Liposomes

Lipid bilayers (consists of phospholipids identical to cell membrane phospholipids) surrounding an aqueous space.

Liposomes

Liposomes may be A- Unilamellar consisting of phospholipids bilayer enclosing aqueous layer B-Multilamellar vesicles (MLV) consist of several (up to 14) lipid layers (in an onionlike arrangement) separated from one another by a layer of aqueous solution

Unilamellar liposomes

Multilamellar liposome

 Applications
Release their contents when they reach a specific temperature. Release their contents at a specific pH value. Target certain tissues or cell types by changing the types of lipids in the liposome. Target tissues, cell types or specific proteins by attaching antibodies to the surface. Avoid certain tissues or cells by attaching complex sugars to the surface. Evenly distribute fat-soluble (oil-like) compounds such as certain vitamins, antioxidants, antibiotics, flavors, etc. which often cant be mixed in water-based products including most foods. Fuse with cells, which is important in delivering DNA to a cell. Serve as model cell membranes making it easier to study specific cellular processes and how certain molecules, such as drugs, interact with cells.

 Protect compounds from acidic and enzymatic degradation in the stomach and intestine by using certain molecules to coat the liposome. Protect compounds such as vitamins and antioxidants from premature oxidation for increased shelf-life. Enhance the intestinal absorption of compounds by coating with certain molecules. Carry drugs across the nasal mucosa (nasal drug delivery). Deliver drugs directly to lung tissue by inhalation of the liposomes. Carry fluorescent dyes or other types of molecules which allow the liposomes to be tracked in the system to which they are added. Dermatological uses

 Preparation of liposome micro-encapsulated drugs 1-With cream, ointment and gel Liposomes added to cream ,ointment or gel and mix till complete solubility occur 2- with tablets a- Decoating of the tablet if it was sugar coated by phosphate buffer or salin or distilled water to prevent micro encapsulation of sugar particles by liposome b- Grinding of the tablets c- Add liposome to the tablet and mixing then leave for 3 hr (incubation period that allow micro-encapsulation of all the active ingredients in liposome) d- Add cream, ointment or gel N.B. liposome increase penetration capacity by 20 to 30 fold

Dose
Ointment Creams Lotions 1- Alcoholic 2- aqueous 3- PEG 4- PG 5ml/ 10gm 7ml/ 10gm 10ml/100ml 20 ml/100 ml 20 ml/100 ml 25 ml/100 ml

1-Wound dressing preparation

Mephincol Liposome base 2 cap 10 ml

Uses: After surgery and in 1st degree of burn 2-Preparation for 2nd and 3rd degree of burn Mephincol 4 cap Verapamil 80 mg 30 tab Liposomal base 30 ml

N.B Verapamil is Ca-channel blocker can inhibit IL6 and increase collagenase enzyme activity so its effective topically as antiinflammatory and fibrolytic drug

(3)Preparation for 3rd degree of burning

Collagenase oint. 4 tubes Verapamil 80 mg 30 tab Liposomal base 30 ml (4) Preparation for Scar and Keloid A) 1st step (Till degradation of fibrous tissue occur) 5-fluro uracil Liposome 4 amp 20 ml

B) 2nd step 5-fluro uracil Verapamil 80 mg Liposome 4 amp 20 tab 20 ml

5- Preparation for ulcer Dinitra 5 mg 5 tab Metronidazol 250 mg 4 tab Lignocaine 1 tube (if needed) Liposome 30 ml uses: 1- Bed sores 2- Leprometouse ulcer 3- Diabetic foot

6- Preparation for anal fissures

Glycerin.T.N Liposome base Lignocaine 0.2 % 20 ml 1 tube

(7)Preparation for Acne (a) Salicylic. a Sulfur Resorcinol Zinc oxide Calamine Glycerin Alcohol 70% Liposome base

4 gm (keratolytic) 6 gm (keratolytic with antibacterial) 4 gm (anti bacterial and antifungal) 12 gm 8 gm 30 ml 35 ml 35 ml

(B)
Benzoyl peroxide Mephenicol Liposome base 5% 4 cap 20 ml

1- Used for cystic Acne 2- Benzoyl peroxide has dual action a) turnover of epithelial cells b) Decompose oxygen killing of Propionibacterium acne

(8) Preparation for fungal infection T.versicolor A) Clotrimazol.oint 20 gm Liposome base 10 ml B) Ciclopirox 1 %(batrafin) 3 bottle Diprosalic lotion 1 bottle Liposome base 15 ml C) Terbenafin (Lamisil) Liposome base 20 gm 10ml

(9)Preparation for diffuse Alopecia

Minoxidil powder Liposome base (10)Preparation for Skin aging A) Male Testosterone (Sustanon) Phenytoin 100 mg Eudyna oint Liposome base 2% 30 ml

8 amp 5% 10 gm 25 ml

B) Female Estrogen (Ovestin) Phenytoin 100 mg Eudyna oint Liposome base

20 Tab 10 cap 10 gm 25 ml