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BSS Architecture
Public Switched Telephone Network
BSS
TRAU (TCU) e-Cell BTS
NSS MSC
A Interface
Radio Interface
Ater Interface
OMC-R
BSC
MS
Abis Interface
Sun
StorEdge A5000
Radio Interface
Internet
MS
Capabilities of a BTS
Traffic
Reception
Ciphering
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Interleaving
Q 3/4 /2 /4 0 0 I
Demodulation
Modulation
Call clearing Power Control
Measurement preprocessing
Handover
Data
Short messages
Functions of BTS
Modulation and demodulation, equalisation Ciphering /deciphering Coding/decoding, Interleaving/ de-interleaving Frequency hopping Radio measurements preprocessing
Handover
Power control Call clearing
Coupling system
Backup
LAPD
LAPD
Multi-cell site
Duplication
(Full multi-drop) DSC DSC DSC
DSC
COM 1
COM 2
COM 3
COM 4
Link optimization
Architecture
Antenna
Coupling System
Radio Interface
BSC
Abis interface
BTS HARDWARE
SUBSYSTEM TRX MOTOROLA CTU NORTEL DRX HUAWEI DTRU
BCF
COUPLER POWER
ANTENNA 4 PORTS DUAL BAND ANTENNA GSM 900 & GSM 1800 BANDS (MHZ)
TRI-BAND ANTENNAS GSM 900 / 1800 & 3G UMTS-2GHz band or 2000MHz One ANTENNA > 2 RF CABLES = ONE MAIN CABLE (TX / RX)+ ONE RX DIVERSITY CABLE UMTS = UNIVERSAL MOBILE TELEPHONY SYSTEM (7.6Mbps) GPRS = GENERAL PACKET RADIO SYSTEM(115kBPS) EDGE = ENHANCED DATA RATES FOR GSM EVOLUTION(270Kbps)
A Base Common Function Module performing all the common functions of the site. A coupling System (one per Cell) One or Several Tranceivers TRX( one per TDMA frame)
Generic Architecture
BTS (site)
TRX n-1
TRX n
TRX n
TRX n-1
BSC
TRX 2 TRX 1
TRX 2 TRX 1
Base cabinet
Extension cabinets
A BTS may consists of one or more cabinets: The cabinet that contains the BCF (plus TRXs and Coupling systems) is called a Base cabinet.
BCF
Abis interface management Alarm management Fans GSM time Power supply Temperature Audible alarm BSC BTS
Signaling concentration
Warning
Backup Switch B
In service
Synchro A
Synchro B
The purpose of the BCF is: Abis interface management GSM time distribution External alarms Operation & Maintenance
TRX
Generic Architecture
TRX
TX PA
BCF
FP (Frame Processor)
RX
Coupling system
Coupling System
TX Coupler TX (Hybrid or Cavity) Downlink
-1 dB
TX band Duplex filter shift RX band filter
Duplexer
RX Uplink
-1 dB
RX Splitter
TX1
TX2
TX3
TX4
RX1
RX2
RX3
RX4
Four TRX
There are two types of Transmission coupler but only one type can be ussed in the same BTS. Hybrid or Cavity couplers.
The Hybrid combiner is a broad band coupler enabling the combination of two RF signals generated by two transmitters into one signal, with high flexibility in frequency management.
The minimum frequency separation required between TXs connnected to one coupler is 200 Khz. The receive coupling is achieved by means of two components LNA and the RX splitter.
RX splitter is aimed at at pre-amplifying the signal received from the duplexer, and splitting it into several outputs to drive the receivers. For diversity purposes, the RX Splitters are duplicated onto the diversity receive path. The duplexer allows the connection of the transmission and reception paths onto a single antenna. The device mainly consists of two pass band filters tuned on the transmit and receive frequency bands.
(single multi-drop)
BS
STAR Connection
LOOP Connection
MS
(full multi-drop)
25 / 35 W
25 W
25 W
25 W
30 W
30 W
2.5 W
20 W
O1E O2 2O4 2O2_2 S11 2S22 2S2_2
1W
900
O3 2S222 2S34
O1 2O2
2O2
O2
O3 S21 S111
O2 2O4 2O2_2
O2 2O4 2O2_2
20 / 30 W
20 W
20 W
20 W
30 W
30 W
O6 S42 S33 S222
2.5 W
20 W
O1E O2 2O4 2O2_2 S11 2S22 2S2_2
1W
1800
O3 2S222 2S34
O1 2O2
2O2
O3 S21 S111
O2 2O4 2O2_2
O2 2O4 2O2_2
20 W
20 W
O3 2S222 2S34
20 W
1S111 2S222
20 W
O1 2O2
20 W
2O2
2.5 W
O2
20 W
O1E O2 S11
1W
O2 2O4
1900
2O8 3S444
Nominal power at TX (PA) output O1E = O1 Extendible with two DRX 2O2_2 = dual band 900_1800
S8000 Indoor
30W/30 W45 W 60W/30W
S8000 Outdoor
30W/30 W45 W 60W/30W
S12000 Indoor
30W/30 W45 W 60W/30W
S12000 Outdoor
30W/30 W45 W 60W/30W
30 W / 45 W / 60 W
O8 2O16 1900 S44 S422 3S888
30 W / 45 W / 60 W
O8 2O16 S44 S422 3S888
30 W / 45 W / 60 W
O12 2O24 S66 S444 3S121212 (1)
30 W / 45 W / 60 W
O12 2O24 S66 S444 3S121212 (1)
Coverage Solution
Capacity
ABM
ABM
ABM
BTS 18000
S12000
S12000 S12000 Outdoor Indoor
S8000
S8000 Outdoor S8000 Indoor S8006
Coverage
100 mm
CMCF
SKP BIST
+5 V RDY
RRA
NOS
0 1
LFA
ABIS ON BIST
+5 V RDY RUN
RST
300 mm
HLDVR LOCKED OVEN CLK0 CLK1 CLK2
CPCMI boards
TX LNK COL RX
CPCMI E1
ETH
The Compact Base Common Function module is composed of six boards One BCF Interconnection Three Compact PCM Interface Two compactMain commonfunction The CBCF module manages Abis PCM interfaces,Signalling concentration (Lap D ) and Routing functions BTS synchronisation The RECAL board is incharge of collecting and managing internal and external alarms.
