Traffic Management

Traffic Management
Contents

1 General
1.1 Outline of Traffic Management 1.2 Traffic Type 1.3 Call in the Network

2 Outline of Call Completion Ratio (CCR)

2.1 CCR in foreign countries 2.2 CCR in Aden City

3 Traffic Report Publication

3.1 Present state 3.2 Proposed contents of Monthly Traffic Report

4 Proposal on Monthly Meeting on Traffic Report

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Traffic Management 1 General

1.1 Outline of Traffic Management

(1) Traffic type to be managed - Originating outgoing traffic - Internal traffic - Incoming external terminating traffic - Transit traffic

(2) Traffic measurement and analysis - Traffic by traffic type in each exchange - Traffic on route - Call Completion Ratio(CCR) by traffic type in each exchange

(3) Purpose of traffic management - Increase of customers satisfaction - Efficient use of telecommunications network resources - Contribution to future telecommunications network development

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Traffic Management

1.2 Traffic Type

ORG

ORGOEX
INT TRA IEXTE

OEX

TE

IEX

- ORG(Originating Call) is the call that originates in the observed exchange. - IEX(Incoming Call) is the call that originates in the other exchange. - TE(Terminating Call) is the call that terminates in the observed exchange. - INT(Internal Call) is the call that originates and terminates in the other exchange. - OEX(Outgoing External Call) is the call that terminates in the other exchange. - TRA(Transit Call) is the call that originates and terminates in the other exchange. - ORGOEX(Originating Outgoing External Call) is the call that originates in the observed exchange and terminates in the other exchange. - IEXTE(Incoming External Terminate Call) is the call that originates in the other exchange and terminates in the observed exchange.

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Traffic Management

1.3 Call in the Network

(1) Call Status
Success in setting-up of path between calling and called party

Conversation
Called party is free. Called party doesn't answer Calling party disconnects before called party answers. Called party is busy.

Call

Wrong behavior of calling party Network congestion

Calling party makes incomplete dial Calling party dials unavailable or vacant number. Congestion of own exchange Congestion of outer exchange Exchange Facility

Failure in setting-up of path between calling and called party Network technical Fault

Transmission Facility Subscriber Facility

Definition of Call Completion Ratio (CCR) CCR(%) = No. of Calls succeeded in conversation No. of Total Calls

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Traffic Management 1.2 Call in the Network

(2) Call phases and examples of causes of call failure
Call phases A-sub goes off-hook Dial tone delay A-sub receives dial tone A-sub dials B-sub number Dialing time (1) A-sub abandons the call attempt. (2) A-sub makes wrong number. Examples of causes of call failure

(1) A-sub receives no dial tone. (2) Network makes excessive dial tone delay.

The call is routed to its destination Post dialing delay Ringing signal Time to answer Answer Conversation A-sub and B-sub go on hook
Release delay

(1) Network makes misrouting of the call. (2) Network makes excessive through-connection delay. (3) Network has some congestion in an exchange and or a link. (4) Network makes excessive ring back tone delay. (5) A-sub abandons the call attempt. (1) B-sub is engaged in other call. (2) B-sub doesn't answer to the call. (3) B-sub facility is out of order. (4) A-sub disconnects the call before B-sub answers.

Conversation time

Release 5

(1) Network fails in the connection release. (Network can not set up a connection for a new call.)

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Traffic Management 2 Outline of Call Completion Ratio (CCR) 2.1 CCR in foreign countries
(1) CCR in foreign countries
CCR in international call and telephone density 80% 70% CCR(%) 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Indonesia Thailand 45% 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% Singapore Korea Japan Hong Kong Density (Working lines per100inhabitants)

2% Technical Fault Congestion 4% 12% Busy 23% No Answer 10% Incorrect Dial 49% Complete

CCR measured by AT&T, 1991 Density by ITU Year Book, 1992

Aden

Malaysia

CCR in Originating Outgoing Call (Measured by TT&T, 1997)

Country Name

Aden Data: Traffic Report Nov. 2000

(2) Measures to improve No Answer, Busy and Incorrect Dial

(a) No Answer: - Telephone set with automatic answering function - Additional Telephone Service(Call Forwarding,etc) (b) Busy: - Increase of telephone lines - Promotion of use of multi line hunting service in PBAX and Key telephone system - Introduction of Additional Telephone Service (Call Waiting Service, etc) 6 (c) Incorrect Dial - Education of subscribers on how to correctly use telephone - Advertisement of correct telephone numbers to subscribers

