SMALL INTESTINE

Dr. M. Nasir Afzal

Motility
Segmentation
Site, stimuli, Frequency, appearance Objective Advantage

Migrating motility complex

Sweeps intestine clean

Peristalsis
Peristalsis rush

Segmentation

Motility
Segmentation
Site, Initiation, Frequency, appearance Objective Advantage

Migrating motility complex

Sweeps intestine clean

Peristalsis
Peristalsis rush

Secretions
Secretion by Brunners glands
Function, stimuli Peptic ulcers

Juices by crypts of Lieberkuhn

Goblet cells Enterocytes

Paneth cells Enzymes Hormones

Digestion
Mainly by pancreatic enzymes Hydrolysis & condensation Fat digestion completed Carbo. & protein digestion completed IC
Enterokinase Disaccharidases aminopeptidases

Digestion (cont)
Carbohydrates
Amylase (salivary, gastric, pancreatic)

Proteins
Stomach pepsin Duodenum & jejunum lumen
Trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase

Enterocytes aminopertidase & dipeptidase

Fats (emulcification)
Lipase lingual, gastric, pancreatic, enteric

Absorption
Mostly in duodenum & jejunum Special modification of intestinal mucosa
Increased surface area

All products of carbohydrate, protein & fat are normally absorbed indiscriminately Special mech. to facilitate absorption
Sodium absorption
Passively, Actively

Sodium-glucose co-transporter

Absorption (cont)
Mostly in duodenum & jejunum Special modification of intestinal mucosa
Increased surface area

All products of carbohydrate, protein & fat are normally absorbed indiscriminately Special mech. to facilitate absorption
Sodium absorption
Passively, Actively

Sodium-glucose co-transporter

Small intestine disorders

Related with digestion Related with absorption
Sprue: chronic malabsorption disorder
Non-tropical sprue Tropical sprue

Consequences

Large Intestine

Large Intestine
Storage of fecal material before defecation

Large Intestine
Motility
Haustration Mass movement

Secretion
Alkaline mucous

Digestion Absorption

Feces
Composition
Dead bacteria (30 %) Fat (10 - 20 %) Inorganic matter (10 20 %) Undigested roughage (30 %)

Color Odor
Indole, skatole, mercaptans, H. sulphide)

Disorders of large Intestine

Constipation: slow movement of feces Megacolon (Hirschprungs disease) Diarrhea
Enteritis Psychgenic Ulcerative colitis

Large Intestine