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Project Ideas
Generation of ideas Monitoring the environment Corporate appraisal Profit potential of industries : Porter model Scouting for project ideas Preliminary screening Project rating index Sources of positive net present value On being an entrepreneur
Generation of Ideas
To stimulate the flow of ideas, the following are helpful SWOT analysis Clear articulation of objectives
Business Environment
Competitor
Centre for Financial Management, Bangalore
Corporate Appraisal
Marketing and distribution
Porter Model
According to Michael Porter the profit potential of an industry
depends on the combined strength of the five basic competitive forces as shown below
Forces Driving Industry Competition
Potential Entrants Threat of New Entrants Bargaining Power of Suppliers
THE INDUSTRY Rivalry Among Existing Firms
Suppliers
Buyers
Decline stage
Investment in the pioneering stage, per se, may have a low
Most products evolve through a life cycle. The broad stages and the investment returns in these stages are as follows:
Stage Investment Returns May have negative NPV but may create options for participating in growth stage
Pioneering
Rapid growth
Maturity Decline
Positive NPV
NPV - neutral Negative
Experience Curve
The experience curve shows how the cost per unit behaves with respect to the accumulated volume of production
100
80
60 40
10 20 40 80
The key factors that contribute to decline in unit cost with respect to the accumulated volume of production are learning effects, technological improvements, and economies of scale
Centre for Financial Management, Bangalore
Preliminary Screening
Compatibility with the promoter Consistency with governmental priorities Availability of inputs Adequacy of market Reasonableness of cost Acceptability of risk level
Add all the factor scores to get the overall project rating index
Economies of scale Product differentiation Cost advantage Marketing reach Technological edge Government policy
Are my goals well defined ? Personal aspirations Business sustainability and size Tolerance for risk Do I have the right strategy? Clear definition Profitability and potential for growth Durability Rate of growth
Can I execute the strategy Resources Organizational infrastructure The founders role
Centre for Financial Management, Bangalore
Qualities and Traits of a Successful Entrepreneur It appears that a successful entrepreneur has the following qualities and traits :
Willingness to make sacrifices Leadership Decisiveness Confidence in the project Marketing orientation Strong ego Open-mindedness
Summary
Identification of promising investment opportunities requires imagination, sensitivity
to environmental changes, and a realistic assessment of what the firm can do. To stimulate the flow of investment ideas, the following are helpful: (i) SWOT analysis, (ii) clear articulation of objectives, and (iii) conducive climate The business environment which needs to be monitored regularly to identify investment opportunities, may be divided into six broad sectors: economic sector, government sector, technological sector, socio-demographic sector, competition sector, and supplier sector. A realistic appraisal of corporate strengths and weaknesses is essential for identifying investment opportunities which can be profitably exploited. The broad areas of corporate appraisal are: market and distribution, production and operations, research and development, corporate resources and personnel, and finance and accounting. According to Michael Porter the profit potential of an industry depends on the combined strength of the following five basic competitive forces(i) threat of new entrants , (ii) rivalry among existing firms, (iii) pressure from substitute products,(iv) bargaining power of buyers, and (v) bargaining power of sellers. Good project ideas- the Centre for Financial are elusive. So a wide variety of sources key to success Management, Bangalore
It is possible to develop a long list of project ideas. For the preliminary screening of these ideas, the following aspects may be looked into: compatibility with the promoter, consistency with governmental priorities, availability of inputs, adequacy of market, reasonableness of cost, and acceptability of risk level. When a firm evaluates a large number of project ideas regularly, it may he helpful to streamline the process of preliminary screening by employing a project rating index. It appears that there are six main entry barriers which result in positive NPV projects: economies of scale, product differentiation, cost advantage, marketing reach, technological edge, and government policy. Every entrepreneur must answer the following questions : Are my goals well defined ? Do I have the right strategy ? Can I execute the strategy ? It appears that a successful entrepreneur has the following qualities and traits: willingness to make sacrifices, leadership, decisiveness, confidence in the project, marketing orientation, and a strong ego.