ENGLISH VOWELS

BY : Click to edit Master subtitle style JOANNA CHONG NURAFIQAH NADIA THURGA AB KRISHENAN

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Long and short vowels

a
:

a
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SHORT VOWEL SOUNDS

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listen to theshort a sound listen to theshort e sound listen to theshort i sound listen to theshort o sound listen to theshort u sound

Short vowel practice key words: "cat, bed, sit, top, sun"
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a) Front short vowels

/ / High, half close, bin, bid, big, bit, dim, slightly front, slightly did, dig, dip, fin, fig, fit, spread vowel gin, gig, him, his, hid, hit, hip, jib, Jim, jig, jip, kin, Kim, kid, kit, lid, lit, lip, nip, pin, pig, pit, rim, rid, rig, rip, sin, sit, sip, tin, tip, win, wit, zip, zit /e/ Mid, half-open, front, Ben, bed, beg, bet, den, slightly spread vowel fed, gem, get, gel, hen, hem, jet, Ken, keg, led, leg, let, men, met, net, pen, peg, pet, red, set, ten, Ted, vet, yet, wed, wet 3/9/13

b) Back short vowels

/ / High, slightly back, half close, rounded, short vowel Low, slightly open, back, slightly rounded vowel Cook, bull, push, pull, should, foot Job, spot, sausage, gone, rod, what

/ /

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c) Central short vowels

// // Mid, half-open, Up, bug, hunt, rough, central, neutral vowel judge, won Mid, slightly half open, Upon, were, sender, central, neutral vowel again, murmur, arise

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long VOWEL SOUNDS

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a) Front long vowels

/i:/ High, close, front, long, slightly spread vowel Seep, piece, money, bee, copy, field

b) Back long vowels

/ :/ High, back, close, Blue, shoot, grew, shoe, moderately rounded, long group, rude vowel Mid, back, slightly half open, strongly rounded Bore, your, draw, order, coral, oral

/ /

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c) Central short vowels

// Mid, slightly half-open, central, neutral vowel Fur, earn, verse, girl, were, worm Farm, mast, aunt, arm, ask, star

// Low, open, slightly back (between centre and back)

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DIPTHONGS
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Definition
Diphthong: Sounds which consist of a movement or glide from one vowel to another. Pure Vowel: A vowel which remains constant, it does not glide. Diphthongs have the same length as the long vowels.
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Kelly (2006) defined a diphthong as a glide (or movement of the tongue, lips and jaw) from one pure vowel to another.

The first sound in each phoneme is longer and louder than the second in English. In short, a diphthong is the result of a glide from one vowel to another within a single syllable 3/9/13 (Underhill, 2005)

A diphthong is perceived as one phoneme not two, and therefore as one syllable not two. Thus, tie /taI/ has a consonant and a diphthong which occupy one syllable, whereas being /bi/ is a sequence of two monopthongs occupying two syllable.

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DIPHTHONGS
CENTRI NG ENDING IN ENDING IN I e I a I I eu CLOSIN G ENDING IN U au

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Centring diphthongs end with a glide towards // is a central vowel

e.g: hear pear poor

/h/ /p/

/pe/

Closing diphthongs end with a glide towards / I / or towards /u/. The glide is towards a higher position in the month. e.g: ball /bl/ right /rat/ toy /t/ row /ra/ 3/9/13

TRIPTHONGS
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A triphthong is a glide from one vowel to another and the to a third, all produced rapidly without interruptions (Roach, 2010)

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The triphthongs are composed of the 5 closing diphthongs described earlier but they end with a schwa // = /eI/ as in mayor, payer

/eI/ + //

/I/ + // = /I/ as in tire, dryer / I/ + // /u/+ // follower

3/9/13 /au/+ //

= /I/ as in royal, loyal = /u/ as in bouyant, = /au/ as in sour, flower

Symbols and transcription

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Phonemic transcription is the process by which every speech sound must be identified as one of the phonemes and written with the appropriate symbol (Roach, 2010)
MEDIAL FINAL Report /rpt/ Damp /dmp/ Carbon /kbn/ Changing /tend/ Cute /kjut / Robe /rb/ Barge /bd/

PHONEME INITIAL /p/ Pick /pk/ /b/ /d/ /j/

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Buyer /ba/ Junk /dk/ Yacht /jt/