Ms.

Adilen @ Lucia Suil

adilen@polikk.edu.my

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1.4. DRAINAGE
Type of water:-
Surface water – rainwater which have been
accumulated at the earth’s surface
Ground water - begins with rain and snowmelt
that seeps or infiltrates into the ground. The
amount of water that seeps into the ground varies
widely from place to place according to the type of
land surface that is present. In porous surface material
that water readily seeps through, such as sand or
gravel, 40 to 50 %of the rain and snowmelt may seep
into the ground.

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1.4.1. Ground Water Drainage
Purpose:
To improve discharge water inside the
ground so that water level will always at the
lower level and go deep below the surface
area.

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1.4.1. Ground Water Drainage
The significant/important of discharge water
are:-

III. To improve soil stability

IV. Avoid flooding
V. To avoid higher level of moisture content at
the ground area
VI. To avoid higher level of moisture content at
the construction’s surrounding area

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1.4.2. Effects of water to the
soil
i. Its make excavation works difficult and
costly
ii. Workers safety were disturb
iii. Work in wet area and not comfortable
caused low production in work
iv. Framework very hard to install at the
excavated area because the excavation
work is not align (straight), muddy and etc.
v. Wet area can caused water content in the
cement also high and the cement strength
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will decrease.
1.4.3. Method of lowering or
discharging underground water level by:
i. Ground water pipe
ii. Pumping method
iii. Well level/well point
iv. Vertical well
v. Geotextile

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i. Ground water pipe
Surface water cut-off

Back fill

Coarse Coarse
granular granular
filter filter
Diameter Fine
Fine of pipe granular
granular minimum bedding
bedding (a) (b)

Perforated pipes as surface and subsoil drains

b.Surface water and ground water drain
c.Ground water drain

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Pumping method
Build a temporary drain from where the water
storage and discharge it into the drainage

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