SEMINAR

ON

Processing of Vegetable Crops

Presented By
Chaudhari Ganesh Vasudeo Seminar Incharge Dr. P. K. Nagre Course No. : VSC-591 ( Master Seminar )

UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF HORTICULTURE PGI, Dr. PDKV, AKOLA

Contents of seminar

1 2 3
4

Definitions & Background Information

Need & Importance of Processing Vegetables and their Processed Product Demand drivers for processed Vegetable Present status of India in Processing sector Research Support in India and specifically in MH. Scope and Problems in processing sector

5
6

7 8

Conclusion

Definitions and Background Information

( Glossary of Horti. )

Vegetables It refers to those herbaceous plants of which some portion( Roots, stem, leaves, flowers, fruits, etc ) is eaten either cooked or raw as a main part of meal, side dish or appetizer.

Processing Processing refers to deliberate activity, which changes a commodity into a more useable form with value addition.

Background

Acute Food deficiency

Green Revolution

Food Self sufficiency

Present Indias Position

Next ?

GROUP

EXAMPLES

CAUSES OF POSTHARVEST LOSSES

Mechanical injuries

Root and Stem vegetables

Carrots Beets Onions Garlic Potato Sweet Potato

Improper curing
Sprouting and rooting Water loss Chilling injury Decay

Leafy vegetables

Palak Spinach Cabbage

Water loss
Loss of green colour (yellowing) Mechanical injuries Relatively high respiration rates Decay

Immature-fruit vegetables

Cucumbers Squash Eggplant Peppers Okra

Tomatoes Melons

Over-maturity at harvest
Water loss Bruising and other mechanical injuries Chilling injury Decay

Mature-fruit vegetable

Bruising Over-ripeness and excessive softening at harvest Water loss Chilling injury Compositional changes Decay

Chain of Efforts
Human Food
Harvest Yield

Variety Nourishment Pest Disease cultural operations

Post Harvest Losses

Crop Plant (Vegetable)

Hard Work/ Input

Result/ Output

Final Utility

Post harvest losses of vegetables 25 - 40 %

Increasing population & Food security

Processing of vegetable save post harvest losses.

Increase per capita availability without bringing additional land under vegetable cultivation.

Need and Importance Of

Vegetable Processing

To avoid quality deterioration

To protect food safety longer

Need of Vegetable Processing

Seasonal nature of vegetable-Price fluctuation

For sustainable Golden Revolution

Preserve nutrients for longer use

Importance of Processed food

Hygiene maintain

Ready-To-Eat nature

Increase palatability

Easy to handle and carry with

Vegetables and Processed products

Sr. No. 1

Vegetables Tomato

Processed Product Sauce, Chutney, Pickle, Puree, Paste, Canned tomato, Juice, Soup, Jam

Potato

Chips, Cake, Finger fries, Canned Potato, Starch,

3 4

Cauliflower Carrot

Pickle, Dried and Canned Cauliflower Jam, Pickle, Candy, Canned Carrot, Dehydrated carrot, Kanji

5 6 7 8

Cabbage Peas Brinjal Green Chilli

Sauerkraut, Dried Cabbage Canned peas, Dried peas, Pickle Pickle Pickle, Sauce

Shrivastava, and S. Kumar 2006

Sr. No. 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Vegetables Red Chilli Beet root Radish Turnip Pointed gourd (Parwal) Ash gourd Bitter gourd Onion

Processed Product Powder, Pickle, Sauce Pickle, Canned beetroot, Powder Pickle Pickle, Canned and Dried turnip Canned and Dried Parwal Petha, Candy Pickle, Dried bitter gourd Pickle, Dried Onion
Shrivastava, and S. Kumar 2006

Sr. No. 17 18 19 20

Vegetables Garlic Beans Spinach Ginger

Processed Product Pickle, Powder Canned and Dried beans Canned spinach, Powder Pickle, Preserve, Candy, Dried ginger, RTS,

Syrup
21 22 23 24 Cucumber (Gherkin) Water melon Musk melon Moringa (Drum stick) Pickle Juice, Squash Juice, Squash Powder, Moringa Oil
Shrivastava, and S. Kumar 2006

Sr. No.

