WiMAX 16e Capacity Planning

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

www.
huawei. com
ISSUE 1.0
Grasp the WiMAX 16e service model
Master factors that limit the WiMAX 16e
capacity
Master the evaluation method and procedure
of WiMAX 16e multi-service capacity
After this course, you will:
Objective
Chapter 1 WiMAX 16e Service Model
Chapter 2 WiMAX 16e Capacity Analysis
Chapter 3 Capacity Evaluation Method
and Procedure
Contents
Chapter 1 WiMAX 16e Service Model
1.1 Overview
1.2 Principle
1.3 Parameters
Contents
Overview of WiMAX 16e Service Model
Type 1 - Interactive game: Low bit rate, real-time, high burst, asynchronization, asymmetric
uplink and downlink traffic, and interactive.
Type 2 - VoIP (Voice over IP) and video meeting: The bit rate is between low bit speed
and middle bit speed, real-time, synchronization, symmetric uplink and downlink traffic, and
interactive.
Type 3 - Streaming media: The bit rate is between low bit rate and middle bit rate, not in
real time, low delay jitter, synchronization, asymmetric uplink and downlink traffic, non-
interactive.
Type 4 - IM and WWW network browsing (basic Internet application): The bit rate is
between low bit rate and middle bit rate, no information loss, asymmetric, asynchronous
uplink and downlink traffic, middle delay, and interactive.
Type 5 - File transmission and media download: The bit rate is between low bit rate and
middle bit rate, no information loss, low priority, non-real time, asymmetric, and
asynchronous uplink and downlink traffic.
Chapter 1 WiMAX 16e Service Model
1.1 Overview
1.2 Principle
1.3 Parameters
Contents
WiMAX 16e Service Module Principle
Type 1: interactive game module
Define parameters of a session: packet call, reading time, packet arrival interval, mean data
rate of package call.
Simplified
module
WiMAX 16e Service Model Principle
Type 2: VoIP and video meeting
Various
applications such
as voice, video
and data, form
video meeting
service frames
through different
protocol stacks.
Considering single voice
user, the entire service
period falls into OFF and ON
periods. In the ON period,
users send fixed size packet
in fixed time and generate
voice data. In the OFF
period, no data is generated.
WiMAX 16e Service Model Principle
Type 3: Streaming media
Each frame of the video data arrives at the destination in specified time interval (T). Each
frame can be divided into data splits of fixed amount. The size of data split is dependent on
the cut Pareto distribution.

The parameter T is dependent on the data frame amount of each second. Dc is the delay
that the video coder introduced to the 1-frame data split (packet data). The delay period
also conforms to the cut Pareto distribution. TB is the de-jitter cache data window that the
receiver sets to ensure the consecutive display video stream.
WiMAX 16e Service Model Principle
Type 4: WEB and IM
A session is equal to
browsing a web site. A
packet call is equal to
browsing a web page in
the website. Reading time
is the time for reading all
or partial contents of the
web page.
Instant message falls
into instant text
message and instant
multi-media message.
WiMAX 16e Service Model Principle
Type 5: FTP and E-Mail
FTP: Users include file technology working personnel with large common FTP transmission
and users rarely use FTP. An FTP transmission has several files. The time interval between
file transmission is the reading time.

E-Mail: Users include the technical working personnel using large mail attachment and the
users rarely use mails. The maximum e-mail attachment cannot exceed a certain limit,
such as 20M bytes. Most email servers limit the email size, including the attachment size.
PC
D

