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David Toub
ECE423 12/16/06
Agenda
Introduction Functionality Semiconductor Properties VTC Efficiency and PV Design Auxiliary Design Applications Research Conclusions
Introduction
Clean Energy PV System Cells Energy storage Charge Controller AC/DC converter
Ventre, Gerard. Messenger, Roger A. Ventre, Jerry. Photovoltaic Systems Engineering. CRC Press Technology and Industrial. 2004
Functionality
pn diode No illumination
Diode behavior e, h separated
Illumination
Semiconductor
Absolute 0 Perfect insulator Temp increases conduction increases External energy raises temperature
Ventre, Gerard. Messenger, Roger A. Ventre, Jerry. Photovoltaic Systems Engineering. CRC Press Technology and Industrial. 2004
VTC
Performance Limits Pm = Vmax x Imax Incorporate load
Ventre, Gerard. Messenger, Roger A. Ventre, Jerry. Photovoltaic Systems Engineering. CRC Press Technology and Industrial. 2004
Silicon tradeoff
High bg loss Low bg E, V reduced Optimal at bg=1.4eV
Loss Tradeoffs
Cell Top
Must be transparent Too thin bad conduction
Auxiliary Design
Heavy modules
structural stress Wind tension
E/V Ah
Applications
Electric grid extensions not offered Clean Solar powered house Water pumping systems Garden lights Automobiles Source utility grid Satellites, shuttles
Ventre, Gerard. Messenger, Roger A. Ventre, Jerry. Photovoltaic Systems Engineering. CRC Press Technology and Industrial. 2004
Research
Thin Film
Cheap Increased unit loss Multilayer Efficiency
Nanocrystalline
Thin film + mesoporous MO Increased internal reflection Great efficiency expensive
Conclusions
Environmentally benign Inefficient uncommon Still fuel Future Efficiency increasing Cheaper
References
Ventre, Gerard. Messenger, Roger A. Ventre, Jerry. Photovoltaic Systems Engineering. CRC Press Technology and Industrial. 2004 F Lasnier. Photovoltaic Engineering Handbook TG Ang - 1990 - A. Hilger New York Two layer organic Photovoltaic Cell. -- Volume 48, Issue 2, pp. 183-185 Research Laboratories, Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, New York. Applied Physics Letters -- January 13, 1986 Harmon, C. Experience Curves of Photovoltaic Technology. IIASA Publications. 2000. Photovoltaics. Wikipeda, The Free Encyclopedia. Downloaded from www.wikipedia.org on 12/02/06. Green, M. A. Solar cells: Operating principles, technology, and system applications. Englewood Cliffs, NJ, Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1982. 288 p. Wohlre, Dieter. Meissner, Dieter. Organic Solar Cells. Advanced Materials. Volume 3, Issue 3 , Pages 129 138. Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 1991. American Journal of Physics -- Volume 61, Issue 3, pp. 286-287 American Association of Physics Teachers. March 1993 ORegan, B. & Grtzel, M. A low-cost, high efficiency solar cell based on dye-sensitized colloidal TiO2 films. Nature 353, 737740 (1991). McCann,MichelleJ. Catchpole,KylieR. Weber, Klaus J. A review of thin film crystalline silicon for solar cell applications. Part 1 : native substrates. 2001 Shah, A. Torres, P., Tscharner, R. Photovoltaic technology: the case for thin-film solar cells. Institute of Microtechnology (IMT), University of Neuchatel, Rue A. -L. Breguet 2, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland. University of Applied Science, Avenue de l'Hotel-de-Ville 7, CH-2400 Le Locle, Switzerland