Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QGp93ijzok4&
Response OVERWHELMS recruitment centers Medical rejection (Classification IV-F) causes some to commit suicide By end of war almost 16 million men enlist or are drafted (6 million voluntary)
16,000,000 14,000,000 12,000,000 10,000,000 8,000,000 6,000,000 4,000,000 2,000,000 0 Pre-Attack After
Propaganda
Office of Price Administration Created to stop inflation and price gouging Rationing implemented.
Limit how much of a good each person can buy
Rationed Goods
20 Essential Commodities Rationed Rationed items include: sugar, coffee, meats, grains, rubber and fuel. People given ration stamps (had to have stamp to buy)
Importance of Food
Farms were producing as much food as possible (double pre-war output) Revives struggling farming sector Victory Gardens back! Much of the food went to British and Russian soldiers and citizens
Shift in Production
American Industry converts to war time production: GM, Ford, and Chrysler now make tanks, transports, bullets, etc. Boeing makes bombers and fighter. Gun makers like Colt, make machine guns, flamethrowers, war rifles.
Economic Gains
Unemployment fell to only 1.2% by 1944 and wages rose 35% Farmers benefited as production doubled and their income tripled
Pittsburgh Production
LSTs
The GP Vehicle
Pittsburgh Production
War Production
Ship and Submarine Production
Per month
25 20 15 10 5 0
Before
After
In full war mode, the U.S. was producing weapons faster than anybody around thought that it would or could. Ships and In one month, the U.S. Subs was able to produce up to 4,000 tanks and 4,500 planes. Ship production also increased dramatically.
Aircraft Production
1939 United States 2,141 1940 6,068 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945
10,862 12,401 15,409 24,807 40,593 4,768 5,088 8,861 16,693 28,180
Arms/Armor Production
Naval Production
Country Aircraft carriers Battleships Cruisers Destroyers Convoy escorts Submarines Merchant tonnage
22 16 0 0
8 2 2 3
48 9
349 63 17
420 183 23
33,993,230 4,152,361
1,469,606
Population Shifts
The war triggered the greatest mass migration in American history. More than a million newcomers to California between 1941-1944. Millions of AfricanAmericans from south to north. (Manufacturing jobs)
African-Americans
Segregation in military and at home Mistreatment by Northern workers Double V Campaign: Pittsburgh Courier Victory for Allies Victory for equality After serving war effort, deserve respect!! BUTlose jobs to white veterans after war
Mexican-Americans
Latino population of Los Angeles segregated in barrio Popular clothing style = zoot suit Strong anti-Mexican sentiment stemming from 1942 Sleepy Lagoon Case:
Murder blamed on gang of Mexican-American youth 9 convicted (wrongly)
LA media praises servicemen for cleansing LA of gangs LA makes wearing zoot suits a crime
Internment
Persons of Japanese ancestry gathered with little notice
Little chance to pack Little chance to organize affairs Businesses abandoned