A SURVEY ON WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK

People have a tendency to overestimate technology in the short term, and underestimate it in the long term. -- Bill Gates

NETWORK
In Information Technology A network is a series of points or nodes interconnected by communication paths.

Networks can interconnect with networks and contain subnetworks.

other

WIRELESS NETWORK

Any type of computer network that is not connected by cables of any kind. Method by which Homes, Telecommunications Networks and Enterprise (business) installations avoid the costly process of introducing cables into a building, or as a connection between various equipment locations.

SENSOR NETWORK

A sensor network is a group of specialized transducers (A transducer is an electronic device that converts energy from one form to another. E.g., Antenna) with a communications infrastructure intended to monitor and record conditions at diverse locations. A sensor network consists of multiple detection stations called sensor nodes, each of which is small, lightweight and portable. Every sensor node is equipped with a transducer, microcomputer, transceiver and power source.

WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK

A wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of spatially distributed autonomous sensors to cooperatively monitor physical or environmental conditions, such as temperature, sound, vibration, pressure sound, motion or pollutants. Wireless sensor networks combine processing, sensing and communications into tiny embedded devices.

MULTI HOP WSN ARCHITECTURE

HOW IT WORKS

Integration of WSN with IP based Network

Wireless sensor networks are based on collaborative efforts of many small wireless sensor nodes, which are collectively able to form networks through which sensor information can be gathered. Such networks usually cannot operate in complete isolation, but must be connected to an external network through which monitoring and controlling entities can reach the sensor networks. As TCP/IP, the Internet protocol suite has become the de facto standard for large scale network, it is quite reasonable to connect wireless sensor networks with TCP/IP network to provide meaningful services for large number of Internet users.

SENSOR NETWORKS: CHALLENGES

EVOLUTION,

OPPORTUNITIES

AND

The paper presents the:

History of research in sensor networks including the Distributed Sensor Networks (DSN) and the Sensor Information Technology (SensIT) programs. Technology trends that impact the development of sensor networks. Technical challenges in sensor network development like new applications include network discovery, control and routing, collaborative signal and information processing, tasking and querying, and security.

CONCLUSION

Though the benefits of the sensor network and their applications are more limited to the large military network, the development of new technologies like MEMS technology, reliable wireless communication, and low-cost manufacturing have resulted in small, inexpensive, and powerful sensors with embedded processing and wireless networking capability. Wireless sensor networks can be used in many new applications, ranging from environmental monitoring to industrial sensing, as well as

A SURVEY OF WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK TECHNOLOGY

I. Khemapech, I. Duncan and A. Miller, School of Computer Science, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Sensors Peterborough NH (2005).

INTRODUCTION

In This paper the authors provides a survey of wireless sensor networks technology. Several research works including sensor network applications, components, reliable transport protocols, and congestion control schemes are summarized and compared in different sections.

CONCLUSION

Sensor networks are challenging in having to be small, powerful but with less energy consumption, as well as accommodating different application requirements. Further, the transport protocol plays a major role in providing end-to-end communication with congestion control.

LIMITATIONS

TCP does not seem able to provide reliable data transport in sensor networks. A reliable transport protocol with congestion control capability for sensor networks is required to be generic, lightweight, and not dependent upon existing lower layer protocols.

A SURVEY OF NETWORK MANAGEMENT ARCHITECTURE IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK

Mengjie Yu, Hala Mokhtar, Madjid Merabti, School of Computing and Mathematical Science, Liverpool John Moores University, 2006.

INTRODUCTION
This paper is divided in the following Sections: Present some specific features of WSNs. Summaries several design issues and requirements for management architecture. Overview of some features related to future research approaches.

CONCLUSION

Wireless sensor network has represented its robust usage in the future distributed computing environment.

The unique features of WSNs make the design and implementation of such management architecture different from the traditional networks.

LIMITATION

There is still no particular generic network management architecture emerged, which can provide network management independent of application-specific.

INTEGRATION OF WSN SERVICES INTO OTHER HOME AND INDUSTRIAL NETWORKS USING DEVICE PROFILE FOR WEB SERVICES

Ayman Sleman, Automation and Process Control Engineering, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
Reinhard Moeller, Automation and Process Control Engineering University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany Authorized licensed use limited to: Guangdong Univ of Tech. Downloaded on February 9, 2009 from IEEE Xplore.

INTRODUCTION

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are becoming more and more important for home and industrial applications, and the need to access these networks from other existing networks is continuously increasing. The benefit of WSN will be largest, if the exchange of data between WSN and other networks is bidirectional and happens in suitable time. The use of web services, WSDL and SOAP allows developers of distributed industrial and home applications to connect devices written in different programming languages and from different manufacturers with each others. The paper describes how DPWS can be used to provide a secure model to access a wireless sensor network from other IP-based networks.

CONCLUSION

The paper presented has discussed about the need and method to integrate wireless sensor networks into existing IP-based networks. For this the 6LoWPAN is used to connect the wireless sensor network with the internet and other IP-based networks. The DPWS Profile was chosen because it is suitable for embedded devices in home and industrial automation.

OBJECTIVE
Finally, after reviewing the research papers, I observed that there is a lot of research has been done in the last 3 decades and lots of research work has been performed and proposed in different sections/areas of WSN (Wireless Sensor Network), but still there are some areas where more focus and research work is required such as:

Data association, when multiple targets are present in a small region. Congestion Occurrence in Sensor networks, due to unreliable data transfer. Requirement of a reliable transport protocol with congestion control capability. Design a network management architecture to support WSNs. Implementation of sensor network in existing IP-based networks with lower cost.

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