Introduction to Pneumatic Components

Introduction to Pneumatic Components

Block Diagram of the Basic Pneumatic System Compressor Receiver Directional Control Valve Accumulator Service Unit

Actuator

The Pneumatic Cylinder or Linear Actuator

Speed Valve Piston and Rod Clevis

One Touch Quick Connect Fitting

Cylinder Body

Pneumatic Mounting Bracket Cylinder Force = Pressure x Piston Area

Pressure Regulator
Pressure Gauge
0-150 psi 0-1 MPa Controlled Pressure Side

Pressure Adjusting Knob

*Pull out before turning *Push in to lock *Turn Clockwise to Raise Pressure.

Air Flow Directional Arrow

High Pressure Inlet

Lower Pressure Settings Means Less Air Consumption

Pressure Regulator

Pressure Regulator

Note: Be certain to verify the direction of air flow through the regulator. The incoming air (from The 3 Way Valve) Enters the port marked with an arrow.

3/2 Way Solenoid Valve

Valve Body

Actuator Port A2

Pressure Port P1
From Regulator

Exhaust Port E

Solenoid Wires

One Touch Quick Connectors

3 Way Valve
Finger Knob Inlet Port
From Reservoir
Shown in Off Position

Outlet Port
To Regulator

Direction Arrow On Valve Body Three Operational States or Modes

OFF Vent On

Pneumatic Component Connections

Compressed Air
3 Way Valve Pressure Regulator 3/2 Way Solenoid Valve Double Acting Cylinder

Pneumatic Diagrams
Using Graphic Symbols to Illustrate Basic Circuit Designs

Pneumatic Components

Regulator

3/2 Way Solenoid Valve

Single Acting Pull Type Cylinder and Speed Valve

Pneumatic Component Symbols

Regulator

3/2 Way Solenoid Valve

Single Acting Pull Type Cylinder and Speed Valve

Valve Body

5/2Way Solenoid Valve

Note: The center port with the brass One Touch Fitting is the supply or pressure port.
A B

Solenoid

5/2 Way Solenoid Valve Symbol

EA

EB

5/3 Way Solenoid Valve

Used on Double Acting Cylinders
The Solenoid Operates Like a Linear Pneumatic Motor
1. Wire coil (red) is energized

3. The valve spool (green) moves with the iron armature

Solenoid

EB

EA

Valve Spool

2. The electromagnetic field, draws the iron armature (blue) into the solenoid

Springs return valve spool to rest position

5/2 Way Solenoid Valve

Used on Double Acting Cylinders The 2 Dark Blocks Represent the Two Possible Valve Positions
B Pressurized : A Exhausted (rest) A Pressurized : B Exhausted (energized)
A B

Solenoid Energized Position

EA P EB

Solenoid At Rest Position

5 Ports, 2 Positions

5/2 Way Solenoid Valve

Used on Double Acting Cylinders Actuator Symbol with a Diagonal Line Indicates Solenoid Operation Return Spring Symbol Indicates the Rest Position
A B

EA

EB

5 Ports, 2 Positions

5/2 Solenoid Valve

Used on Double Acting Cylinders The Arrow Symbols Indicate the Direction of Gas Flow Through the Valve EA and EB are Exhaust Ports. P is the Gas Supply Port Letters A and B Indicate the Output Port Connections for the Pneumatic Actuators
A B

EA

EB

5 Ports, 2 Positions

5/2 Valve
EA P EB

5 Ports 2 Positions

Can You Explain the Difference?

B A

5/3 Valve
5 Ports 3 Positions
EB P EA

Pictorial Drawing of a 5/3 Way Valve and Double Acting Cylinder

Note: At Rest, Ports A and B are Exhausted P is Closed EB

EA

Mini Pneumatic Circuits

Compressed Air Regulator 3/2 Way Valves

Pneumatic Cylinders with Speed Valves