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INTERNSHIP REPORT ON

SOCIAL SCIENCES RESEARCH INSTITUTE TANDOJAM SUBMITTED TO: SIR, SANAULLAH NOONARI Assistant Professor Department ofAgricultural Economics

INTRODUCTION OF ORGANIZATION PARC


Pakistan Agriculture Research Council (PARC) is established in 1981 for research purpose at federal and provincial level in a country to provide science-based solution for agricultural development. Chairman is the chief executive of the PARC. Chairman and members are the responsible for executing all policies and discharging all function of the PARC relating to the research planning, coordination, budget and policy formulation. The main functions of PARC are to: Undertake, aid, promote and coordinate agricultural research. Arrange expeditious utilization of research result. Establish research establishments mainly to fill in the gap in existing programs of agriculture research. Arrange the training of high level scientific manpower in agriculture sciences. Generate, acquire and disseminate information relating to agriculture. Establish and maintain a reference and research library. Perform any other function related to the matters aforesaid. Pakistan Agriculture Research Council (PARC) is the apex agriculture research organization at the national level. Its main objective is to strengthen Pakistans agriculture research system, comprising the federal and provincial components.

SOCIAL SCIENCES AT PARC


Pakistan Agriculture Research Council (PARC) is an apex national organization working in close collaboration with other federal and provincial institutions to provide sciences based solution to agriculture of Pakistan. At present, PARC has four technical Division, plant science Division (PSD), Natural Resources Division (NRD), Animal Sciences Division (ASD) and Social Science Division (SSD). The SSD established its network of social sciences research in 1984 with creation of Agriculture Economics Research Unit (now up graded as Social Sciences Research Institutes) at provincial and federal level and one of each at AJK and Gilgit-Baltistan. The main objective of these institutes is to carry out research on socio-economic aspects relating to grass root level farmer in Pakistan a part from extending a helping arm to provincial agriculture research system. This has not only bridged the information gap on micro-level issue of farming and technology adoption but has also resulted in the development of new crop, livestock and farm machinery related technologies in the country.

PARC ACHIEVEMENTS AND FUTURE PLANS (NEW INITIATIVES OF PARC)


PARC has assisted in developing more than 264 improved varieties of wheat, rice, pulses, maize, sorghum, millet, fodder, cotton, sugarcane, oilseeds and horticultural crops. Major achievements of the Council in animal sciences' sector include livestock reproduction capacity enhancement from one to three offsprings per year through embryo transplant technology. Virus-free potato seed and banana plantlets have been developed by the PARC scientists working at its various institutes. In collaboration with Japan, PARC has established a, state-of-the-art plant genetic resources facility for conservation and exchange of germplasm including collection of seeds of all plants . PARC established bio-control laboratories in five sugar mills and provided technical assistance to another eight sugar mills to do so

Introduction and History of SSRI Tandojam

The Social Science Research Institute (SSRI) has established by the Pakistan
Agriculture Research council of the Ministry of Food , Agriculture and livestock (MINFAL) Government of Pakistan. The Technology Transfer Institute (SSRI) was established in July 2002 by upgrading and expanding the mandate of Agricultural Economics Research Unit (AERU). The AERU had been functioning in Tandojam since 1986.Appreciating the vital role of technology transfer in over all Agricultural development. The PARC, under its Social Sciences Division, established seven SSRIs by upgrading the AERU in all four provinces and AJK. A new SSRI was established for northern areas at Gilgit. The SSRI at national Agricultural Research Center (NARC) had been already operational. At PARC, Deputy Director General (SSRI) supervisor and coordinates the activities of all the SSRIs. Each SSRI has a Socioeconomics Research Unit (SERU) and Technology Transfer Unit (TTU).

Profitability Analysis Of Cauliflower In Tando Allahyar


Cauliflower is one of several vegetable in the species Brassica oleracea , in the family Brassica.It is an annual plant that reproduces by seed. Typically, only the head(the white curd) of aborted floral meristems is eaten, while the stalk and surrounding thick, green leaves are used in vegetable broth or discarded. Its name is from Latin caulis (cabbage) and flower, an acknowledgment of its annual plants place among a family of food which normally produces only leafy green for eating .Brassica oleracea also includes cabbage , Brussels sprouts, kale, broccoli, and collard greens, though they are of different caultivar groups. Cauliflower traces its ancestry back to the wild cabbage, a plant thought to have originated in ancient Asia Minor, which resembled kale or collards more than the vegetable that we now it to be. The cauliflower went through many transformation and reappeared in the Mediterranean region, where has been an important vegetable in Turkey and Italy since at least 600 BC. It gained popularity in France in the mid -16th century ang was subsequently cultivated in Europe and the Britishisles.The united States, France, Italy, India, and China are countries that produce significant quantites.The curd is used for culinary purpose alone or with other vegetable and also for making soup.The cauliflower curd is cut into and dried for offseason use.

Objectives
To determine average per acre cost of production incurred by producer. To investigate the physical productivity per unit of cauliflower and estimate the per unit returns realized by the growers. To determine the input-output ratio involved in the of cauliflower.

Methodology

The study work was conducted from Tando Allahyar sindh. The data source of this study consist of both primary and secondary sources . The primary data was collected from the cauliflower growers through the well structured pre- tested questionnaire. Total 20 growers selected through the random sampling techniques. The data is analysis with the help of (SPSS) Statistical package for social scientists software.

Result and discussion


Age of respondents
Age No. of respondents Percentage of respondents
35

20-35 years

36-50 years

12

60

51-60 years

Education Level of respondents

Education level

Frequency

Percent

Illiterate Primary

9 6

45 30

Metric Intermediate

3 2

15 10

Farming Experience of Respondents

Farming Experience 1-7 years 8-15 years 16-25 years 26-onwards

No. of Respondents 1 10 5 4

Percentage of Respondents 5 50 25 20

Tenancy status

No. of respondents

Percentage of respondents 35 45 10 10

Owner Tenant Lease Owner + Lease

7 9 2 2

Total cost of production of cauliflower (Rs./acre)


Costs of production Fixed cost Average cost 500

Variable cost
Marketing cost Opportunity cost Total cost of production

47868.44
25156.82 7500 81024.26

Average yield, price and total revenue of cauliflower production(Rs./acre)

Average yield(bags/acre)

183.80

Average price(Rs./bag)

587.51

Total revenue (Rs/acre)

106025

Net income of cauliflower growers (Rs./acre)

Total cost of production

81025.26

Total income
Net returns

106025
25000.74

Input-output ratio of cauliflower growers


Total cost production (b) 81025.26 of Input-output (a/b) 1: 1.30 ratio

Total income (a)


106025

Cost benefit ratio of cauliflower growers

Net income (a) 25000.74

Total cost production (b) 81025.26

of

Cost ratio(a/b) 1: 0.30

benefit

COCLUSION

The average yield 183.80 bag/acre in study area. The total income of producer Rs.106025/ acre. The profit of producer was Rs.25000.74/cre.

THANKS

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