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Chapter 5
Fundamentals of Frequency Modulation
Figure 5-4: Frequency deviation as a function of (a) modulating signal amplitude and (b) modulating signal frequency.
Figure 5-8: Carrier and sideband amplitudes for different modulation indexes of FM signals based on the Bessel functions.
Figure 5-9: Plot of the Bessel function data from Fig. 5-8.
If the highest modulating frequency is 3 kHz and the maximum deviation is 6 kHz, what is the modulation index? mf = 6 kHz/3 kHz = 2 What is the bandwidth? BW = 2fmN
Where N is the number of significant* sidebands
sidebands are those that have an amplitude of greater than 1% (.01) in the Bessel table.