2013/4/19

Security Level:

Planning for Radio Coverage & Capacity

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HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Content
Coverage planning

Three terms
Tool and case

Capacity planning

Three terms Method and case

Relationship

Balance of Uplink and Downlink

EIRP BTS Set-top power

UL

DL

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Propagation Model
Path Loss = f (frequency, distance)
Common propagation model

Propagation model of free space (Lp=32.4+20logf+20logd) Okumura-Hata model (Applying to forecast of 900M macro cell)

COST231-Hata model (Applying to forecast of 1800M macro cell)

COST231 Walfish Ikegami model (Applying to forecast of 900M and 1800M micro cells)

Keenan-Motley model (Indoor propagation model, applying to 900M and 1800M cells)

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Communication Probability
Concept of communication probability
Success call rate of MS on the radio coverage border or in the cell

Category of communication probability

Edge coverage probability Area coverage probability

Probability Distribution

margin

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Tool

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Case
To construct a 900MHz Network in the suburb that requires about

100 square kilometer coverage acreage, -94dBm minimum

receiving level, and 91% edge coverage probability, forecast the coverage distance and calculate the required quantity of BTSs.

Useful input information Band: 900MHz Network environment: suburb Coverage acreage: 100km2 Efficient receiving level: -94dBm Edge coverage probability: 91
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Traffic -Traffic Load

Definition:
Call exchange volume of a subscriber in a particular time Unit: Erlang

Avg. TrafficLoad@BH

BHCA Avg. CallHolding Time (Erlang) 3600

BHCA: Busy Hour Call Attempt

If traffic in 15 min is 0.2 Erl, then traffic in one hour is 0.240.8Erl If traffic in 15 min is 0.2 Erl, then traffic in one hour is also about 0.2 Erl when distribution of traffic is even

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GoS - Grade of Service

It is the probability of a call in a circuit group being blocked or delayed for more than a specified interval.

Erlang-B equation of GoS

Grade of Service

AN N!
K0 K A K! N

A = Expected traffic intensity in Erlangs

N = Number of circuits in group

GOS=2%

Urban

GOS=5%

Suburb

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Erlang-B
1. The relation between number of TCH and expected traffic is not linear 2. Because the channel is shared 3. This share condition happed in cell.

So the number of channel is in

one cell and correspond to the traffic load of per cell. TRX Number

Elang
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GOS

Capacity Planning
Coverage estimation Number of site Traffic Load per site Traffic Load of system

Traffic model Subscribers Distribution

Traffic Load per cell

TRX Configuration

Channel Configuration

Erlang-B

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Case
A local network will be constructed. After two years, the number
of subscribers may attain 100,000. Provide that the traffic per subscriber is 0.02Erl, 120 BTSs are required, and the call loss rate is 2%.

Useful information Subscriber quantity: 100,000 Call loss rate: 2% Traffic model: 0.015Erl Number of BTSs: 120

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Case

Roaming factor (traffic and developing trend): 10%; dynamic factor (burst traffic): 15% Network capacity: 100,000(1+10%+15%)=125,000 In terms of congestion, use 85% to calculate the bearer capability for traffic. Thus, the design capacity of network is: 125,000/(85%)=147100, that is 150,000 approximately.

According to the provided traffic model, that is average 0.015Erl traffic, forecast the busy-hour traffic of the whole network: 150000 0.015=2250Erl.

The average traffic per BTS is: 2250/120=18.75Erl, average traffic per cell:
18.75/3=6.25Erl. Based on 2% call loss rate, query the Erlang-B to find the number of voice channels: 12channels/every cell

The number of control channels: 14 channels/every cell, 2TRX/every cell

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Relation

Pay attention to both coverage and capacity:

Coverage area per Site Traffic model Subscribers Distribution Frequency Planning Figure out the max. configuration Limitation Judgment
Capacity limitation Coverage limitation

Coverage Dimensioning

Traffic Load pre Site

TRX/Channel/ Configuration

END

Channel Configuration

Traffic Load per Site Coverage area per Site BTS Quantity

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Thank you
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Method to enhance coverage

Increase the transmission power of BTS Reduce the loss of combiner Reduce the loss of feeder Increase the gain of antenna Add TMA

Improve Rx. sensitivity

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No balance
Coverage of downlink Coverage of uplink

No signal to MS

Allowed loss is greater on uplink than on downlink.

Allowed loss is greater on downlink than on uplink

Cannot access

when uplink and downlink are not on balance, Coverage area is equivalent to the worse one.
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Channel Configuration

8 channels (i.e. time slots) per TRX BCCH Configuration

Only 1 BCCH per cell; TS0 of TRX0

TCH Configuration
No. of TCH n 8 BCCH No. - SDCCH No.

SDCCH configuration suggestion

Without CBCH TRX No. Normal cell 1 Inner cell SDCCH/4 Edge cell Normal cell Inner cell SDCCH/8 Edge cell With CBCH

2
3 4 5 6 7 8 2*SDCCH/8 + SDCCH/4 2*SDCCH/8 2*SDCCH/8 SD/8 + SD/4

SDCCH/8
SDCCH/8 + SDCCH/4 2*SDCCH/8 2*SDCCH/8 2*SDCCH/8 + SDCCH/4 3*SDCCH/8 3*SDCCH/8 2*SDCCH/8 + SDCCH/4

SD/8 + SD/4

2*SDCCH/8 + SDCCH/4

2*SDCCH/8 + SDCCH/4

3*SDCCH/8 3*SDCCH/8 + SDCCH/4

Simply calculating: 1 SDCCH/8 per 2 TRXs

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