Mudassar Zulfiqar Mudssar.1983@gmail.

com

Challenges of formal organization

1- Race and Gender Patterns of Privilege and Exclusion

U.S Manager in Private Industry by Race and Sex, 2009

Working age pop Management jobs White men in US 33% 64% White women in 33% 24% African Americans men 6% 2% African Americans women 7% 2% Source: U.S. Census Bureau (2010) and U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (2010)

Challenges of formal organization

Ignore talent of half the population Feeling of socially isolated group, non serious attitude Three gender linked patterns

Sally Helgesen (1990)

1- Communication skills, share information 2- Flexible leaders 3- Interconnectedness of all organization operations 4- women are information focus and Men are image focus Deborah Tannen(1994)

Challenges of formal organization

2- Rising competition from Abroad Difference between formal organization of Japan and USA Hired in groups, same salary Hired for life, loyalty Trained workers Leaders Discuss decisions with employees Home mortgages, sponsoring recreational activities, scheduling social events

Challenges of formal organization

3- Changing nature of work

Creative freedom Competitive work team A flatter organization Greater flexibility

The McDonalization of society

The McDonaldization refers to the process by which the principles of the fast-food restaurant are coming to dominate more and more sectors of American society as well as the rest of the world. (Ritzer, 1993:1) Today's society has been affected by McDonaldization including the restaurant business, education, work, healthcare, travel, leisure, dieting, politics and the family (Ritzer, 1996, 1)

Four principles
1- Efficiency Efficiency means reaching a specific end rapidly while using the least amount of cost and effort. Self-serve gasoline, ATMs, microwave dinners, 2- Predictability Predictability refers to structure the environment so that people know what to expect McDonalds prepare all food using set formulas Policies guide the performance of every job

Four principles
3- Uniformity 4- Control When things are pre-packaged, premeasured, and automatically controlled, the human employee is no longer required to think For example, checkers at the grocery store dont have to think they simply scan the barcode, Airplanes are also under the control of computers pilots simply oversee the process

Thank you