GOOD AFTERNOON !!!

DAISY R. LIM,RN,MAN

D.R.LIM,RN,

A. APPROACHES TO COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

I.

TRADITIONAL/WELFARE /DOLE OUT APPROACH

Assumes that poverty is God given; hence the poor should accept their condition since they will
D.R.LIM,RN,MAN

I.

A. APPROACHES TO COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

TRADITIONAL/WEL FARE /DOLE OUT APPROACH

The immediate or spontaneous response to ameliorate the
D.R.LIM,RN,MAN

manifestation of poverty,

A. APPROACHES TO COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

I. TRADITIONAL/WELFARE /DOLE OUT APPROACH believes that poverty is caused by bad luck, disasters and certain circumstances which are
D.R.LIM,RN,MAN

A. APPROACHES TO COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT II. MODERNIZATION /TECHNOLOGICAL APPROACH - Also referred to as the PROJECT DEVELOPMENT - Introduces whatever resources are lacking in a
D.R.LIM,RN,MAN

A. APPROACHES TO COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT II. MODERNIZATION /TECHNOLOGICAL APPROACH Also considered a national strategy which adopts the western mode of technological development
D.R.LIM,RN,MAN

A. APPROACHES TO COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

II. MODERNIZATION/TECHNOL OGICAL APPROACH Assumes that development consist of abandoning the traditional methods of doing things and must
D.R.LIM,RN,MAN

A. APPROACHES TO COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT II. MODERNIZATION/TECHNOLOG ICAL APPROACH

that poverty is due to lack of education; lack of resources such as capital and
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-Believe

III. TRANSFORMATORY/PARTICI PATORY APPROACH -the process of empowering/transforming the poor and the
D.R.LIM,RN,MAN

A. APPROACHES TO COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

III. TRANSFORMATORY/PARTICIP ATORY APPROACH

A. APPROACHES TO COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

Assumes that poverty is not God-given, rather it is rooted in the historical past and is maintained by
D.R.LIM,RN,MAN

III. TRANSFORMATORY/PARTIC IPATORY APPROACH Believes that poverty is caused by prevalence of exploitation, oppression
D.R.LIM,RN,MAN

A. APPROACHES TO COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

IV. LIBERATIVE APPROACH - decision making comes from the people on how to deal with their present health status to improve their health condition -community residents use their new found freedom to
D.R.LIM,RN,MAN

A. APPROACHES TO COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

B. COMMUNITY HEALTH WORKER ROLES IN CHCD A Recording B. Reporting C. Documenting Research

D.R.LIM,RN,MAN

C. COMMUNITY ORGANIZING PARTICIPATORY ACTION RESEARCH Definitions: (COPAR)

A social development approach that aims to transform the apathetic, individualistic and voiceless poor into dynamic, participatory and politically
D.R.LIM,RN,MAN

COPAR
A collective, participatory, transformative, liberative , sustained and systematic process of building people organizations by mobilizing and
D.R.LIM,RN,MAN

COPAR
A process by which a community identifies its needs and objectives, develops confidence to take action in respect to them and in doing so, extend and develops cooperative and
D.R.LIM,RN,MAN

IMPORTANCE OF COPAR

COPAR is an important tool for community development and people empowerment as this helps the community workers to generate community participation in development activities COPAR prepares people/client to eventually take over the management of a
D.R.LIM,RN,MAN

IMPORTANCE OF COPAR

COPAR maximizes community participation and involvement community resources are mobilized for
D.R.LIM,RN,MAN

PRINCIPLES OF COPAR 1.People, especially

the most oppressed, exploited and deprived sector are open to change, have the capacity to change and are able
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PRINCIPLES OF COPAR 2.COPAR should base

on the interest of the poorest sector of the society 3.COPAR should lead to self reliant community and
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STRATEGIES/METHODS USED IN COPAR 1.PROGRESSIVE CYCLE OF

ACTION-REFLECTION-ACTION -which begins with small,

local and concrete issues identified by the people and the evaluation and the reflection of and on the action taken by them.
D.R.LIM,RN,MAN

STRATEGIES/METHODS USED IN COPAR

2. CONCIOUSNESS-RAISING

- is central to the COPAR process because it places emphasis on learning that emerges from concrete action and which enriches succeeding action.
D.R.LIM,RN,MAN

STRATEGIES/METHODS USED IN COPAR

3. COPAR IS PARTICIPATORY AND MASS-BASED

- because it is primarily directed towards and biased in favor of the poor, the powerless, and the oppressed
D.R.LIM,RN,MAN

STRATEGIES/METHODS USED IN COPAR

4. COPAR IS GROUP CENTERED AND NOT LEADER ORIENTED -leaders are identified, emerge and are tested through action rather than appointed or selected by some external forces or entity.
D.R.LIM,RN,MAN

1. PRE-ENTRY PHASE/INITIAL PHASE - Is the initial phase of the organizing process where the community organizer looks for communities to serve or help - It is considered the simplest phase in terms of actual outputs,
D.R.LIM,RN,MAN

PHASES OF THE COPAR PROCESS

PHASES OF THE COPAR PROCESS 1. PRE-ENTRY PHASE/INITIAL PHASE

Activities include: designing a plan for the community development, including all its activities for care development, designing criteria for the selection of
D.R.LIM,RN,MAN

2.ENTRY PHASE/SOCIAL PREPARATION PHASE

PHASES OF THE COPAR PROCESS

- Its activities done includes the sensitization of the people on the critical events in their life , motivating them to share their dreams and ideas on how to manage their
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PHASES OF THE COPAR PROCESS 3.ORGANIZATIONBUILDING PHASE

- the formation of more formal structures and the inclusion of more formal procedures of planning, implementing, and evaluating
D.R.LIM,RN,MAN

It is at this phase where the organized leaders of groups are being given trainings to develop their ASK (Attitude, Skills and
D.R.LIM,RN,MAN

PHASES OF THE COPAR PROCESS

4. SUSTENANCE AND STRENGTHENING PHASE

PHASES OF THE COPAR PROCESS

- Occur when the community organization has already been

D.R.LIM,RN,MAN

PHASES OF THE COPAR PROCESS -The different committees set-up in the organization- building phase are already expected to be functioning by way of planning, implementing and evaluating their own
D.R.LIM,RN,MAN

PHASES OF THE COPAR PROCESS

5. PHASE OUT

- The phase when the healthcare workers leave the community to stand alone. - This phase should be stated during the entry phase so that the people
D.R.LIM,RN,MAN

YOUR CARE FOR OTHERS IS THE MEASURE OF YOUR GREATNESS!!!

R. LI DA M IS ,R Y N ,M AN