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The aim of this lesson is for you to understand how acids react with metals, what is produced when they react and how to test for it. You will see one demonstration and do one experiment!
Magnesium is a metal:
Magnesium is a metal: It is an element so only contains one type of atom (magnesium atoms!) It is shiny It conducts heat It conducts electricity
There are thousands of the molecules in a bottle, all floating around in water
Each hydrochloric acid molecule is made up of one hydrogen atom and one chlorine atom
Chlorine atom
Hydrogen atom
H Cl
H
Cl
H
Cl
Mg
Mg
Mg Mg Mg
Mg Mg Mg
Mg Mg Mg
Mg Mg Mg
Mg
Mg
Mg Mg Mg
Mg Mg
Mg Mg
Mg
Mg
Mg
Mg
Mg
Mg
Mg Mg Mg
Mg Mg Mg
Mg Mg Mg
Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg
Mg Mg Mg
Mg
Mg
Mg Mg Mg
Mg Mg
Mg Mg Mg
Mg Mg Mg
Mg
Mg Mg
Mg Mg
Mg
Mg
Mg
Mg
Cl Mg
Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg
Mg
Mg
Mg Mg Mg
Mg Mg
Mg Mg Mg
Mg Mg Mg
Mg
Mg Mg
Mg Mg
Mg
Mg
Mg
Mg
We are now inside the test tube! When they react the react atoms Two acid molecules with one re-arrange themselves into magnesium atom new molecules
H
H Cl
Cl Mg
Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg
Mg
Mg
Mg Mg Mg
Mg Mg
Mg Mg Mg
Mg Mg Mg
Mg
Mg Mg
Mg Mg
Mg
Mg
Mg
Mg
Hydrogen which is a gas so bubbles up to The atoms now make 2 new the surface molecules
Magnesium chloride which stays in the water
Mg
Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg H H
Cl
Cl Mg
Mg Mg
Mg Mg
Mg
Mg
Mg
Mg
So, how can we tell if the bubbles were really hydrogen molecules???? Hydrogen is explosive, so it will make a lighted splint go pop. This is the test for hydrogen!
pop!
Mg + 2HCl MgCl2 + H2
H H Cl Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg
Cl Mg
Mg Mg Mg Mg
Mg
Mg
Mg Mg Mg
Mg Mg
Mg Mg Mg
Mg Mg Mg
Mg
Mg Mg
Mg Mg
Mg
Mg
Mg
Mg