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Objectives:
Definition. Classification.
Risk factors.
World Wide Prevalence. Prevalence in Saudi Arabia.
What is Leukemia ?
Leukemia is a cancer (malignancy) of the bone marrow in which large numbers of abnormal, poorly functioning white blood cells are produced. Leukemia is from the Ancient Greek leukos "white", and haima "blood". Discovered in 1827 by French Physician Alfred Velpeau .
Major Types
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML). Chronic Lymphoblastic Leukemia (CLL). Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML).
Risk Factors
Previous cancer treatment. Genetic disorders. Certain blood disorders. Exposure to high levels of radiation. Exposure to certain chemicals. Smoking. Family history of leukemia. Gender.
Worldwide, an estimated 350,000 people are diagnosed with leukemia each year. Leukemia is the primary cause of deaths from cancer in children and young adults under the age of 20 years. 80% of children with leukemia have the ALL type. The most common types of leukemia in adults are AML (12,000 cases per year) and CLL (15,000 cases per year). The median age of onset is 67 years in adults.
Country
Denmark
Luxembourg 28.7
3 4 5 6 7 8
9 10
Arab Countries
Comparison of ASR for Leukemia among Saudis with ASR in Selected Countries
Most common type of cancer in Saudi Children aged 12 and under. A Study of 128 children in the Eastern Provence (January 1982-December 1992) showed that : Acute lymphoblastic leukemia was the most common. Chronic granulocytic leukemia the least common among the studied group.
References
The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) http://headstrongfoundation.org/ http://seer.cancer.gov/ http://globocan.iarc.fr/factsheets/populations /factsheet.asp?uno=900 http://www.leukemia-research.org www.oncology.org.sa KFSHRC.
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