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Traffic Management
(3) Further information on the multi line hunting system for PABX and Key telephone system
1) Comparison of terminating traffic capacity between multi line hunting system and individual line select system
(a) Assumption - Model of the network configuration is shown in Figure 1. - Loss probability of 10% is used to calculate terminating traffic capacity. (b) Calculation of terminating traffic capacity in Figure 1 Terminating traffic capacity based on the condition that 5 lines are free in Figure 1 is 2.881 erlang for multi line hunting system and 0.555 erlang for individual line select system, which come from the Table 1. Note that n in Table 1 shows number of circuits, a shows terminating traffic volume by Earlang B formula with p=10%, b shows traffic volume with 0.111*n and c shows a/b in %. Ratio of multi line hunting system to individual line select system at 5 lines is about 5.2 as shown in Table 1. (c) Advantage of multi line hunting system The curved line in Figure 2 shows the ratio of traffic capacity of multi line hunting system to that of individual line select system. The traffic capacity of the multi line hunting system shows about 5 times of that of individual line select system for 5 lines case, about 7 times for 10 lines case and about 8 times for 20 lines case. Table 1 2-1111 2-1112 Exchange 2-1113 PABX 2-1114 2-1115 Extension Figure 1 Network configuration

n 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

a 0.111 0.595 1.271 2.015 2.881 3.758 4.666 5.597 6.546 7.511

b 0.111 0.222 0.333 0.444 0.555 0.666 0.777 0.888 0.999 1.110

c 100% 268% 382% 454% 519% 564% 601% 630% 655% 677%

2) Additional advantage of multi line hunting system

In the multi line hunting system, any office exchange automatically finds out free lines among the grouped lines and surely makes call connection to the PABX. On the other hand, in the individual line select system, a calling party is required to make a call to the free lines, where we have some problems in finding a free line.

20 18 Ratio of multi line hunt system to 16 individual line select system 14 12 10 8 Traffic capacity of multi Traffic capacity of line hunt system 6 individual line select system 4 2 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

900% 800% 700% 600% 500% 400% 300% 200% 100% 0%

Number of lines
Figure 2 Comparison of terminating traffic capacity between multi line hunt system and individual line select system

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Percent of capacity ratio

Earlang

Traffic Management 2.2 CCR in Aden City

(1) Network Structure in Aden City

FETEX-150 Khormaksar
26PCM

OCB-283 Saber OCB-283 Mobile Aden Motorola CDMA Aden

Maala Exchange Building

FETEX-150 Tawahi Sanaa Governorate OCB-283 Tahalir

12PCM 21PCM

OCB-283 Dale OCB-283 Tor Albaha

OCB-283 Hota OCB-283 Hableend

FETEX-150 Maala

12PCM

OCB-283 Maala

Lahj Governorate

OCB-283 Taiz Taiz Governorate

4PCM

44PCM

41PCM

OCB-283 Zinbar FETEX-150 Crater OCB-283 Dar Saad OCB-283 Memdara OCB-283 Jaar Abyan Governorate

FETEX-150 Mansoura
4PCM

20PCM

FETEX-150 Madinat Shaab FETEX-150 Little Aden

7PCM

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Traffic Management
(2) CCR of originating outgoing calls in Aden Network
Congestion Switch Fault 0% 5% Transmission Fault 4%

12%
No Answer Call Attempts: 70,985 Nov. 2000

31%
Complete

39%
Busy 8% Mistake

Source: Traffic Report, November 2000 (OCB 283 in Maala Exchange,Measurement during Nov.25 to Nov.29,2000)
Terminology Call Attempts Complete Mistake Busy No answer Switch Fault Congestion Transmission Fault Meaning Total calls originated by the subscribers connected to the exchange Complete call because a called party answered. Not complete call because a calling party made a mistake in dialing. Not complete call because a called party was engaged in other call. Not complete call because a called party did not answer. Not complete call because a call was blocked due to an exchange fault. Not complete call because a call was blocked due to a route congestion. Not complete call because a call was blocked due to a transmission fault.

