Project Planning, Monitoring & Control - Principles, Tools & Techniques

INTRODUCTION TO PROJECT PLANNING, MONITORING & CONTROL

By: Hafadz Kamizi Mat Hassan Click to edit Master subtitle style
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1) WHAT IS PROJECT MANAGEMENT?

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Directing and coordinating human and material resources throughout the life of a project by using modern management techniques to achieve predetermined objectives of Scope Cost time quality and participation satisfaction

What is Project Management?

BY CONTRAST

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General management of business and industrial corporations assumes a broader outlook with greater continuity of operations Nevertheless, There are sufficient similarities as well as differences between the two so that modern management techniques developed for general management may be adapted for project management.
What is Project Management?

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General Management Special Knowledge Domains Project Management

Supporting Disciplines

Basic Ingredients in Project Management

What is Project Management?

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Specifically, Project management in construction encompasses a set of objectives which may be accomplished by implementing a series of operations subject to resource constraints.

What is Project Management?

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The functions of project management for construction generally include the following:

Specification of project objectives and plans Maximization of efficient resource utilization Implementation of various operations through proper coordination and control of planning, design, estimating, contracting and construction Development of effective communications and mechanisms for resolving conflicts among the various participants.
What is Project Management?

2)

BASIC CONCEPTS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CONSTRUCTION PLANNING

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A good construction plan is the basis for developing the budget and the schedule for work.
(PMBook)

Thus, a project manager / planner must synthesize the steps required to yield this result.

Basic Concepts in the Development of Construction Planning

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Essential aspects of construction planning shall include;

the generation of required activities, analysis of the implications of these activities, and choice among the various alternative means of performing activities.
Basic Concepts in the Development of Construction Planning

Constructi on Planning Cost Oriented

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Schedule Oriented

Time Resour Oriente ce d Oriente (Critica d (Job l Path Scope Proble Schedu Alternative Emphases in Construction Planning m) le)
Basic Concepts in the Development of Construction Planning

Direct Costs

Indirec t Costs

3)

3/22/13 CHOICE OF TECHNOLOGY AND CONSTRUCTION METHOD

Choose appropriate technology and methods for construction

Example: option between conventional formworks and system formworks

Select among alternative methods and technologies

formulate a number of construction plans based on alternative methods or assumptions

Choice of Technology and Construction Method

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Review the cost, time and reliability impacts of the alternative approaches Adopt the most optimum technology and construction method (i.e. value engineering).

Choice of Technology and Construction Method

4)

DEFINING WORK TASKS

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Along with the choice of technology and the consideration of the general method of construction, the planning process is also to define the various work tasks that must be accomplished. The work tasks represent the necessary framework to:

Permit scheduling of construction activities,

Defining Work Tasks

However, problem in scheduling is to determine:

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An appropriate set of activity start time, Resource allocations Completion times

Through which they will result in completion of the project in a timely and efficient fashion.
Defining Work Tasks

Therefore,

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It is common to begin with fairly coarse definitions of activities and then to further sub-divide tasks as the plan becomes better defined. As a result, the definition of activities evolves during the preparation of the plan.

Natural hierarchy of activities with large, abstract functional activities repeatedly subDefining Work Tasks divided into more and more specific sub-tasks

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5)

DEFINING PRECEDENCE RELATIONSHIPS AMONG ACTIVITIES

Precedence relations between activities signify that the activities must take place in a particular sequence.

Defining Precedence Relationships Among Activities

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Excavat e Trench

Place Formwo rk

Place Pour Reinforceme Concrete nt

Illustrative Set of Four Activities with Precedences

Defining Precedence Relationships Among Activities

6) ESTIMATING ACTIVITIES DURATION

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Work activity has to be associated with time duration. A straightforward approach to the estimation of activity durations is to keep historical records of particular activities and rely on the average durations from this experience in making new duration estimates.

Estimating Activities Duration

Task, Technology & Site Data

Maximum 3/22/13 Productivity Productivity Adjustments Productivity Estimate

Ancillary Task Information

Down Time Adjustments Down Time Estimate

Quantity of Works Weather Number of Crews

Initial Duration Estimation Overall Adjustment (e.g. Learning) Activity Duration Estimate

A Common Hierarchical Framework in Estimating Activity Durations Estimating Activities Duration

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7)

ESTIMATING RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS FOR WORK ACTIVITIES Resource requirements are usually estimated for each activity.

Therefore, By making resource requirement estimates for each activity, the overall resource requirements for the entire the project can be identified.

Estimating Resource Requirements For Work Activities

3/22/13 Typically, resources are categorized into the following three different components:

Labour Non-labour Material

Note: Resource estimates and resource allocation is essential for purposes of project monitoring and cash flow planning.
Estimating Resource Requirements For Work Activities