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Project Management Processes: Observations (2)

Large and complex projects may have processes that need to be iterated or revised and repeated several times to define and meet stakeholder requirements and reach agreement on processes outcome Successful project management requires managing these interactions to meet the requirements of the project sponsor(s), project customer(s) and other stakeholders

Strategies Objectives Goals Negotiation Communication Motivation Values Attitudes Traditions Beliefs Behaviour Project Manager Functional Managers General Managers

The Project Management System

Time Cost Planning Subsystem Information Subsystem Human Subsystem Project Management System Project Manager Techniques & Methodologies Performance Standards Sensors Comparison Control Subsystem

Cultural Ambience

Corrective Action Scheduling

Costing

Facilitative Organizational Subsystem

Modelling

Programming
Authority, Responsibility, Accountability

Project Management Body of Knowledge Areas and Process Groups

Project Management Areas of Knowledge Project Integration Management Project Scope Management Project Time Management Project Cost Management Project Quality Management

Initiation

Project Management Process Groups

Planning

Execution

Project Hum.Resource Management

Project Comm. Management Project Risk Management

Monitoring & Control

Closing
Project Procurement Management

The Project Management Process Groups

Initiation - Defines and authorizes the project or a project phase

P R O C E S S G R O U P S

Planning - Defines and refines objectives, and plans course of action required to attain projects objectives and scope

Execution - Integrates people and other resources to carry out the Project management Plan for the project

Monitoring & Control Regularly measures and monitors progress to identify variances from the Project Management Plan so that corrective action may be undertaken when necessary to meet project objectives

Closing Out Formalizes acceptance of the product, Service or result of the project, and brings the project or project phase to an orderly end
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Interrelationship of the Project Process Groups

Monitoring and Control Processes
Planning Processes

Iniation Processes

Closing Processes

Executing Processes

Interfacing of the Project Management Areas of Knowledge and the Process Groups
Process Groups Project Management Areas of Knowledge

Initiation

Project Charter, Project Preliminary Scope Statement

Scope Management Plan, Schedule Management Plan, Cost Management Plan, Staffing Management Plan, Quality Management Plan, Communications Management Plan, Risk Management Plan, Procurement Management Plan

Planning

Project Management Plan

Execution

Directing and managing project execution, performing quality assurance, developing the project team, disseminating information to stakeholders, requesting seller responses and selecting sellers Integrated Change Control, Scope Verification and Control, Schedule, Cost and Quality Control, Project Team Performance Asessment, Performance Reporting, Managing Stakeholders, Risk Monitoring and Control, Contract Administration Close Out Project, Contract Closure
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Monitoring & Control Close Out

The Process Group Interactions

Initiation

Planning

Execution

Monitoring Control

Closing

The Project Management Knowledge Areas: Project Integration Management

Project Integration Management includes the processes needed to identify, define, combine, unify and coordinate the various project management processes in the project process groups Integration is crucial for project completion, successfully meeting and managing stakeholders needs and expectations, making choices where to concentrate resources over time, dealing with issues and coordinating work for the overall project good The processes covered by project integration management include Development of the Project Charter, of the (Preliminary) Project Scope Statement and the Project Management Plan, Directing and Managing Project Execution, Monitoring and Control of the Project Work, and Integrated Change Control

The Project Management Knowledge Areas: Project Scope Management

Project Scope Management includes the processes required to ensure that the project includes all and only the - work required, for its successful completion. In essence, scope management is primarily concerned with defining what is, and what is not, included in the project Completion of the project scope (i.e. the work that must be done in order to deliver a product with the specified features and functions) is measured against the project management plan, while completion of the product scope (i.e. the features and functions that characterize a product or service) is measured against the product requirements The processes covered under project scope management are Scope Planning, Scope Definition, Creation of the Project Work Breakdown Structure, Scope Verification, and Scope Control
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The Project Management Knowledge Areas: Project Time Management

Project Time Management includes the processes required to ensure timely completion of the project The processes covered by project time management are: Activity Definition Activity Resource Estimating Activity Duration Estimating Schedule Development Schedule Control

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The Project Management Knowledge Areas: Project Cost Management

