EXPANSION AND CONTRACTION

A D LY N A S H A M I M I B T E Z A M R I 2 YA L E 12244

EXPANSION AND CONTRACTION

What will happen when solids gain or lose heat? After the ball gains heat, it became bigger and cannot pass through the ring. The increase in size is because of heat gain and is called expansion.

EXPANSION AND CONTRACTION

What will happen when solids gain or lose heat? After the ball has cooled down and lost heat, it becomes smaller. It can now pass through the ring. The decrease in size is because of heat loss and is called contraction.

EXPANSION AND CONTRACTION

What will happen when liquids gain or lose heat? The conical flask on the right is fully filled with coloured water.

glass tube
original water level

stopper

EXPANSION AND CONTRACTION

What will happen when liquids gain or lose heat? When the flask is placed in a basin of hot water, the water level will rise up the glass tube. This shows that the water in the flask has gained heat and expanded.

water level after expansion original water level

EXPANSION AND CONTRACTION

What will happen when liquids gain or lose heat?
When the flask is placed in a basin of ice water, the water level in the glass tube will fall. This shows that the water in the flask has lost heat and contracted.
original water level water level after contraction

EXPANSION AND CONTRACTION

What will happen when gases gain or lose heat? This boiling tube has air and a glass tube that contains a drop of red ink.
rubber bung

glass tube

original red ink level

boiling tube

EXPANSION AND CONTRACTION

What will happen when gases gain or lose heat?
When the boiling tube is placed in a basin of hot water, the air in the boiling tube gains heat. The air expands and pushes against the red ink. The red ink level moves up the glass tube.
red ink level after expansion of air

original red ink level

EXPANSION AND CONTRACTION

What will happen when gases gain or lose heat? When the boiling tube is placed in a basin of ice water, the air in the boiling tube loses heat. The air contracts. As a result, the red ink level moves down the glass tube.

original red ink level

red ink level after contraction of air

SOME EXAMPLE ?
Let us take a look at a few examples of expansion and contraction in our daily lives.

EXPANSION AND CONTRACTION IN OUR DAILY LIVES

When it gets hot, concrete slabs on the pavement expand. The gaps in-between the concrete slabs allow space for expansion.

EXPANSION AND CONTRACTION IN OUR DAILY LIVES

The gaps in-between the bridge allow space for expansion.

SOLVING PROBLEM
1. Glasses Stuck Together
Take a basin and fill it with warm water. Then, place the stuck glasses with the bottom-part immersed in the warm water. Pour some cold water into the inner glass. When you do that, the surface of the outer glass will come in contact with the warm water . The surface of the outer glass expands slightly. While the cold water makes the inner glass contract slightly. The space between the outer and inner glasses becomes bigger. Now, we can separate the glasses.

SOLVING PROBLEM
2. Unscrew tightened bottle cap
The bottle cap is made up of metal. When we heat the metal cap, the particles in the metal cap get extra energy and vibrate faster. This causes the metal cap to expand. The space between the metal cap and the mouth of the glass bottle becomes bigger causing the grip to loosen. In this way, we can unscrew the cap easily.

Gases, liquids and solids expand when they are heated and contract when they are cooled.