A Seminar on

IP-TV
[Internet Protocol-Television]
For Academic Session 2007-2008

Submitted to: Prof. R. L. DUA (HOD) Deptt. Of Elec. & Comm. Engg. YIT, Jaipur

Submitted by: Hemant Sharma B.E. Final Year Elec. & Comm. Engg.

YAGYAVALKYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY YIT Lane, Opp.Chokhi Dhani, RIICO Indust. Area, Sitapura, Jaipur-302022

ABOUT TV !
Television (TV): specifies the medium of communication that operates through the transmission of information to the users as pictures and sounds for their interpretation & entertainment.

MODES OF TV TRANSMISSION
Historic

view-TV transmission from towers, distribution over a cable n/w or beamed directly from Satellite (VSAT). Modern view-TV, Telephone services & high speed internet access will be delivered over present broadband DSL Network on a single connection.

Types Of Transmission
MULTICASTING- A multicast stream is sent to a multicast group internet address. When a user selects a live channel, a request to join the group of viewers associated with the relevant multicast address is sent from the set top box to the equipment in the local telephone exchange. UNICASTING- A video-on-demand service is unique to each viewer & delivered as a unicast stream. It is sent to a single internet address in response to a request from the receiver.

Evolution [of the TV]

IPTV Evolution > IPTV = Redefinition of Broadcast
IPTV Digital, HDTV 16:9 aspect ratio

NTSC Color Standard

Electronic TV 4:3 aspect ratio Mechanical Televisor 7:3 aspect ratio

t
1884-1928 1935 1953 2000 2006

The Origin of IP-TV

CONVERGENCE
IP-TV

CABLE (VIDEO) MEDIA

TELCO (VOICE) TELECOM

ISP (DATA) IT

IPTV essentially has two components: Part 1: Internet Protocol (IP): specifies the format of packets and the addressing scheme. The protocol establishes a virtual connection between a destination and a source. IP allows you to address a package of information and drop it in the system, but theres no direct link between you and the recipient. Part 2: Television (TV): specifies the medium of communication that operates through the transmission of pictures and sounds. We all know TV, but here we are referring to the services that are offered for the TV, like linear and on-demand programming.

Definition of IP-TV

Technologies involved in IP-TV :

1. Broadband The key element
As per TRAI: An always-on data connection that is able to support interactive services, and has the capability of minimum download speed of 256 kbps Note: This definition for throughput may undergo up gradation in the future.

2. xDSL

xDSL Family Tree

Symmetric DSL Asymmetric DSL
Provide identical data rates upstream & downstream
Provide relatively lower rates upstream but higher rates downstream

Four main variations of xDSL exist:

ADSL-Asymmetrical Digital Subs Line HDSL-High bit/data rate Digital Subs Line SDSL-- Symmetric Digital Subs Line VDSL-Very-high-data-rate Digital Subs Line

Some DSL Standards

Type Max speed Downstream (Mbps) Max speed Upstream (Mbps)

ADSL
ADSL2 ADSL2+ VDSL VDSL2

8
12 24 52 100

1.0
3.5 3.5 12 100

ADSL Modulation

Voice

Upstream

Downstream

No of Bits

16

64

15

37

38

255

25

138 139

1104 276 kHz Downstream Tone

69 kHz Frequency (KHz) Upstream Tone

ADSL2+ Potential
Data Rate, Mbps (downstream)
24

Enhancements to traditional ADSL Boost Maximum performance (Down/Up) 12Mbps/1Mbps or 8Mbps/3Mbps Improved DSL Access to both Residential and Business users
ADSL2 8

ADSL2+ Feature Approved by ITU-T in July 2002 Operate within 2.2Mhz spectrum Minimized disturbance to/from ADSL

ADSL2+ 12

Provides ADSL service over longer loop lengths

ADSL

ADSL2(annex L) 6 Km

1 Km

2 Km

3 Km

4 Km

5 Km

Loop Length, Km

ADSL2+ Potential

Basic Architecture of ADSL

Extension of ADSL to IP-TV

Line RJ 11 Splitter RJ 11 RJ 11 RJ 11 ADSL MODEM RJ 45 Line RJ 11 RJ 11 Splitter RJ 11 RJ 11 ADSL MODEM RJ 45 RJ 45