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Traffic Management
(3) Study of CCR improvement of originating outgoing calls in Aden

1) Reduction of Busy * Busy rate analysis of calls by destinations (local call, long distance call, mobile call, etc.) * Analysis of calls from subscribers showing high busy rate whether or not they use multi line hunting system. * Analysis of calls from subscribers showing high busy rate whether or not they can increase their telephone lines. * Analysis of calls from subscribers showing high busy rate whether or not they can use call waiting service. * Study of implementation way of measures based on the analysis mentioned above.
2) Reduction of No Answer * No answer rate analysis of calls by destinations (local call, long distance call, mobile call, etc.) * Analysis of calls from subscribers showing high no answer rate whether or not they use telephone sets with automatic answering function. * Analysis of calls from subscribers showing high no answer rate whether or not they can use follow-me service. * Analysis of calls from subscribers showing high no answer rate whether or not they can use voice mail service. * Study of implementation way of measures based on the analysis mentioned above. 3) Reduction of Mistake * Analysis of calls from subscribers showing high mistake rate in their dial process. * Setting up of way of educating subscribers in correct dialing. * Study of implementation way of educating subscribers. 4) Reduction of Congestion * Analysis of traffic congestion by route * Study of implementation way of removing congestion such as increase of traffic capacity or change of traffic routing, etc.

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Traffic Management 3 Traffic Report Publication 3.1 Present state

The Aden branch of PTC monthly publishes the Traffic Report, which includes very important traffic data to increase the customers satisfaction, to contribute to the efficient use of network resources, etc. The Aden branch will be required to utilize the Traffic Report as much as possible for provision of better services and contribution to the efficient use of network resources.

3.2 Proposed contents of Monthly Traffic Report

(1) Contents (Draft) 1. Summary of issues and/or problems of the month 2. Traffic type measurement in the exchanges 3.Number of working lines connected to the exchanges 4. Network configuration in Aden 5. Traffic on routes during busy hour 6. High usage routes during busy hour 7. Call completion ratio (CCR) in each exchange 7.1 CCR in originating outgoing call 7.2 CCR in originating outgoing local call 7.3 CCR in originating outgoing long distance call 7.4 CCR in internal call 7.5 CCR in incoming terminating call 7.6 CCR in transit call 8. Minutes of monthly meeting on Traffic Report

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Traffic Management
(2) Further information on the Contents (Draft) (1/5) 1. Summary of traffic performance of the month - This item briefly describes measures to improve CCR and topics on traffic performance, such as status of CCR, analysis of causes deteriorating CCR, etc. - Some samples are shown below: (1) Average CCR in originating call exceeds 50%. The average CCR in originating call showed 52% this month. Main reason comes from decrease of Mistake, which will show that the PTC campaign educating subscribers works well. (2)High congestion in internal call in XX exchange Average congestion for internal call is 0.5%, but congestion in XX exchange shows 6%. The reason comes from the signal control failure in the route between XX exchange and its RSU on 3rd May. (3) Removal of congestion cause in XX exchange Replacement of signal control cards in the exchange recovered the failure. (4) Others

2. Traffic type measurement in the exchanges - This item shows the traffic volume by traffic type in each exchange. - Some samples are shown below:

Traffic type measurement

Exchange ORG INT OEX IEX TRA TE Maala FETEX-150 Mansoura FETEX-150 Crater FETEX-150 Maala OCB-283 ORG+IEX

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Traffic Management
(2) Further information on the Contents (Draft) (2/5)

3.Number of working lines connected to each exchange - This item shows the status of each exchange such as line capacity, working lines connected, etc. - Some samples are shown below:
Number of working lines connected to each exchange
Governorate Office code Exchange MSU/RSU Line capacityWorking lines of connected lines % 24,28 Maala FETEX150 MSU 12,600 9,078 72% 20 Tawahi FETEX150 RSU 6,100 3,017 49% 23 Khormaksar FETEX150 RSU 11,142 4,947 44% 34,38 Al Mansoura FETEX150 MSU 20,248 17,412 86% 36 Madinat Shaab FETEX150 RSU 1,022 880 86% Aden 37 Little Aden FETEX150 RSU 1,973 1,918 97% 25,26 Crater FETEX150 MSU 11,038 10,199 92% 22 Maala OCB-283 MSU 30 Dar Saad OCB-283 RSU 33 Memdara OCB-283 RSU 60 Zingbar OCB-283 RSU Abyan 61 Jaar OCB-283 RSU 50 Hota OCB-283 RSU 51 Saber OCB-283 RSU Lahj 53 Dale OCB-283 RSU 57 Hableen OCB-283 RSU