Vegetables

Processed Product

25

Amaranthus

Powder

26

Fenugreek

Dehydrated leaves

27

Coriander

Dehydrated leaves

28

Curry Leaves

Dehydrated leaves

29

Sweet Potato

Starch, Flour

30

Tapioca

Starch, Pearls
Shrivastava, and S. Kumar 2006

Tomato Jam

Tomato Paste

Tomato Pickle

Tomato Sauce

Tomato Puree

Tomato Chutney

Tomato soup

Tomato Juice

Potato Chips

Potato finger fries

Potato Cake

Potato Starch

Potato canned

Sliced

Larged Chopped

Standard Chopped

Small Chopped

Minced

Larged Powder

Standard Powder

Kibbled

Special large chopped

6 mm Diced

Ground

Fried

Cauliflower

Cabbage

Turnip

Carrot

Fenugreek

Coriander

Curry leaves

Bitter gourd

Spinach

Amaranthus

Beer root

Garlic

Red chilli

Curry leaves

Brinjal

Green Chilli

Red Chilli

Ginger

Onion

Gherkin

Turnip

Cauliflower

Bitter gourd

Beet root

Cabbage- Sauerkraut

Ash gourd -Petha

Black Carrot - Kanji

Sweet Potato - Flour

Tapioca- Pearls

Demand drivers for Processed vegetables

Rise in income level of individuals

Disastrous condition
Processed Vegetables Demand drivers

Increasing Urbanization and Lifestyle

Defense forces, science missions

Capacity to spend for hygienic and healthy food

Nuclear Families and Working Women

Present status of India In Processing Sector

Processing - Global Scenario

Country % Processed*

Malaysia
South Africa Philippines Thailand Brazil USA China India 80

83

78 72 70 65 52 2-3

* percentage processed out of total production of fruits & vegetables

(Anon1.2009 ) - www.indianindustryprofiles.com

Some vegetable crops and their varieties for processing

TOMATO

POTATO

ONION

PEA

Pusa Uphar Pusa Guarav

Kufri Chipsona 1 Kufri Chipsona 2 Kufri Chipsona 3 Kufri Surya

Pusa White Flat

Pusa White Round

Bonneville Arkel

Punjab Chuhara
Pusa Hybrid 2

Colour Pericarp

Dry matter Sugar

TSS Dehydration

Tenderness Colour (Pal and Sharma ,2010)

1 lakh 30 thousand US Dollars

(Anon2.2009 -2010) - http://tradejunction.apeda.com

930 lakh US Dollars

http://tradejunction.apeda.com

1700 lakh US Dollars

http://tradejunction.apeda.com

Research Support In India and Maharashtra

CPRI, Shimla CIPHET, Ludhiana CIPHET, SC Abohar IARI, New Delhi IIVR, Varanasi

NRC O & G, Pune IIHR, Bengaluru

CFTRI, Mysore

DFRL, Mysore

Dr. PDKV

MPKV

Dr. BSKKV

MAU

Scope and Problems of Processing sector

1. To Minimize vegetable loss

Structured systematic supply chain

Processing of vegetables

2. Potential use of resources Diverse agro-climatic zones across the country Potential to cultivate a vast range of Vegetable crops Some vegetable varieties available for processing purpose

3. Employment generation India has huge scientific and research talent pool Huge population comparably chip labour available

4. Foreign Exchange earning Indian food processing industry is primarily export oriented Export of processed products foreign exchange

1. Sluggish demand and High consumer price

Doubts , Misgivings about quality & nutritional aspects of processed items compare to fresh.

Cost of various inputs say raw material, Conversion cost , Packing material, transportation etc and also taxes further aggravated more price.

2. Constrains of Finance Lack of National and state policies for economic help.

Even large scale units are subjected to considerable difficulties in processing requisite finance from bank.

3. Lack of Tie up approach Absence of tie up agreement with growers disrupted supply of raw material

4. Lack of product processed for regional taste

Taste and climate of India is different from one place to other, so difficult to meet all taste likings

5. Inadequate publicity and promotion

Consumer not informed regarding different products-through extension.

No concern efforts by industry to popularize the products.

6. Inadequate variety for processing purpose Only some varieties out of available having processing qualities. So lack of availability of processing varieties is a major constrains.

Conclusion

Conclusion
India is now at influent stage in processing sector.

Processing of vegetable leads to increase per capita availability without bringing additional land under vegetable cultivation.

Need of hours is to develop varieties solely for processing purpose with higher yield potential.

Considering different taste and climate of country, research work to develop more acceptable product is needed.

Conclusion
Infrastructure development , Machinery procurement events should

supported by Governmental policies with simple protocol.

All together technically Sound and economically viable processing we want.