Chapter 1 WiMAX 16e Service Model
1.1 Overview
1.2 Principle
1.3 Parameters
Contents
WiMAX 16e Service Model Parameters
Basic parameters:
Service penetration rate: the ratio of all intra-net subscribers that use the
services
BHSA: busy hour session attempts of a single user using the service
PPP session time (s): time that users use the service
Session service load (kbit): traffic of each user generated for each session
Bearing rate (kbps): bearing rate of the service
BLER: block error rate
PPP session duty ratio: ratio of actual data transmission time to user use time
You can get the following parameters through the previous parameters:
Throughput/Session (kbit) = PPP session time (s) X PPP session duty ratio X
bearing rate (kbps) X [1/(1BLER)]
Busy hour throughput/user (kbit) = BHSA X Throughput/Session (kbit)
Busy hour throughput of a service = BHSA X Throughput/Session (kbit) X
penetration rate
Introduction to service layer parameters:
Service module parameters include: service penetration rate, BHSA, PPP session time,
session traffic, bearing rate, BLER, busy hour throughput of each user, PPP session duty ratio.
WiMAX 16e Service Model Parameters
Typical parameters of various service models
WiMAX 16e Service Model Parameters
Typical parameters of various service models
WiMAX 16e Service Model Parameters
Typical parameters of various service models
Summary: WiMAX 16e Service Model
Characteristics of system capacity: relate to user
distribution, user profile, system demodulation
threshold, modulation coding mode, networking
mode, scheduling algorithm, and co-channel
interference.
5 service models: interactive game, voice over IP
(voice over IP), video meeting, streaming media,
instant message (IM), WWW network browsing (the
basic Internet application), file transmission and
media download
Service model principle and VoIP service model
introduction: various service model principle
diagram and parameter introduction of various
service models.
Chapter 2 WiMAX 16e Capacity Analysis
2.1 Capacity Analysis Concept
2.2 Single-User Capacity Calculation
2.3 Single-Site Capacity Calculation
2.4 Single-Site Emulation Capacity
2.5 Factors Affecting Capacity
Contents
Capacity Analysis Concept
Traffic model analysis/requirement analysis: Specify
customer requirements, get the total user number,
user convergence ratio, service bearing rate and so
on.
Analyze the traffic model, and get single-user
throughput.
Analyze customer resources and networking modes:
Specify requirements such as customer frequency
resources and channel bandwidth. Select the best
networking mode.
Get the single-site throughput or number of users can
be bore by the single site through the emulation data.
Total throughput = Number of users on line at the
same time X Number of BTSs of user throughput =
Total throughput/Single-site throughput
Traffic model analysis
/ requirement analysis
Single-user
capacity
Single-site
capacity
Number of sites
Customer resource
networking analysis
Total throughput
Chapter 2 WiMAX 16e Capacity Analysis
2.1 Capacity Analysis Concept
2.2 Single-User Capacity Calculation
2.3 Single-Site Capacity Calculation
2.4 Single-Site Emulation Capacity
2.5 Factors Affecting Capacity
Contents
Single-User Capacity Calculation
VoIP service can calculate single-user throughput through Erl or through the previous VoIP service typical
parameters. The uplink rate to downlink rate of VoIP service is 1:1.
According to the Erl, single-user busy hour throughput of VoIP service = Erl X Physical layer rate (bearing rate). The
VoIP adopts different coding mode to relate to different bearing rate.
According to the VoIP service typical parameters: single-user busy hour throughput of VoIP service = PPP session
time(s) X PPP session duty ratio X bearing rate (kbps) X [1/(1-BLER)] X BHSA X penetration rate
Pure VoIP service throughput
Bit rate
Bearing rate,
different coding
modes
generate
different
bearing rates.
EVRC and
G.723.1 coding
mode are
recommended.
Single-User Capacity Calculation
Calculate mixed average throughput based on various rates
Assume the condition and middle output result
Single-user busy hour mixed mean throughput rate
Mixed throughput of single-user busy hour = (T
i
)/3600
T
i
: Type i service throughput of single user (based on various services or various rates)
Mean mixed throughput rate of UL single-user in busy hour = (64X45% + 128X30% +
256X20% + 512X5%) X 500 X 30%/3600 = 21600/3600 = 6Kbps