4. Network configuration in Aden - This item shows the network structure in Aden. - Some sample is shown in the slide 8.

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Traffic Management
(2) Further information on the Contents (Draft) (3/5) 5. Traffic on routes during busy hour - This item shows traffic status on each route. - Some samples are shown below:
Exchange Route name name Maala MLMRB MLCRB MLKHB MLTAB MLMLB MLMOB MLTAHB MLTIB Mansuora MRMLB MRCRB MRMDB MRADB Equiupped Working Carried Offered Traffic limit Traffic load Circuit circuits circuits traffic traffic at p=1% performance availabilty 1320 1320 1100 1100 1188 93% 100% 1230 1200 950 950 1107 86% 98% 780 780 710 710 702 101% 100% 630 630 450 450 567 79% 100% 360 360 280 280 324 86% 100% 360 120 1320 600 120 210 360 120 1260 600 120 210 295 80 1050 530 100 188 295 80 1050 530 100 188 324 108 1188 540 108 189 91% 74% 88% 98% 93% 99% 100% 100% 95% 100% 100% 100%

(1) Route name, for instance, MLMRB is given as follows; ML means Maala, MR means Mansoura and B means the circuit is used in both way operation. (2) Carried traffic can be got from the measured traffic data. (3) Offered traffic can be calculated by use of Ealrang-B formula. (4) Traffic limit at p=1% can calculated by use of Earlang-B formula. (5) Traffic load performance is calculated by the rate of offered traffic to traffic limit at p=1%. (6) Traffic availability is calculated by the rate of working circuits to equipped circuits.

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Traffic Management
(2) Further information on the Contents (Draft) (4/5) 6. High usage routes during busy hour -This item shows to pay special attention on the high usage traffic routes over 100% in traffic load performance of 5. Traffic on routes during busy hour.

7. Call completion ratio (CCR) in each exchange 7.1 CCR in originating outgoing call

7.2 CCR in originating outgoing local call

7.3 CCR in originating outgoing long distance call 7.4 CCR in internal call 7.5 CCR in incoming terminating call 7.6 CCR in transit call

- This item shows the CCR in each traffic type. - Some samples are shown in the following slide.

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Traffic Management
(2) Further information on the Contents (Draft) (5/5)
Exchange Call Complet Transmission Transmissio Busy No Answer Switching name attempts e calls Congestion n Signal Maala Originating outgoing call Mansoura Crater Maala Originating outgoing local callMansoura Crater Maala Originating outgoing Mansoura long distance call Crater Maala Internal call Mansoura Crater Maala Incoming terminating call Mansoura Crater Maala Transit call Mansoura Crater Traffic type
Exchange Call Complet Transmission Transmissio Busy No Answer Switching name attempts e calls Congestion n Signal Maala 100% Originating outgoing call Mansoura 100% Crater 100% Maala 100% Originating outgoing local callMansoura 100% Crater 100% Maala 100% Originating outgoing Mansoura 100% long distance call Crater 100% Maala 100% Internal call Mansoura 100% Crater 100% Maala 100% Incoming terminating call Mansoura 100% Crater 100% Maala 100% Transit call Mansoura 100% Crater 100% Traffic type

Percent (%) of calls

Number of calls

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Traffic Management 4 Proposal on Monthly Meeting on Traffic Report

(1) Meeting Members -Top management of the Aden branch of PTC -Chief of Section in Operation, Rural, Transmission, Switching and Cable Network -Traffic Section is the Secretariat of the Meeting. (2)Meeting Agenda - Presentation on summary of Monthly Traffic Report - Discussion on presentation - Report and discussion on the evaluation of implemented measures - Proposal and discussion on new improvement measures (3) Minutes of Meeting - Minutes of the meeting is made. -The minutes is involved in the Monthly Traffic Report.

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