Single User with Voice and Data Line RJ 11 Splitter RJ 11 RJ 11 ADSL MODEM RJ 45

Single User with Voice, Data and Video

RJ 45 STB AV Port

Switch

Multi user Business Customer

Triple Play
Video

ADSL Modem

IPTV Set Top Box (STB)

Landline

ADSL Splitter

Internet

Voice service

Circuit Diagram of Splitter

DSL

highpass filter

LINE

Splitter Separates the 300 Hz to 3500 Hz voice channel from upstream and downstream channels Reduces traffic congestion Pass voice, dial tone, ringing and on/off hook signals Consists of a lowpass filter (LPF) for POTS and a highpass filter (HPF) for upstream/downstream channels Passive device

lowpass filter

TELE

IP-TV NETWORK ARCHITECTURE

COMPRESSION TECHNOLOGY
H.264 is mainly used It has 50% more compression efficiency as compared to MPEG-2 Picture quality is retained at low bit rates It enables the broadcast of HD over IPTV

Comparison between H.264 & MPEG2 H.264

Variety of entropy schemes used Smaller block size varies (4*4,16*16) Have in-block deblocking Computationally demanding Supports HDTV Transmission Resolution of 2000,000 pixels Broadcast in 16:9 format

MPEG2
Fixed entropy technique used Fixed block size (16*16) No such feature Computationally less demanding Supports SDTV Transmission Resolution of 210,000 pixels Broadcast in 14:3 format

SECURITY ISSUES
DIGITAL RIGHTS MANAGEMENT(DRM)
WATERMARKING

Content Services in Triple Play

Broadcast type

IPTV Pay TV Hi-Fi Radio Electronic Programme Guide (EPG) Multicast Streaming Live Streaming for VOD Progressive Downloads(Video , gaming,music downloads)

On Demand type

Interactive type

Interactive VOD Scheduled Play-out( n-VOD) Scheduled Capture ( n-PVR) Client side Personal Video Recording Pay per View(PPV) Games on Demand Time Shifted TV Others ( Music Download,Music of Demand,Karaoke on Demand,TV based internet access, caller ID pop up)

Interactive TV Video Conferencing Interactive Online Network Gaming Interactive E-Learning Interactive E-Shopping Tele-Medicine

Internet and Voice types

VoIP Browsing on TV E-mail/SMS/MMS from TV Caller ID Popup

User Experience
Recommendations, Rating, Time Boxing A Guide That Actually Guides You!

Advantages of IPTV
Traditional TV Distribution IPTV

Proprietary STB lease

Cheaper STB

Proprietary systems Tied to single STB vendor technology roadmap

Scale efficiencies and merchant components will ensure cheaper devices and better availability Thin client will be embedded in various devices (such as XBox) Targeted custom TV services and commerce Collection of usage data Simplified integration of IP content and services (ITV - weather, games, photos, music etc. on TV)

Broadcast architecture

1:1 communication will enable

No 1:1 potential without monumental upgrade cost Video delivery separate from data Difficult to integrate with Web/PC content and services Would need to shift analog subs to digital to free up bandwidth for IP video (hence free digital STBs offers to move subs off of analog spectrum) Shifting to IP Video requires new IP-STB

Little or no interoperability

TV integrated with broadband home devices

The IP STB is the TVs gateway to digital music, home videos and photos

IPTV Reinvents Entertainment in the Home

WHY IP-TV ?
Analogue Era
Film, Tape Signals Scheduled Push Channels Closed Networks

Digital Era
Data streams, Files Packets On-Demand Pull Programs, Clips Open Networks

The Forces are Right

Bandwidth Requirements New compression technologies reduce bandwidth required
Global demand speeds innovation and drives down the cost curve Global Development Deployment Costs New distribution architectures allow delivery of higher bandwidth at a lower cost These developments create video and consumer data growth opportunities

Growth Potential

Thank You !