Presented by: Elisha Gay C.

Hidalgo, RND

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INTRODUCTION COMPOSITIONAL AND NUTRITIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF GOAT MILK STUDIES ON BENEFITS FOR GUT HEALTH STUDIES ON ALLERGENICITY INFANT/CHILDREN STUDIES MESSAGE TO CONSUMERS

 To illustrate the nutritional and

therapeutic value of goat milk To compare goat milk with human milk and cows milk To discuss nutritional studies with goat milk in infants and young children

 Caprine Milk Goats Milk

Bovine Milk Cows Milk

 Goats have been associated with man for

centuries, and are considered to be the oldest of domesticated farm animals. Goat milk, and the cheese made from it, were venerated in ancient Egypt.

In Greek mythology, the infant Zeus was reared on goat-nymph Amalthaea.

 The goat played an important

role in providing a vital part of the diet for early sailors and explorers. According to Chinese medicine, goat milk is believed to be of particular benefit to the throat and trachea.

 According to FAO data(2001), which has been cited

by Haenlein (2004),the number of goat farms in the world increased by some 58% between 1980 and 2000.

 Dairy Goats generally

produce between 660 to 1800L of milk per 305-day lactation On average, at least 6lb or 2.7L of milk per day. Male lactation is also known to occur in goats

 Smaller diameter of fat globules , as well as

better distribution in the lipid emulsion has a significant influence on digestibility in the human organism (Park, 1994).

Three of the MCT have actually been named after goats, because of their predominance in goat milk.

caproic (C6:0), caprylic (C8:0), capric (C10:0)

Both goat and adapted (whey-enhanced) cow milk infant formula provided very similar quantities of amino acids when compared to human milk.

Nucleotides Free amino acids Polyamines

 USDA tables show

higher levels of 6 of the 10 essential amino acids in caprine milk than in bovine milk.

Lactose is the major carbohydrate in caprine milk.

 The mineral profile of

goat's milk compared better with that of cow's milk than with that of human milk.

Only breast milk contains the combination and quantity needed for a young baby.

Prosser C et al (2001). New Zealand goat milk reduces gut damage by indomethacin. Poster paper presented at the NZ Bioactive Conference, Hamilton, New Zealand, 2001.

Animal studies carried out by Prosser et al, 2001 and

2004, have shown that goat milk was beneficial in preventing damage to the gastrointestinal mucosa caused by several stress factors.

 goat milk powder was equally as effective as bovine

colostrum powder, and both may be of benefit in other situations where gastrointestinal barrier function is compromised.

 Several clinical studies show some reduction in allergy

symptoms in infants already sensitized to cow milk, whom are fed goat milk.

 The use of goat's milk cannot

be recommended to patients with cow's milk allergy without investigation of possible tolerance by a specialist. For the 25 % of patients that tolerate goat's protein, goat's milk can be an excellent substitute in children older than 2 years old (Infante, et al 2003).

 Lactoglobulin, which has

been said to cause cow milk allergies, was detected in large quantity in the domestic breed goat milk, suggesting that domestic breed goat milk may induce cow milk-like allergy.

From the viewpoint of disease prevention, intervention of goat milk in the diet of HIV/AIDS infected children may be a choice to be pursued so as to combat the undernutrition of deficiency states in developing countries. (Belewu & Adewole, 2009).

 A clinical

study, conducted in New Zealand in 2001 and 2002, compared the growth of infants fed with goat milk formula and cow milk formula.

 There was no difference bet groups bowel motion

consistency, duration of crying and ease of settling. Although, greater than the CMF group, the frequency of bowel motion was not excessive and was not assoc with any significant difference in consistency.

In particular, this study shows that adequate growth is sustained over the first half of infancy when GMF is the predominant source of nutrition. Breastmilk remains the food choice for infants, but for infants who can not be breastfed, this study shows that GMF is an appropriate alternative.

These results suggest that goat's

milk has a nutritional value similar to that of cow's milk and could be used as an alternative to cow's milk for rehabilitating undernourished children. (Razafrindakato, et al, 1993).

 "Many anecdotal reports have

described a host of morbidities associated with that practice, including severe electrolyte abnormalities, metabolic acidosis, megaloblastic anemia, allergic reactions including lifethreatening anaphylactic shock, hemolytic uremic syndrome, and infections."

Goat milk is often presented as the solution for people with a cow milk protein allergy. Unfortunately this is often not the case. Formulae derived from goats milk is also unsuitable for lactose intolerance babies with as it contains similar levels of lactose to cows milk based infant formula.

It is worthwhile trying goat milk as an alternative for cow milk, in consultation with your doctor or nutritionist, provided that the allergic symptoms are not life threatening, and the person involved is above 1 year of age.

 Like cow milk, goat

milk is not suitable for infants use unless modified and fortified to meet infant formula regulations. Breastmilk is still the most complete food for infants.

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The exact chemical properties of breastmilk are not fully understood. A mothers breast milk changes in response to the feeding habits of her baby. Breast milk includes the mothers antibodies that help the babies avoid or fight off infections.