Plastic

Asela vimukthi

contents

What is the plastic History and definition Types of plastic products Thermoplastics Thermosetting plastics Nylon Polycarbonates Polythene Polypropylene Polyvinyl chloride Polyvinyl fluoride Advantages and Disadvantages

What is the plastic?? ..

Plastic is a synthetic or semi-synthetic organic solid material.

Plastics are polymers of high molecular weight .

What are they made of??

crude oil Natural origins Rubber or cellulose

History and definition..

Plastic are the family of materials composed of very big molecules. These molecules are called polymers, and their main component is the element carbon (c).

Plastic materials were discovered in the 1960s. so , all the plastic object are only 50 years old.

Most plastic come from chemical process applied to fossil fuels.

Types of plastic products

Plastic bag Plastic coating Plastic furniture Plastic sheet plastic toys Plastic buckets

Main type of plastics

Plastics are of two types

Thermoplastics Thermosetting plastics

How to classify thermoplastic

Are those can be melted many times.

Cellulosics thermoplastics : They are divide into two parts Cellulose acetate Etil cellulose

Petroleum themoplastics : they are divided into few of parts

Polyethylene PVC Polymethyl methacrylate Polstyrene Polypropylene Polyamides

How to classify therosetting

Are the ones that only can be melted once
Pheonlic resin : are also know as bakelite for example: the kitchen some handles are made with bakelite Melomine resisn : is used for example : to cover sheet of wood Polyesters : The majority of the clothes have at least a little percentage of polyester

Types of plastics

Nylon Polycarbonates Polythene Polypropylene Polyvinyl Chloride

Polyvinyl fluoride Phenol resins Melamine resin Glass-fiber (rain forced polyesters)

Nylon

Nylon has been widely used in doors and windows, furniture and cold water fittingThis one is widely use for textile fiber..

Strengths(Nylon)
Good strength
Good toughness Fair heat resistance Good chemical resistance Low COF

Application(Nylon)
Film
Automotive Electrical/electronics Consumer goods

Polycarbonates

There very tough and resistant to impact. Their main use is in protective cover for light and for electric fitting

Strengths(Polycarbonates)
Excellent

clarity

Excellent
Good

toughness

heat resistance electrical properties

Excellent

Intrinsic flame-retardancy

Excellent strength

Application(Polycarbonates)
Vandal resistant windows

Machine guards
Outdoor signs

Sky lights
Backboards

Bike, roller balding protective

wear

Polythene

This thin film or membrane has poor resistance to sunlight and this material may be use as damp-proof or dampproof membrane for permanent building The first commercially produced polymer is also the simplest and most common; polythene .Its systematic name is poly(ethene) meaning it is a polymer made from the monomer,ethen.Ethene is a small mole cule containing two carbon atoms linked by adouble bond and four hydrogen atom, two bonded to each carbon.

Polypropylene

This is costly and the experience of use limited. It resists higher temperature than polythene and has been suggested for hot water pipes,

Polyvinyl chloride

There are three type of PVC Plasticized (flexible) Unplasticized (rigid) Post-chlorinated PVC

Plasticized = This is flexible and use for pipes etc.. Unplasticized = This one is use for water and rain water pipes.. o Post-chorinate = This material may be use hot water pipes..
o o

Polyvinyl fluoride

This material is available in several colors for lamination to the surface of other material including , aluminum, plywood and plastic..

Advantages of using..

Plastics are cheap and their properties can be easily transformed. Resistant to a lot of chemical products

Good mechanic properties .It can be very difficult to break a piece of plastic.

Disadvantages of using..
Low

strength

Low useful temperature (up to 600f) to environment , moisture and chemical

Sensitive

Poor mach inability Durable very slow degradation ( hundreds of year)

Thank you for your attention