Mean mixed throughput of DL single-user in busy hour = (64X5% + 128X15% + 256X25%
+ 512X30% + 1024X20% + 2048X5%) X 500 X 30%/3600 = 82080/3600 = 22.8Kbps
Single-User Capacity Calculation
Based on mixed mean throughput rate of various services
Assumption condition
Middle output result
Single-user busy hour throughput
= PPP session time(s) X PPP
session duty ratio X bearer rate
(kbps) X [1/(1-BLER)] X BHSA X
penetration rate
Mean mixed throughput rate of UL
single user in busy hour =
61947.307/3600 = 17.208 Kbps
Mean mixed throughput of DL
single user in busy hour =
141274.580/3600 = 39.243 Kbps
Chapter 2 WiMAX 16e Capacity Analysis
2.1 Capacity Analysis Concept
2.2 Single-User Capacity Calculation
2.3 Single-Site Capacity Calculation
2.4 Single-Site Emulation Capacity
2.5 Factors Affecting Capacity
Contents
Single-Site Capacity Calculation
Modulation and coding mode supported by the WIMAX system
Supported Code and Modulations
Modulation
DL UL
QPSK16QAM64QAM QPSK16QAM64QAM
CC (Convolution Code) 1/2,2/3,3/4,5/6 1/2,2/3,3/4,5/6
CTC (Convolution Turbo
Code)
1/2,2/3,3/4,5/6 1/2,2/3,3/4,5/6
Repetition x2,x4,x6 x2,x4,x6
In cases that the input conditions are the same, different modulation and
coding mode directly affect the single-site capacity and single-user rate.
Single-Site Capacity Calculation
WiMAX physical frame structure
Each frame has 48 symbols. The resources used by common parts (such as DL-MAP and FCH) of
the frame are various. In the worst wireless environment, the frame downlink uses 7 symbols, the
uplink uses 3 symbols, and TTG uses 1 symbol. Generally, it is recommended that downlink uses
5 symbols, uplink uses 3 symbols, and TTG uses 1 symbol.
Uplink and
downlink use
different
character ratio,
thus directly
affecting single-
site uplink and
downlink
throughput.
Capacity Analysis Concept
Data capacity of WiMAX system in various replacement modes
DL-FUSC
Parameters Values
System Bandwidth(MHz) 1.25 2.5 5 10 20
FFT Size(Nfft) 128 N/A 512 1024 2048
Number of Guard Sub-carriers 22 N/A 86 173 345
Number of Used Sub-carriers 106 N/A 426 851 1703
Number of Data Sub-carriers 96 N/A 384 768 1536
Number of Pilot Sub-carriersuses both variable and constant sets) 9* N/A 42 83 166
Number of Pilot Sub-channels 2 N/A 8 16 32
Mobile WIMAX PHY Data Rates with PUSC Sub-Channel
Parameter Downlink Uplink Downlink Uplink
System Bandwidth 5MHz 10MHz
FFT Size 512 1024
Null Sub-Carriers 92 104 184 184
Pilot Sub-Carriers 60 136 120 280
Data Sub-Carriers 360 272 720 560
Sub-Channels 15 17 30 35
In the FUSC replacement mode, each sub-channel consists of 48 data sub-carriers. In the PUSC replacement mode,
each sub-channel consists of 24 data sub-carriers (DL). Different channel bandwidth and placement mode can directly
affect the single-site throughput. The number of sub-channels assigned to single user directly affect the single-user
throughput.
There are two modes for calculating single-site.
Single-Site Capacity Calculation
Fixed parameters:
DL-FUSC: The number of sub-channels is 16. Each slot has 1 sub-channel X 1 symbol.
DL-PUSC: The number of sub-channels is 30. Each slot has 1 sub-channel X 2 symbols.
UL-PUSC: The number of sub-channels is 35. Each slot has 1 sub-channel X 3 symbols.
Assumption condition:
Assign 32 characters for downlink, assign 15 characters for uplink. The TDD scale time is DL:UL =
32:15.
The downlink modulation mode is 64QAM, and the coding mode is 5/6. Uplink modulation mode is
16QAM, and the coding mode is 3/4.
The channel bandwidth is 10MHz.
DL-FUSC throughput = 16 (number of sub-channels) X 48 (data sub-carriers) X 32 (number of symbols) X 6
(64QAM) X (5/6) (coding mode)/5(duration of each frame) = 24576000bps, namely 24.576Mbps
UL-PUSC throughput = 35 (number of sub-channels) X 16 (data sub-carriers) X 15 (number of symbols) X 4
(16QAM) X (3/4) (coding mode)/5(duration of each frame) = 5040000bps, namely 5.04Mbps
DL-PUSC throughput = 30 (number of sub-channels) X 24 (data sub-carriers) X 32 (number of symbols)
X 6 (64QAM) X (5/6) (coding mode)/5 (duration of each frame) = 23040000bps, namely 23.04Mbps
UL-PUSC throughput = 35 (number of sub-channels) X 16 (data sub-carriers) X 15 (number of symbols)
X 4 (16QAM) X (3/4) (coding mode)/5 (duration of each frame) = 5040000bps, namely 5.04Mbps
Mode 1: Calculate by frame
Mode 2: Calculate by symbol period
Downlink physical layer rate:
Single-Site Capacity Calculation
48
32 ) 1 /( ) (
_
_

