P4 PRESENTATION OF M.

TECH THESIS
PRESENTED BY: Madhur Jain
ER.NO.112005 M.Tech (ECE)
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Short review of work done. The work in designing of new WINDOW function. Verification Result. Simulation Result. References.

We are computing the spectrum of a signal by using a finite duration segment because:1. The spectrum of the signal changes with time. 2. We have only a finite set of data at our disposal. 3. We wish to keep the computational complexity low. There are 3 methods of determining the spectrum in finite duration segment : 1. Periodic extension. 2. Windowing. 3. Extrapolation.

The desired frequency response of any digital filter is periodic in frequency and expanded in a Fourier series The Fourier coefficients of the series h(n) are identical to the impulse response of a digital filter. There are two difficulties for designing a digital filter : 1.impulse response is of infinite duration. 2. filter is non-casual and unrealizable. The length of the filter is increased , the number of ripples in both passbands and stopbands increases.

Window functions are real, non-zero, time-limited and even functions.

Parameters of Window:1. Maximum Side Lobe Laval (MSLL) 2.Half Main Lobe Width (HMLW) 3.Side Lobe Fall off Rate (SLFOR)

1.A New Window and Comparison to Standard Windows YEONG HO HA and JOHN A. PEARCE IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH, AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOL. 37, NO. 2, FEBRUARY 1989. 2.On the Modified Bartlett-Hanning Window (Family)Jai Krishna Gautam, Arun Kumar, and Rajiv Saxena.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOL. 44, NO. 8, AUGUST 1996. 3. F. J. Harries, On the use of windows for harmonic analysis with the discrete Fourier transform, Proc. IEEE, vol. 66, pp. 51-83, Jan. 1978. 4.Spectrum and spectral density estimation by the Discrete Fourier transform (DFT), including a comprehensive list of window functions and some new at-top windows.G. Heinzel_, A. Riiudiger and R. Schilling, Max-Planck-Institute fiir Gravitationsphysik (Albert-EinsteinInstitute) Teilinstitute Hannover February 15, 2002.
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We modify it by setting a = 0.5(1 + ). As such, the window becomes

where

0.50 < a < 1.88 window functions usually have a tradeoff between the half main lobe width (HMLW) and maximum side lobe level (MSLL).
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And after Simulation the result should be verify as fallow. There is trade-off between the levels of first and second sidelobes and parameter a. If a is increased to 0.6404, the two side-lobes are of equal level in turn MSLL improves from -35.97 dB to -36.89 dB without causing any change in HMLW and SLFOR.

HMLW

= 1.875

SLFOR = -12 dB/octave MSLL = -36.84dB

By increasing a to 1.87, the HMLW is optimized to its minimum value of 1.08 which is less than the HMLW of Bartlett window (E = 1) .

The optimum value of FSLL is -53.59 dB , can be achieved by keeping a = 0.8604 with MSLL of -29.77 dB and HMLW of 1.68. When a = 0.8 then First side lobe Laval= -47.06 dB and the Maximum side lobe Laval= -31.21dB, so then the resultant window possesses MSLL as equal as of Hanning window. This resultant window is superior than Hanning window in the sense of FSLL and HMLW.

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I will try to combined Other window function with Bartlett like :1. Bartlett-Blackman window. 2. Bartlett-Blackman-Harris Window. 3. Bartlett-Blackman- Nuttall Window. 4. Bartlett-Hamming Window And the Result is fallowing .

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The Combined Window Function= (b-(2*abs(n-((M1)/2))/(M-1)+((1-m*b.^2)*(0.42(0.5*((cos(((2*pi)*n)/M1))))+(0.08*((cos(((4*pi)*n)/M1)) )))))). And we find some useful result by a deep and comparative study in between the HMLW, FSLL, MSLL and SLFOR. The Results are as fallow:-56 dB FSLL -80.63 dB HMLW=2.875 -56 dB MSLL -72 dB SLFOR=18dB/octave (approx.) (approx.) (approx.) (approx.)
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MBB window 0
b=1.45 m=31 FSLL= -80.63dB MSLL= -66.57dB

MBB window 0
b=1.9 m=45 FSLL= -72.09dB MSLL= -71.83dB

-20

-20

-40
Amplitude in dB------>
Amplitude in dB------>
0 1 2

-40

-60

-60

-80

-80

-100

-100

-120

-120

-140 -1 10

10 10 Normalized frquency-->

-140 -1 10 10

10 10 Normalized frquency-->

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Comparison of PROPOSED and KAISER window 1 0.9 0.8 0.7

Amplitude------>

0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 abs(w) New window 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 discrete time---> 35 40 45 50

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From the above Simulated Results we can verify that New Modified Bartlett-Blackman Window is much SUPERIOR Then the Blackman Window.

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On the Modified Bartlett-Banning Window (Family) Jai Krishna Gautam, Arun Kumar, and Rajiv Saxena. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOL. 44, NO. 8, AUGUST 1996. A New Window and Comparison to Standard Windows YEONG HO HA and JOHN A. PEARCEIEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH, AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOL. 37, NO. 2, FEBRUARY 1989. The Fundamentals of FFT-Based Signal Analysisand MeasurementMichael Cerna and Audrey F. Harvey.National Instruments Corporation. F. J. Harries, On the use of windows for harmonic analysis with the discrete Fourier transform, Proc. IEEE, vol. 66, pp. 51-83, Jan. 1978. Matlab Help. Spectrum and spectral density estimation by the Discrete Fourier transform (DFT), including a comprehensive list of window functions and some new at-top windows. G. Heinzel_, A. Riiudiger and R. Schilling, Max-Planck-Institute fiir Gravitationsphysik (Albert-Einstein-Institute) Teilinstitute Hannover February 15, 2002.

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T H A N K Y O U
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