1.

6 ACADEMIC THEORY
Academic theory focuses on HRM. It works on the thought that humans re not machines and there should be an interdisciplinary examination of people in the

workplace.

4 FIELDS OF HRM
Strategic business partner. Change agent. Employee champion. Administration.

1.7 CRITICAL ACADEMIC THEORY

In 1937, Max horkheimer of the Frankfurt school of sociology defined critical theory in his essay Traditional and critical theory. It is a social theory oriented toward critiquing and changing society as a whole, in contrast to traditional theory oriented only to understanding or explaining it.

CORE CONCEPTS OF HORKHEIMERS CRITICAL ACADEMIC THEORY

The theory should be aimed at acting at totality of society in its historical perspective (i.e. how it came to be configured at a specific point in time). That critical theory should act in a way to improve the understanding of society by integrating all the major units of social sciences, which includes bit of geography, economics, history, political

science etc.

1.8 BUSINESS PRACTICE

Business practices can be defined as, methods , processes, procedures and rules employed by a firm in pursuit of its objectives. Human resources management comprises of these processes that can be performed by line-managers or departments. Workforce planning. Recruitment. Induction and orientation. Skills management. Training and development. Personal administration. wage or salary administration. Time management.

Travel management (sometimes assigned to accounting rather than HRM).

Payroll (sometimes assigned to accounting rather than HRM). Administration of Employees benefits. Personal cost planning. Performance appraisal

1.9 CAREERS
In the globalised era, organizations have realized that the need of the hour is to have skilled, well- trained and highly motivated staff to help the growth of the company. Organization invest time and money in the welfare and benefit of the employees because they see merit in such activites.

PROFESSIONAL CAREER IN HR.

Corporate HRM. Training and development. recruitment consulting. HR consulting. Career counseling.

1.10 PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

Society for human resource management (SHRM). The Australian human resources institute (AHRI). the chartered institute of personal and development (CIPD).

The international public management association for HR (IPMA-HR).

Management association of Nepal (MAN). The international personal management association of Canada (IPMA-Canada). The American council on international personal (ACIP).