Why you should Care about Diesels

Growth in Passenger Vehicle use of Diesel Engines is all around usand its coming to North America

Expected to reach 7.5% of NA production by 2015

OEM
AUDI A3 and Q7

Current offerings

Future offerings
A6 (2014), A8 (2013) and Q5 (2013)

BMW
General Motors Chrysler

X5 xDrive 35d and 335d (Canada only)

Chevrolet Express Van, Silverado 2500 & 3500 GMC Savana, Sierra 2500HD and 3500HD Ram 2500 and 3500

2.0L (3 Series and X1) 3.0L (X 3 and X5 New Engine) (2013)

Chevrolet Cruze (2013) Cadillac ATS (2014)

Jeep Grand Cherokee (2013)

Ford Mazda MercedesBenz

Super Duty F250/350 /450 and F550 Chassis Cab

Ford Transit (2014) 2.2L Skyactiv-D (Mazda 6) 2013 and CX-5 Crossover (2014)

E350 BlueTec, ML350 BlueTec, R350 BlueTec (Canada Only), S350 BlueTec, GLK 350 BlueTec Sprinter (older versions are Dodge or Freightliner) Cayenne Beetle, Golf, Jetta, Jetta Wagon, Toureg and Passat

GLK 250 (2013) and C Class (2014)

Porsche Volkswagen

History of Diesel Engines

Invented in 1890s by Rudolph Diesel (patented in 1892) Based on Compression Ignition Compression Ratios can be as high as 25:1 Unlike Gas Engines, Diesels can have varying air/fuel ratios Under full loads air/fuel ratios can vary between 17:1 and 29:1 At idle it is possible to exceed 145:1

Rudolph Diesels Original 1897 Engine

Technology Changes due to EPA regulations

1998 EGR

2002 Cooled EGR

2007 Catalytic Particulate Filter Trap: Requires use of ULSD Fuel (Sulpher content limit 15ppm. Previous limit was 500ppm. 2010 DEF/SCR systems

Who Determines What the Fuels Characteristics Are?

Diesel Fuels From Different Refineries

ASTM International (American Society for Testing and Materials) ASTM D975 -12a ASTM D6751-12

What is Biodiesel and Where is it Blended?

(Bio) Diesel Fuel Issues

Water from condensation accumulates in the fuel tank which allows bacteria to grow in the fuel. Biodiesel holds more water dissolved or in-suspension than does traditional diesel. This excess water has several detrimental effects, such as promoting bacterial and fungal growths in fuel. Untreated, this bacteria can eventually clog Filters and Injectors

Contaminated Diesel Fuel

Bacteria found in Diesel Fuel

Other Fuels Used in Diesel Engines

E-Diesel Diesel or Biodiesel blended with up to 15% Ethanol Natural Gas
o CNG Compressed Natural Gas o LNG Liquefied Natural Gas

Propane

So, Where did All the Soot Go?

How a Clean Diesel Process Fuel

Injector Deposits
Two types of Deposits
Externalgum, varnish, and carbon effect the injector spray pattern which leads to driveability issues, loss of performance and lower fuel economy.

Internal-

reduces flow of fuel which reduces engine performance. Caused by metal salts deposits.

How a Clean Diesel Processes Exhaust Gases to Improve Emissions

Exhaust Gas Recirculation

EGR Circuit Restriction Problems

How a Clean Diesel Process Exhaust

Small amounts of UREA (DEF) is added to the exhaust which converts it to an ammonia Ammonia reacts with the NOx stored in the NOx trap. The byproduct is nitrogen and water This technology is so effective that it allows for leaner air/fuel ratios, resulting in improved fuel economy

Downstream Soot

Dilution of Motor Oil by BioDiesel Fuels

(Washington, DC - January 17, 2013) - In a settlement with the United States on behalf of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, automotive electronics manufacturer

A Word of Warning on Delete Kits

Edge Products LLC (Edge) has agreed to pay a $500,000 civil penalty for manufacturing and selling electronic devices that allowed owners of model year 2007 and later diesel pickup trucks to remove emission controls from their vehicles. Diesel

trucks that are not equipped with emission controls known as diesel particulate filters emit excess particulate matter (PM). When running, trucks without these types of controls leave behind a trail of dark, black smoke. PM is associated with a number of health problems, including respiratory and cardiovascular disease, chronic bronchitis, decreased lung function, and an increased risk of lung cancer.