|
|
.
|

\
| +
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
FFT
r r s subcarrier data
s subcarrier data
N
CP BW n
C M N
Period Symbol
symbol per bits n Inf ormatio
N Rate Data Phy
Ndata_subcarriers: Refer to the number of sub-carriers used for data. The downlink of
10MHz bandwidth PUSC is 720 and uplink is 560.
Mr: Modulation order number, BPSK=1, QPSK=2, 16QAM=4, 64QAM=6
CrCoding order number, 1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6
n: Sampling rate. The parameter together with BW and Nused determine the sub-
carrier interval and effective symbol time. The value is set according to the following
rule. If the channel bandwidth is integer times of 1.75MHZ, n=8/7. If the channel
bandwidth is integer times of 1.25/1.5/2/2.75MHZ, n=28/25. If the bandwidth is different
from the specified one, n8/7.
BW: channel bandwidth, 5MHz, 10MHz
CP: cyclic prefix, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, generally 1/8 is used.
Nfft: number of total sub-carriers. 10MHz bandwidth is 1024.
In the coding modulation mode, the calculation mode of uplink physical layer
throughput is the same as downlink; however, 32/48 needs to changed to 15/48.
MAC layer throughput of uplink and downlink coding modulation method
Assumption condition:
Downlink overhead uses 5 symbols, uplink uses 3. TDD scale time is DL:UL=32:15
Channel bandwidth is 10 MHz.
Single-Site Capacity Calculation
MAC efficiency is related to system scenario, scheduling algorithm, power
control, and user amount. Generally, downlink MAC layer overhead is 15%,
and uplink MAC layer overhead is 20%.
For the physical layer rate and MAC layer rate of 5MHz channel bandwidth or
other channel bandwidth, refer to 10MHz calculation method.
The assignment rate of downlink to uplink is 29:18 or others. For the relevant
physical layer rate and MAC layer rate, refer to the calculation method of
32:15.
MAC data rate = Phy data rate X (1 - MAC layer spending)
DL-FUSC MAC throughput = 24576000 X (1-5/32) = 20736000bps, namely 20.736Mbps
UL-PUSC MAC throughput = 5040000 X (1-3/15) = 4032000bps, namely 4.032Mbps
DL-PUSC MAC throughput = 23040000 X (1-5/32) = 19440000, namely 19.44Mbps
Chapter 2 WiMAX 16e Capacity Analysis
2.1 Capacity Analysis Concept
2.2 Single-User Capacity Calculation
2.3 Single-Site Capacity Calculation
2.4 Single-Site Emulation Capacity
2.5 Factors Affecting Capacity
Contents
WiMAX 16e system scheduling algorithm includes RR, MAX C/I, and PR.
Single-Site Emulation Capacity
Round robin (RR) is to ensure that users in a cell communicate by using wireless resources of
the same time according to a certain sequential circle. Each user relates to a queue to store
data to be transferred. During the scheduling, nonempty queue accepts services and transfers
data in the round robin way. RR algorithm is the most fair and easy to implement; however, the
system throughput is low.
Maximum carrier to interference (MAX C/I) is a ) typical scheduling algorithm that use "multi-
user diversity effect" to implement maximum system capacity. The basic Concept is that arrange
all mobile stations to be served according to the C/I estimation value, and send them in
descending order. MAX C/I algorithm is the most unfair and the system throughput is high;
however, the implementation is easy.
Proportional Fair (PF) algorithm assigns a relevant priority to each user in the cell. Users with
the highest priority in the cell receive services. The fairness and system throughput of PF
algorithm is between RR algorithm and MAX C/I algorithm.
The most commonly used scheduling algorithms are RR and PF.
Assumption condition: TDD Scale Time DL:UL=32:15, scenario Urban. Configure 2T2R for BS antenna, and configure
1T1R for SS antenna
In the uplink and downlink coding modulation mode, the throughput rate emulation value of the physical layer and mean
throughput emulation value
Networking mode 1: PUSC 1 X 3 X 1
Single-Site Emulation Capacity
Theoretical
calculation
peek
Mean
throughput
Networking mode 2: FFR 1 X 3 X 1
Single-Site Emulation Capacity
Theoretical
calculation
peek
Mean
throughput
Networking mode 3: FUSC 1 X 3 X 3
Single-Site Emulation Capacity
Theoretical
calculation
peek
Mean
throughput
Chapter 2 WiMAX 16e Capacity Analysis
2.1 Capacity Analysis Concept
2.2 Single-User Capacity Calculation
2.3 Single-Site Capacity Calculation
2.4 Single-Site Emulation Capacity
2.5 Factors Affecting Capacity
Contents
Factors Affecting Capacity
WiMAX 16e system realize the time-domain and frequency-domain two-dimension structure. Therefore,
the impact of edge rate on the entire system capacity is far less than that on one-dimension system
(WCDMA, CDMA, or GSM).
WiMAX 16e system capacity is related to user distribution, user profile, system demodulation threshold,
