TYPES OF METALS

METALS
Types Of Metals
Ferrous Metals
- Ferrous metals are those metals which contain iron. They may have small amounts of other metals or other elements added, to give the required properties. All ferrous metals are magnetic and give little resistance to corrosion.

METALS
Types Of Metals
Ferrous Metals
Mild Steel
-It is the most commonly used ferrous metal. Its major properties are Toughness, high tensile strength and ductility. -The metal is low on carbon content it can not be hardened and tempered. -It must be case hardened. It is normally used in manufacturing of girders, plates, nuts and bolts and other general purposes.

METALS
Types Of Metals
Ferrous Metals
Cast Iron
-Cast iron is another example of commonly used ferrous metal. -It is hard, brittle, strong, cheap, and selflubricating ferrous metal. -It is normally used in the manufacturing of heavy crushing machinery. car cylinder blocks, vices, machine tool parts, brake drums, machine handle and gear wheels, plumbing fitments etc. -Its an important ferrous metal in automotive pressing.

METALS
Types Of Metals
Ferrous Metals
High Tensile Steel
-It is very strong and very tough ferrous metal and is exclusively used for manufacturing of Gears, shafts, engine parts etc. -This is one of the most frequently used ferrous metals in industries because of its strength, hardness and toughness.

METALS
Types Of Metals
Ferrous Metals
Stainless Steel
-Its another very important ferrous metal. It comprises of 18% chromium, and 8% nickel. -Its special characteristic is its strong resistance to corrosion. -Its common uses are Kitchen draining boards, Pipes, cutlery and aircraft.

METALS
Types Of Metals
Ferrous Metals
Medium Carbon Steel
-As the name suggests, this ferrous metal contains less Carbon contents, 0.30% to 0.70%. -It is stronger and harder than mild steels, less ductile, tough and malleable. -It is used in making metal ropes, wire, garden tools, springs etc.

METALS
Types Of Metals
Ferrous Metals
High Speed Steel
-High speed steel is also a ferrous metal. It contains medium carbon, tungsten, chromium and vanadium. -It can be hardened, tempered and can be brittle. Its special characteristic is that it retains hardness at high temperatures.

METALS
Types Of Metals
Ferrous Metals
High Carbon Steel
-a ferrous metal which contains of 0.70% to 1.40% carbon. -The major characteristic is its hardness. -It is the hardest of the carbon steels, but is less ductile, tough and malleable. -It is used in making Chisels, hammers, drills, files, lathe tools, taps and dies.

METALS
Types Of Metals
Non-Ferrous Metals
-are those metals which does not contain iron . -They are not magnetic and are usually more resistant to corrosion than ferrous metals. -Most commonly used non ferrous metals are Aluminum, Copper, Brass, Lead, Tin, Gilding Metal and Zinc.

METALS
Types Of Metals
Non-Ferrous Metals
Aluminum
-is a widely used non ferrous metal. It is GrayishWhite in color, soft and malleable. -This non ferrous metal is conductive to heat and electricity. It is corrosion resistant. -It can be welded but this is difficult. -Special processes need to be adopted in order to weld it properly. -Due to its light weight, it is used in the manufacturing of aircrafts and boats. -Its other uses are window frames, saucepans, packaging and insulation, pistons and cranks.

METALS
Types Of Metals
Non-Ferrous Metals
Copper
-is another very important pure non ferrous metal. Its red in colour, tough and ductile. -It is very good electrical conductor and offers great resistance to corrosion. -Copper can work hard or cold but it needs frequent annealing. -Copper is mostly used in the manufacturing of electric wires, cables and conductors. -Its other uses are water and central heating pipes and cylinders, Printed circuit boards and manufacturing of special roofs.

METALS
Types Of Metals
Non-Ferrous Metals
Brass
-Another important non ferrous metal is Brass which is not a pure metal but combination of Copper and Zinc. -It contains 65% copper and 35% Zinc. This non ferrous metal is very corrosive, yellow in colour, tarnishes very easily. -It is harder than copper and its good electrical conductor.

METALS
Types Of Metals
Non-Ferrous Metals
Lead
-is a pure and an important non ferrous metal. It is the heaviest common metal. -The other characteristics are its softness, malleability and brightness. -It is shiny metal when new but quickly oxidizes to a dull grey. It has resistant to corrosion. -Its uses are different than other non ferrous metals. -It is used in protection against X-Ray machine, Paints, roof coverings, flashings etc.

METALS
Types Of Metals
Non-Ferrous Metals
Tin
-is a pure non ferrous metal. -It is white in color, soft and corrosion resistant. - It is used in Tinplate and making bronze.

METALS
Other Types Of Metals
Base Metals
-The metal that is to be worked. -The principal metal of an alloy. -Any metal that will oxidize when heated in air. The metal of parts to be welded.

-Metal to which cladding or plating is applied. Also known as basis metal.

METALS
Other Types Of Metals
Noble Metals
- refers to those metals that are highly resistant to chemical reaction or corrosion, meaning that they will not easily dissolve in a solvent or rust.