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CONTENTS
Introduction
Basic SoC Model SoC Cores
Types of Cores
Interconnection Advantages Disadvantages Conclusion
INTRODUCTION
Technological Advances
todays chip can contains 100M transistors . transistor gate lengths are now in term of nano meters . approximately every 18 months the number of transistors on a chip
The Consequences
components connected on a Printed Circuit Board can now be
an integrated circuit(IC) that integrates all components of a computer or other electronic system into a single chip.
I-PHONE SoC
TYPES OF CORES
Soft Macro
Reusable synthesizable RTL or netlist of generic library elements User of the core is responsible for the implementation and layout
Firm Macro
Structurally and topologically optimized for performance and area
through floor planning and placement Exist as synthesized code or as a netlist of generic library elements
Hard Macro
Reusable blocks optimized for performance, power, size and mapped to
a specific process technology Exist as fully placed and routed netlist and as a fixed layout such as in GDSII format .
ADVANTAGES
Lower cost per gate.
Lower power consumption. Faster circuit operation. More reliable implementation. Smaller physical size. Greater design security. Easy-to-incorporate modern protocols and interfaces
DISADVANTAGE
Time-to-market demands. Exponential fabrication cost. Increased system complexity.
APPLICATIONS
Speech signal processing
Image and video signal processing Information Technologies
Data Communications
CONCLUSION
While the potential is huge, the complexities are several, and countering these to offer successful designs is a true engineering challenge. A system-on-a-chip (SoC) can provide a single-chip solution, lower power usage, better performance, more frugal use of board real estate, simpler integration, and lower part counts. Compared to multichip solutions, the SoC has huge advantages, but mistakes in sizing on-chip resources require spinning the ASIC and result in high cost.