networking mode (sub-carrier placement mode), coding modulation mode, and scheduling algorithm.
WiMAX 16e system is a pure data service network; therefore, the forward and backward capacity of
WiMAX are different.
WiMAX 16e supports eight modulation coding modes from QPSK 1/2 to 64QAM 5/6. Users in the
coverage area can select relevant modulation modes.
WiMAX 16e system coverage and capacity are related, but are affected by the
modulation coding mode. The higher the modulation coding mode, the higher the
system capacity and the less the coverage radius.
In certain networking condition, the maximum coverage radius of WiMAX single
sector is certain, and will not be reduced with the increasing of single-sector throughput,
and vice versa.
WiMAX 16e system does not support soft switch. Because frequency resources are
limited. In a long period, co-channel networking will be used. Therefore, co-channel
interference will have certain impact on the throughput.
Cell center area, the system interface is mainly multi-path components. Cell boarder,
the system interference is mainly neighbor interference.
Factors Affecting Capacity
Different channel model (moving rate) results in different system demodulation threshold, thus has great impact on
system capacity.
The system capacity is closely related to users, service types, wireless environment, and wireless resources
assignment mechanism.
The system bandwidth directly affect the system capacity. The bandwidth increases in integer times, and so does the
system capacity.
The lower the modulation coding mode used by single user is, the greater the coverage distance and the lower the
throughput is.
The higher the error rate BLER is, the more attempts of resending and the less the
system capacity are.
Every time the repeated coding times increases, 3dB gain is added, the coverage range
increases, and the system capacity decreases.
Adopt the HARQ mixed automatic re-send technology to reduce the resend time, related to
ARQ increases the cell throughput.
The system overhead used by common channels is in negative correlation with the
effective system throughput.
Use different scenarios to generate different capacities. In general, Dense Urban < Urban
< Sub-urban < Rural. This is because the impact of inter-sector networking interference is
greater than that of inadequate scenario power on the throughput.
Adopt different antenna configurations (MIMO Matrix A, B and C) to affect the system
capacity.
Factors Affecting Capacity
Impact of MIMO technology on system capacity
If the MIMO Matrix A is applied to STTD mode, the SISO coverage capacity is greatly increased.
With the increasing of coverage distance, the system capacity is also improved. MIMO Matrix A
adopts different antenna configurations to generate different system capacity and coverage radius.
The system capacity and coverage radius configured by using 2T2R antenna are greater than that
configured by using 2T1R antenna.
Currently, MIMO Matrix A terminal does not support 2T.
Factors Affecting Capacity
Impact of MIMO technology on system capacity
The previous comparison is based on the FFR 1X3X1 networking mode. MIMO Matrix B and
MIMO Matrix C are used for the SM mode. Of which, MIMO Matrix C only applies to 4
antennas. Currently, Huawei does not implement MIMO Matrix B; therefore, relevant emulation
number cannot be provided. Relevant data is referred on the BBS. Only when MIMO Matrix
A+B is implemented, free handover between MIMO Matrix A and MIMO Matrix B can be
implemented.
Roadmap implemented by MIMO antenna:
MIMO Matrix AQ3,2007, applied to product V1.0
MIMO Matrix BQ3,2008, applied to product V2.0
MIMO Matrix CQ3,2009 , applied to product V3.0
Summary: WiMAX 16e Capacity
Analysis
Capacity analysis concept: traffic module analysis (customer
requirement analysis), single-user capacity calculation, single-
site capacity calculation, number of finally obtained BTS.
Single-user capacity calculation: VoIP service throughput
calculation (Erl-based and VoIP service-based typical
parameters). Mixed service throughput calculation (based on
various services and rates)
Single-site capacity calculation: based on symbol period and
frame
Single-site emulation capacity: Provide sector throughput and
site mean throughput of various networking modes and coding
modes.
Factors affecting capacity: coding modulation mode, networking
mode, applicable scenario, co-channel interference, common
channel overhead, BLER, repeated coding, HARQ, resending
attempts.
Contents
Chapter 3 Capacity Estimation Mode and Process
3.1 Basic Concept of Capacity Planning
3.2 Capacity Estimation Realization Process
3.3 Leverage Calculation Realization Process
3.4 Spectral Efficiency Calculation
3.5 Capacity Estimation Cases
Basic Concept of Capacity Planning

