CAREER PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT

CONCEPT
Career
The progress and actions taken by a person throughout a lifetime, especially those related to that person's occupations. A career is often

composed of the jobs held, titles earned and work accomplished over a
long period of time, rather than just referring to one position. Career Planning Career planning is a lifelong process, which includes choosing an occupation, getting a job, growing in the job, possibly changing careers, and eventually retiring. Career Development Career development is an organized approach used to match employee goals with the business needs of the agency in support of workforce development initiatives.

OBJECTIVES OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT

Enhance each employees current job performance Enable individuals to take advantage of future job opportunities Fulfill organizations needs for a dynamic and effective workforce Act as a retention tool and a motivator Reduce employee obsolescence Allow individual to achieve professional goals.

ROLE IN CAREER DEVELOPMENT EMPLOYER

Proactive
Encourage, facilitate and reward employees in their career advancement

EMPLOYEE
Assess ones own KSAs
Seek out information about
career options Make use of development opportunities provided in the

Enlighten employees on need for

career advancement Initiate career development activities

organization
Establish goals and career plans Accept that career planning and development are ones own

responsibility

CAREER STAGES

Maintenance
Advancement Phase Phase

Establishment
Phase

CAREER STAGES

Needs and expectations of an employee vary with every stage / phase

Important Needs

Safety, Security, Physiological

Achievement, Esteem

Esteem, SelfActualization

SelfActualization

Career Stage

Apprenticeship

Advancement

Maintenance

Strategic Thinking

CAREER STAGES

Key Features of Stage I Young professionals have technical knowledge but do not understand organizational needs Reality shock Apprenticeship Need guidance and encouragement Willingness to work extra hours Eagerness to learn

CAREER STAGES

Key Features of Stage II Desire to work independently Developed competence in some area Psychological state is of being independent Possibility of mid life crisis that may affect personal and professional lives of individuals Dealing with notion that ones most productive years may have already be past Dealing with pressures may lead to job withdrawal, poor performance, depression or substance abuse Counseling and coaching may help

CAREER STAGES

Key Features of Stage III Interaction more with people outside their organization May mentor those in stage I Central activities are training, consultation and interaction with others Strong networks established Are in key positions Assume responsibility for others action that may lead to psychological stress

CAREER ANCHORS

Concept given by Edgar Schein; suggests that every one of us has a particular orientation towards work and that we all approach our work with a certain set of priority and values. A career anchor is a combination of perceived areas of competence, motives and values relating to professional work choices. Includes talents, motives, values and attitudes which give stability and direction to a persons career it is the motivator or driver of that person.

CAREER ANCHORS

Edgar Schein has identified eight themes and has shown that people will have prioritized preferences for these: Technical / Functional competence General Managerial competence Autonomy / Independence Security / Stability Entrepreneurial Creativity Service / Dedication to a cause Pure Challenge Lifestyle

CAREER DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVES

Companies may undertake the following initiatives Job Postings

Formal education/tuition reimbursement / Sabbaticals Lateral transfers / Job Rotations Counseling / Coaching / Mentoring

Career booklets / pamphlets / workshops / seminars

Assessment Centers Dual ladder career paths Training programs / MDPs / Personal Development Plans Induction programs Diversity Management Expatriation / Repatriation

References
http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/career.html http://careerplanning.about.com/cs/choosingacareer/a/cp_process.ht m http://jobs.virginia.gov/cd_what.html http://www.scribd.com/doc/37629972/47/Objectives-of-CareerPlanning http://changingminds.org/explanations/values/career_anchors.htm http://rapidbi.com/careeranchors/