Centre and the States.

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III. Legislative Powers of President 1. The President summons the sessions of the Parliament. He/she can prorogue them too.

2. The President has the power to close the Lok Sabha.

3. No Bill, which has been passed by the Parliament can become a law without the signature of the President. 4. The President has the power to nominate two Indians to the Lok Sabha. He/she can also nominate 12 members of the Rajya Sabha who are famous in the fields of science, art, literature or social service.

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IV. Judicial Powers of President 1. The President appoints the Chief Justice and other Judges of the Supreme Court.

2. He/she also appoints the Judges of High Courts of the Indian States.
3. He/she has the power to decrease the punishment of a criminal. 4. He/she can have the advice of the Supreme Court on any legal or constitutional matter.

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V. Emergency Powers of the President The President of India has three types of Emergency Powers:
1.

State Emergency:In such a situation President's rule is imposed on a State and the Legislative Assembly of that State is dissolved. All the legislative powers of the State go to the Parliament.

2. National Emergency:Under such a situation, the President will have the authority to frame laws for any part of country.

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3. Financial Emergency:In such a situation, the President may decrease the pay and allowances of the government employees. Moreover, the finances of the States also come under the control of the President.

The President is responsible and empowered to appoint:

Governors of States The Chief Justice, other judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts of India. The Attorney General The Comptroller and Auditor General The Chief Election Commissioner and other Election Commissioners The Chairman and other Members of the Union Public Service Commission Ambassadors and High Commissioners to other countries.

In fact, the role of the President of India is having real independent and exclusive power to control the activities of the Parliament of India and the ruling government of India at the centre and the state governments.

During the times when the country is having a civil war or war against a neighboring country, the role of the President of India is very important.

Thank You.