Divide the planning areas based on the traffic distribution and clutter
characteristics, such as dense urban, urban, suburban, and rural.
Analyze the traffic model in each target areas.
According to the traffic models of different target areas, determine the single
BTS capacity in the target area and the single user capacity of the area.
Determine the number of BTSs in the target areas where the capacity
requirements are met.
According to the capacity and coverage requirements, determine the BTS
number. Select the site with more BTSs to ensure that the capacity and
coverage requirements are met.

Contents
Chapter 3 Capacity Estimation Mode and Process
3.1 Basic Concept of Capacity Planning
3.2 Capacity Estimation Realization Process
3.3 Leverage Calculation Realization Process
3.4 Spectral Efficiency Calculation
3.5 Capacity Estimation Cases
Capacity Estimation Realization Process

Obtain the cell radius in different scenarios according to the link budget.
According to the radius, search the simulation data table and then obtain the
cell CINR probability distribution. Currently, calculate the CINR distributing ratio
with different cell radiuses in different scenarios according to the Matlable
program provided by the RTT link budget.
Calculate the cell mean throughput.

=
=
N
i
i i
Throughput P oughput CellAvgThr
1
Formula of calculating the cell mean throughput
P
i
is the probability corresponding to CINR
Throughput
i
is the throughput calculated on a basis of CINR. According to different
CINRs, search the table to obtain different modulation schemes and then obtain the
Throughput
i
in different modulation schemes.

Cell mean throughput
ratio
Cell Radius
Simulation result
C/I Probability
distribution
Contents
Chapter 3 Capacity Estimation Mode and Process
3.1 Basic Concept of Capacity Planning
3.2 Capacity Estimation Realization Process
3.3 Leverage Calculation Realization Process
3.4 Spectral Efficiency Calculation
3.5 Capacity Estimation Cases
Leverage Calculation Realization
Process
Yes
No
2. Edge link budget
4. Cell Radius
3. Raw bit rate groups
7. Cell Capacity
9. Cell Radius
1. Input parameters
10. Site Number
8. Cell capacity >
required
5. CINR Distributing Ratio (Simulation Result)
6. Modulation Distributing Ratio
Leverage Calculation Realization
Process
The leverage calculation realization process has the following 10 steps
Input parameters: obtain all the parameters related to the estimation.
Edge link budget: According to the edge rate required by the customer, select the modulation mode for the uplink and
downlink budget and obtain the cell maximum coverage radius.
Bit rate group: calculate the rates corresponding to uplink/downlink modulation modes.
Cell radius: the initial radius is the cell maximum coverage radius calculated by the link budget.
Cell C/I distribution: search the simulation data table according to the coverage radius to obtain the cell
uplink/downlink CINR distribution ratio.
Modulation distributing mode: According to the cell CINR distributing ratio, obtain the cell uplink/downlink modulation
distributing ratio.
Cell capacity: Calculate the cell uplink/downlink capacity respectively according to the cell modulation distributing
ratio and bit rate group.
Judgment: compare the calculated cell capacity with the cell capacity provided during the network planning. If the
calculated cell capacity is smaller than the cell provided capacity, go to step 4. Reduce the cell radius and then
continue to the calculation. If the cell capacity meets the conditions, skip the calculation circle.
Output the cell radius and the radius is the final result.
After the estimation is complete, obtain the single site coverage area, single site capacity, and BTS number.