Project Cost Management includes the processes required to plan, control and manage costs so that the project can be completed within the approved budget Project Cost Management is primarily concerned with the cost of the resources required for completion of project activities, but can also take a broader perspective beyond the project by looking at the costs associated with the projects outcome Predicting and analyzing the financial performance of the projects product is usually done external to the project, but in some cases, this work may be undertaken internally under project cost management using techniques like investment payback analysis, NPV and so forth

The processes covered by project cost management are: Cost Estimating,. Cost Budgeting, and Cost Control
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The Project Management Knowledge Areas: Project Quality Management

Project Quality Management includes the processes required to ensure that the project satisfies the needs for which it has been undertaken Project Quality Management addresses both the projects outcome as well the management of the project. The quality assessment of the projects outcome is undertaken specific to that outcome, while the process quality assessment approaches applies similarly to both

Project Quality Management recognizes the importance of customer satisfaction, prevention over inspection, management responsibility, and continuous improvement
Project Quality Management covers the processes of Quality Planning, Quality Assurance Performance, and Quality Control
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The Project Management Knowledge Areas: Project Human Resource Management

Project Human Resource Management includes the processes required to organize and manage the project team Project Human Resource Management covers the processes of: Human Resource Planning Project Team Acquisition Project Team Development Project Team Management

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The Project Management Knowledge Areas: Project Communications Management

Project Communications Management includes the processes required to ensure timely and appropriate generation, collection, dissemination, storage, and ultimate disposition of project information

Project Communications Management provides the critical links among people, ideas and information that are necessary for successful communications
Communications is often a challenging undertaking, and difficulties in, or a breakdown of communications, can adversely effect a project Project Communications Management covers the processes of Communications Planning, Information Distribution, Performance Reporting, and Stakeholder Management
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The Project Management Knowledge Areas: Project Risk Management

Project Risk Management includes the processes required to manage the risks of a project with a view to decreasing the likelihood of adverse events negatively effecting the project goal, schedule or cost

All projects must contend with risks and these must be identified as far as possible, along with their consequences for the project. Risks should be managed proactively and consistently throughout the project Project Risk Management covers the processes of Risk Management Planning, Risk Identification, Qualitative Risk Analysis, Quantitative Risk Analysis, Risk Response Planning, and Risk Monitoring and Control

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The Project Management Knowledge Areas: Project Procurement Management

Project Procurement Management includes the processes for purchasing or acquiring materials, products, goods or services required to perform the work from outside the project team Project Procurement Management includes the contract management and change control processes required to administer contracts or purchase orders issued by the project team Project Procurement Management covers the processes of Purchases and Acquisitions Planning, Contract Planning, Requesting Seller Responses, Seller Selection, Contract Administration, and Contract Closure

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The Project Management Process Groups: Initiation

Project Definition / Initiation

Stating the Business Opportunity / Problem Initial Scoping of the Project Identification of Assumptions, Obstacles and Constraints Identification of Stakeholders Preliminary Assessment of Risks, Costs, Benefits etc. Project Charter Document that formally authorizes the project Project (Preliminary) Scope Statement Description of what the project is supposed to achieve and what is included in it
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The Project Management Phases

Project Planning
Organizational Design Delineating Roles / Staffing Training Partnering, Outsourcing Work Breakdown Structure Scheduling Changes Procurement Risk Issues Stakeholders PMIS, Monitoring Performance and Quality Control Documentation Cost Estimating, Budgeting

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The Project Management Phases

Project Implementation

Direct and Manage Project Execution Develop Project Team

Leadership and Motivation of the Project Team

Conflict Resolution Manage the Flow of Information Schedule Modification

Review and Update Project Plan

Quality Assurance

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The Project Management Phases

Project Monitoring, Control and Evaluation

Collecting and Disseminating Performance-Related Information Effecting Process Improvements Integrated Change Control Project Scope Verification and Scope Control Schedule, Cost and Quality Control Risk Monitoring and Control Communicating with Stakeholders Team Performance Performance / Progress Reporting
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The Project Management Phases

Project Closing

Hand over Project Deliverables to Clients Post-Implementation Audit Project Report Formally Terminate Project Disband Project Team

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