DEFINITION OF A PRESENTATION

A structured, prepared and

speech-based means of
communicating information, ideas, or arguments
to a group of interested people
in order to inform or persuade them
 PREPARATION IS EVERYTHING!

•Preparation and planning will bring you total confidence

•Your audience will feel your confidence, and will in turn feel
confident

•This will give you control of your audience and of your

presentation

• With control, you will be 'in charge' and your audience will
listen positively to your message
 PRESENTATION PROCESS

All presentations have a common objective

People give presentations because
they want to communicate in order to

INFORM

TRAIN

PERSUADE

SELL
 OBJECTIVE

Your objective should be clear in your mind.

If it is not clear in your mind,
it cannot possibly be clear to your audience

WHY AM I MAKING THIS PRESENTATION?

Do I need to:
Inform ? Persuade? train ? Or sell?
 Audience
WHO AM I MAKING THIS PRESENTATION TO?

•Who are they?

Business people
Professional people
Political people
Experts or non-experts

•How many people?

Will it be a small, intimate group of 4 colleagues
or a large gathering of 400 competitors?

•How much do they know already and

what will they expect from you?
 VENUE
WHERE AM I MAKING THIS PRESENTATION

•A small hotel meeting-room

•A large conference hall

WHAT FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT ARE AVAILABLE:

• Acoustics
• OHP
• Air conditioning
• Seating arrangements
• Time of presentation
• Snacks
 METHOD

HOW SHOULD I MAKE THIS PRESENTATION

What approach should you use:

•Formal or informal
•Lots of visual aids or only a few
•Whether to include anecdotes and humor
A PRESENTATION SPEECH IS LIKE A LOVE AFFAIR

ANY FOOL CAN START ONE, BUT TO END IT

ONE REQUIRES CONSIDERABLE SKILL
 CONTENT : WHAT SHOULD I SAY

•Brainstorm your ideas: You will discover many

ideas that you want to include in your presentation

•Be selective: include only information that is

relevant to your audience and your objective

•Create a title for your presentation

•Remember, less is better than more:

You can always give additional information
during the Q/A session
 STRUCTURE

Most presentations are organized in THREE parts

1.Tell ‘em what you’re going to tell ‘em

2. Tell ‘em

3.Tell ‘em what you’ve told ‘em .

 1. Short introduction:

•welcome your audience

•Build rapport

•introduce your subject

•explain the structure of your

presentation

•explain rules for questions

 2. BODY OF PRESENTATION

PRESENT THE SUBJECT ITSELF:

• Points to be made
• How will these benefit the audience?
• Support material, examples, third party
references, visual aids
• Possible audience objections
3. SHORT CONCLUSION

• Summarize your presentation

• Reiterate your commitment

•Thank your audience

• Invite questions

•
 BODY LANGUAGE

Your clothes
your walk
your glasses
your haircut
your expression

It is from these that your audience forms

its first impression as you enter the room
✸✸✸

The movement of your body

is one of your methods of control
 PROXEMICS
PHYSICAL SPACE

IN A PROFESSIONAL SETTING SPACE IS USED TO SIGNAL

POWER AND STATUS

IN LARGE OPEN SPACE

USE THE PSYCHOLOGICAL POWER OF THIS SPACE
TO YOUR ADVANTAGE

WHEN THERE IS PLENTY OF SPACE TO MANOEUVRE,

MOVE MORE BOLDLY AND EXPAND GESTURES

WHEN SEATED AT A TABLE, USE MILDER GESTURES.

 VOICE QUALITY
Do not speak in flat monotonous voice
throughout your presentation
This is the voice that hypnotists use to put their patients to
sleep!

Speed: you can speak at normal speed – faster - or slowly.

- and you can stop completely!
A very good technique for gaining audience attention.

Intonation:You can speak in a high or a low tone.

Volume: you can speak at normal volume, loudly, and speak

quietly. Lowering your voice and speaking quietly
can help catch audience interest.
 SIGNPOSTING
Function Language

Introducing
•I'd like to start by...
the subject
•Let's begin by...
•First of all, I'll...
•Starting with...
•I'll begin by...

Finishing one
•Well, I've told you about...
subject
•That's all I have to say about...
•We've looked at...
•So much for...
Starting another point •Now we'll move on to...
•Let me turn now to...
•Next...
•Turning to...
•I'd like now to discuss...
•Let's look now at...

Analyzing a point; •Where does that lead us?

giving •Let's consider this in more detail...
recommendations •What does this mean for ABC?
•Translated into real terms...
Giving
example •For example,...
•A good example of this is...
•As an illustration,...
•To give you an example,...
•To illustrate this point...

•We'll be examining this point in more

Dealing with detail later on...
questions •I'd like to deal with this question later,
if I may...
•I'll come back to this question later
in my talk...
•Perhaps you'd like to raise this point
at the end...
•I won't comment on this now...
SUMMARIZING AND CONCLUDING:

•In conclusion,...
•Right, let's sum up, shall we?
•I'd like now to recap...
•Let's summarize briefly what we've looked at...
•Finally, let me remind you of some of the
issues we've covered...
•If I can just sum up the main points...
 QUESTIONS

•Questions are a good opportunity for you to interact

with your audience

•Try to predict what questions will be asked and prepare

your response in advance

•Be polite with all questioners.They are showing interest

in what you have to say and they deserve attention

•Ask for comment from the rest of the audience

 WHY USE VISUAL AIDS ?

Increases your persuasiveness

resenters using visuals conduct meetings in 28% less time

ncreases audience retention

hen visuals are added to an oral presentation, retention increas

by about 10%. Students learn vocabulary

wice as well when the instructor uses visual aids

Improves understanding
 TIPS FOR SUCCESSFUL VISUAL AID
•Try to limit visuals to about 40 words.
• Avoid clutter. Use large, bold fonts.
• Feel free to use italics, boldfaces and colors
to embellish points
•Your language should be punchy and concise
with "you" appeal (!)
•Condense paragraphs into sentences, sentences into
phrases, and phrases into key words
•Use pictures or designs to quickly and colorfully
convey an idea
•Charts and graphs are useful to show relationships
among variables at a glance
•Action words such as "grow," "decline" and "trend"
effectively show change over time.
•Whether you use a line, bar, pie, organizational,
flow or table chart, remember to focus on the message,
not the numbers. ‘Sales results show significant rises’
will be much more effective than ‘Sales 2000’
•The average time a slide should be on screen is
40 to 90 seconds
•The average attention time span of an audience
can be as low as 8 minutes.
•Have hard copies of your presentation available as
handouts
• Use clip art judiciously
•Good transitions help tie your presentation together
and make it flow smoothly from one idea to the next
 PRESENTATION CHECKLIST
•· Practice where you will be presenting
•· Devise your presentation yourself and make it
memorable
· Rehearse until it becomes second nature and
you can then concentrate on your audience
· Run the presentation through your head repeatedly
· Say it aloud whenever you find yourself alone
· See what you look like doing it
• Practice in front of other people and seek
honest feedback
THANK YOU