Contents
Chapter 3 Capacity Estimation Mode and Process
3.1 Basic Concept of Capacity Planning
3.2 Capacity Estimation Realization Process
3.3 Leverage Calculation Realization Process
3.4 Spectral Efficiency Calculation
3.5 Capacity Estimation Cases
Spectral Efficiency Calculation
Assumptions:
TDD Scale Time is DL:UL=32:15
Downlink spectral efficiency per sector = throughput per sector /(32/47) /channel
bandwidth per sector
Downlink spectral efficiency per BTSthroughput per BTS/(32/47)/channel bandwidth
per BTS
Example:
If the channel bandwidth 10 MHz and the networking mode is PUSC 131, the
downlink mean throughput per BTS is 13.854Mbps. The TDD Scale Time is
DL:UL=32:15 .
Downlink mean spectral per sector 13.854/3/(32/47) /10=0.678
Downlink mean spectral efficiency per BTS =13.854/(32/47)/10=2.035
Description:
The spectral efficiency is the mean spectral efficiency obtained according to
the mean throughput.
To obtain the maximum spectral efficiency, use the maximum throughput for calculation.
The uplink spectral efficiency per sector and per BTS are calculated in the same way
as that downlink spectral efficiency.
Calculating Spectral Efficiency
Assumptions:
TDD Scale Time is DL:UL=32:15
2.5 GHz band, 10 MHz channel bandwidth
MIMO Matrix A(UL:1T2R,DL:2T1R)
The mean spectral efficiency in different networking modes is shown in
the following table:
Contents
Chapter 3 Capacity Estimation Mode and Process
3.1 Basic Concept of Capacity Planning
3.2 Capacity Estimation Realization Process
3.3 Leverage Calculation Realization Process
3.4 Spectral Efficiency Calculation
3.5 Capacity Estimation Cases
Estimation Case
Customer requirements: 2.5 GHzFUSC 133 networking mode, TDD Scale
Time is DL:UL=32:15.
Traffic model
Type A service mean throughput =
1.0241/5+0.218 (based on EVRC
coding scheme)/1024. the throughput of
other types of services is calculated in the
same way as that of type A service.
Estimation Cases
Customer requirements
Single site capability
Service distribution ratio in
each city:
In the Beirut, the hybrid service
mean throughput per user
A10 B10 C25
D10 E45
In other cities, the hybrid
service mean throughput per
user is the same as that in the
Beirut.
Total throughput = User
number hybrid service mean
throughput per user
Estimation result
Estimation Case
Coverage based BTS results
Estimation Case
Capacity based BTS results
In three phases, the total number of BTSs based on the capacity is 114.
Considering the balance between the coverage and capacity, the final number of BTSs is
183. The coverage is restricted.
Estimation Case
Appendix: Transmission Capacity Calculation
Calculation related parameters
Service activation rate PPP Session Time(s) X PPP Session Duty Ratio /3600, that is,
transtransport channel occupation rate by a user while transmitting a session.
Service attach rate PPP Session Time(s) /3600, that is, transport channel occupation
rate while transmitting a session.
Single user mean throughput (Mbps PPP Session Time(s) PPP Session Duty Ratio
bearer rate (kbps)[1/(1BLER)] BHSA penetration rate /3600/1024
Number of users carried in single BTS = number of total users /number of restricted BTSs
that is, the number of BTSs with more BTSs based on coverage and capacity )
Throughput carried by uplink/downlink single BTS number of users carried by single
BTS uplink/downlink single user mean throughput
Single BTS transmission capacity MAX (throughput carried by uplink single BTS,
throughput carried by downlink single BTS) 1.2
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