BCF View/Shelf/Placement
S8000E TRX
Functional view
(e)DRX (e)TRX (e)DRX digital
TX Logic
BCF
Frame Processor
RX Main RX Diversity
Where : For DRX: DRX digital part = DRX Logic board + Power Supply board, DRX Radio part = DRX Radio board + Power Supply board. For eDRX eDRX digital part = e-LDRX Digital board, eDRX Radio part = e-RDRX Radio board.
The e-DRX is designed to work in one of the frequency range used by the BTS (GSM 850,GSM900,E-GSM 900,GSM 1800 and GSM 1900), the personalisation is done by the radio board. The (e) DRX is split into. a DRX digital part including a frame processor, a TX logic (GMSK and 8-PSK or only GMSK modulation) and a local time base, working for all frequency bands.
A DRX Radio part including a low power driver and dual receiver
The use of DRX by separating the TX power Amplifier (PA) from the rest of the transmit chain, allows different power classes of transmission to be envisaged.
Characteristics of the ePA: Available in GSM 850, 900, 1800 and 1900 MHz frequency bands. RF Output power: 30 W Characteristics of the HePA: Only available in GSM 1900 MHz frequency band. RF Output power: 60W for GMSK modulation. 45W for 8-PSK modulation.
The introduction of EDGE requires two new boards: An Edge driver+Receiver+Frame processor(eDRX) board. An Edge power Amplifier (e PA ) board The e DRX is fully backward and forward compatible with the current DRX versions. A combination of DRX, eDRX,PA and ePA (or HePA) can coexist in a single BTS configuration (same cabinet and / or same cell)The association of both eDRX +e PA or HePA) enables the EDGE capability of the TRX.
S8000 Coupling
1 - Standard Coupling
1 TRX
Duplex. Main LNA PA 1 Splitter Div. Duplex. LNA Splitter
2 TRX
Duplex. Main LNA PA 1 Splitter Div. Duplex. LNA Splitter PA 2
H2D
Main
3 TRX
Div. LNA PA 3 PA 1 H2D H2D
Main
4 TRX
Div.
LNA PA 3 PA 4 H2D
LNA PA 1 PA 2
LNA
Splitter Splitter
PA 2 Splitter Splitter
H4D
Main LNA
5 - 8 TRX
LNA
Div.
H4D
PA 1
PA 2
PA 3
PA 4 Splitter
Splitter
Splitter
PA Splitter 5
PA 6
PA 7
PA 8
Hybrid couplers 2 ways and Duplexer (H2D):up to 2 TRXs Hybrid couplers 4ways and Duplexer (H4D):up to 4 TRXs (8 TRXs per cell) Duplexer only (Dp) 1 TRX ( 2 TRX s per cell) Reception multicoupling is aimed at preamplifying the signal received from the duplexer and splitting it into several outputs to drive the DRX receivers.
S8000 Coupling
2 - Cavity Coupling: Two Antenna per Cell
. Duplex Main CC8 Duplex Div.
LNA
PA 1
PA
2
PA
3
PA
4
PA 5
PA 6
PA 7
PA 8
LNA
Splitter
Splitter
5 - 8 TRX
Splitter
Splitter
Combiner Type Dp
CC8
Insertion Loss
-1 dB
-5 dB*
* 4.8 dB for a 1200 kHz spacing, 5.3 dB for a 600 kHz spacing
S8000 Coupling
3 - Mixed Coupling: H2D and CC8
1st cabinet
1 H2D Main LNA PA PA 2 Splitter Splitter PA 3 PA PA 4 5 PA H2D H2D LNA PA PA 8 6 7 Splitter Splitter Div. H2D
5 - 8 TRX
2nd cabinet
Duplex. Main
Duplex.
CC8
Div.
LNA
PA 1
PA 2
PA 3
PA 4
PA 5
PA 6
PA 7
PA 8
LNA
Splitter
Splitter
5 - 8 TRX
Splitter
Splitter
8 TRXs (DRX + PA) in each cabinet Compact BCF integrated in the first cabinet Optimized ratio size versus capacity:
Floorspace: 2 x 0.90 m2 Cabinet size = 170 x 75 x 45 cm (72 l / TRX) Power Supply: -48 V dc PA TX Power: 30 W RX sensitivity: -110 dBm Extended operating temperature range: -5 C to +45 C Cabinet weight: Fully equipped = 250 kg Empty (pre-cabled) = 110 kg
S8000 Downlink
CBCF
CPCMI
To/ from BSC
DRX
CTRL_PA
Coupling System
CPCMI CPCMI
PCM Interface
TX Driver
PA
S p l i t
Frame Processor
DRX Radio
RF Combiner
RX Main RX Diversity
S p l i t
RECAL
Alarms Concentration
COMICO
COMbiner InterCOnection
S8000 Uplink
CBCF
DRX
CTRL_PA
Coupling System
CPCMI
To/ from BSC
CPCMI
CPCMI
PCM Interface
TX Driver
PA
S p l i t S p l i t
Frame Processor
DRX Radio
RF Combiner
RX Main RX Diversity
RECAL
Alarms Concentration
COMICO
COMbiner InterCOnection