Phonics Approach

Phonics Approach for Reading

Phonics sound of the letter not name

Stages of Reading Development

Stage 0: Birth to Age 6 Prereading:
1. Develop knowledge of print 2. Recognize a few letters, words, and environmental print signs
3

Stages of Reading Development

Stage 1: Grades 1 through 2 Initial reading or decoding: 1.Develop the understanding of the alphabetic principle 2. Begin to decode words
4

Stages of Reading Development

Stage 2: Grades 2 through 3 Confirmation, fluency:

1.Develop strategies to decode words and make meaning from text 2. Recognize many words by sight 3. Sound out words they dont recognize by sight
5

Stages of Reading Development

Stage 3: Grades 4 through 6 Learning the new:
Use reading more as a way to obtain information and learn about the values, attitudes, and insights of authors.

Phonics knowledge to be covered

Kindergarten 1.Concepts of print 2.Alphabet recognition 3.Phonemic awareness 4.Blending 5.Sense of story 6.Building world knowledge
7

Phonics knowledge to be covered

Grade 1 1.Phonemic awareness 2.Blending and word building 3.Vowels 4.Consonants / dicgraph (ng, ny) 5.Difthong (ai, au, oi)
8

Phonics knowledge to be covered

Grade 1 6. Simple syllabic words (saya, mata) 7. Connected text reading 8. Vocabulary development/world knowledge
9

Phonics knowledge to be covered

Grades 2-3 1. Grade 1 skills review 2. More complex vowel (semak, perang) 3. More structural analysis (kata dasar, imbuhan) 4. Multisyllabic words (pemandangan)
10

Phonics knowledge to be covered

Grades 2-3 5. connected text reading 6. Vocabulary development/world knowledge

11

Phonics knowledge to be covered

Grades 4-6 1.More complex spellings 2.More structural analysis 3. Multisyllabic words 4. Syllabication strategies 5. Word origins
12

Phonics knowledge to be covered

Grades 4-6 6. connected text reading 7. Vocabulary development/world knowledge

13

What to cover in Phonics instruction?

Basic Phonics: learn letter-sound 1. small letter instead capital letter 2. vowel 3. variation of e 4. difthong
14

Consonants / dicgraph connect letter with sound listening skill

15

Suggestions for Instruction

- Teach sound production continuous consonants first e.g. f l m n r s - blending the sounds

16

Suggestions for Instruction

- Provide decodable connected text for applying their knowledge of learned sound-spelling relationships e.g. saya ada bola (more.)

17

Suggestions for Instruction

- Progress from simple to more complex sound-spellings.

18

Advanced Phonics: letter-sound correspondences

- More structural analysis

(compound words, affixes, etc.) - Multisyllabic words - Syllabication strategies

19

Phonics
for reading comprehension
Meaningful sound input Phonological awareness Letter-sound correspondences
20

Reading
read aloud retelling

21

1. Ways to Teach Phonics

Two ways to teach phonics 1.Direct phonics or explicit phonics (synthetic approach) 2. Indirect phonics or implicit phonics (analytic approach)
22

Direct phonics
A bottom-up model of learning to read: Teach letter sounds Teach letter names Teach blending sounds Provide opportunities to blend words in context
23

Indirect Phonics
A discovery method Learners are asked to deduce the sound-spelling relationship.

24

Indirect Phonics
Instruction roughly follows this sequence:

1.A list of words with a common phonic element is shown. For example, sun son set bet mite bite site
25

Indirect Phonics
Instruction roughly follows this sequence:

2. Learners are asked to discover what they have in common, focusing on finding a similar sound.
26

Indirect Phonics
Instruction roughly follows this sequence:

3. Once the common sound is discovered, the spelling that stands for the sound is discussed.
27

Indirect Phonics
Instruction roughly follows this sequence:

4. Learners are asked to verbalize a generalization about the sound and the spelling, such as the letter s stands for the /s/ sound.
28

2. What to be taught are

1. More consonant clusters - khawin 2. Rimes (including diphthongs) 3. High frequency words (sight words) (yang)
29

Suggestions for Instruction Advanced Phonics

Once complex sound-spellings have been taught, focus on larger spelling patterns and useful word parts.

e.g. jenis-jenis imbuhan

30

2. What to be taught are

4. Teach syllabification To decode multisyllabic words, learners must be able to divide words into recognizable chunks.
31