Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Purpose of Presentation
I. Provide general description of solar
MPPT techniques II. Describe design of solar MPPT MATLAB model constructed III. Present results of MATLAB simulation IV. Give analysis of results with recommendation for future work
I Basics of MPPT
Solar panel characteristic has non-linear relationship with Temperature and Irradiance MPP also moves non-linearly MPPT can improve efficiency by 15-20%
Increased Efficiency
Logic
1. Change duty cycle
2. Observe
Balance d between size of the oscillation across MPP, and inability to not get confused Two degrees of freedom: d and Ta
Ta
where
Constraints
Boost converter with a typical 12V, 64W solar panel, using the P&O algorithm for MPPT
3 Subsystems
1. Solar Panel 2. Boost
Converter
3. MPPT controller
1 - PV model design
Important equations
Equivalent Circuit
Vpv
1 Temp
Ipv control
ih
+ i -
Rs
s + +
i - 1
Ih
Photocurrent 1
Ipv Vout +
Photocurrent
s -
Diode
+ v -
Rh
Vpv
MATLAB Model
Temp Ih s
2 Vout -
2 Suns
Suns
Ih control
PV model simulation
P-V characteristics for varying irradiance conditions
I-V characteristics for varying irradiance conditions 4.5 S = 300 W/m2 4 3.5 S = 500 W/m2 S = 800 W/m2 S = 1000 W/m2
Panel Power (W)
3 2.5 2 1.5
40
30
20
1 0.5
10
20
0 0 5 10 Panel Voltage (V) 15 20
I-V and P-V characteristics of simulated PV model with various levels of irradiance
Parameters
L = 20 mH
Load
m 2
Cin
Vin -
triangle
Duty cycle
19
18
2.5
17
PV voltage (V)
16
PV current (A)
1.5 D = .1 D = .2
15 D = .1 14 D = .2 D = .3 13
D = .3
0.5
12
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.1
0.12
0.14
0.16
0 0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.1
0.12
0.14
0.16
Voltage and current of input vs. time for various duty cycles
Quick transient decay Low ripple Input source is model of solar panel
Logic
3 MPPT controller
1. Get Power and Duty values of K and K+1 periods 2. Figure out direction of change in duty cycle 3. Change duty cycle 4. Repeat
Timing Sequence
1. Sample new values after transient decays 2. Sample for direction of new d 3. Sample values for use in next period 4. Make change in d
Model of controller
Given values from comparing Pk+1 and Pk and Dk+1 and Dk
NOT
AND OR AND
In S/H
1 Dout
direction .1 -1 delta D
NOT
Memory 2 Dire 1
III - Simulation
Test the system during three types of irradiance
Fast changing irradiance 0.96
1. 2. 3.
0.95
0.94
0.93
0.92
0.91
0.9
0.89
0.2
0.4
0.8
1.2
0.95
0.94
0.93
0.92
0.91
0.9
0.89
0.2
0.4
0.8
1.2
54
54
PV power
52
52
50
50
Power (W)
Power (W)
48
48
46
46
44
44
42
42
40
0.2
0.4
0.8
1.2
40
0.2
0.4
0.8
1.2
Duty Cycle
0.38
0.355
0.35
0.37
0.345
0.36
0.34
duty cycle
0.35
duty cycle
0.335
0.34
0.33
0.33
0.325
0.32
0.32
0.31
0.315
0.3
0.31
0.2
0.4
0.8
1.2
0.2
0.4
0.8
1.2
(d = .02)
(d = .005)
PV power
50
50
49
49
Power (W)
Power (W)
48
48
47
47
46
46
45
45
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 time (s) 0.8 1 1.2
0.2
0.4
0.8
1.2
Duty Cycle
0.38
0.355
0.35
0.37
0.345
0.36
0.34
duty cycle
0.35
duty cycle
0.335
0.34
0.33
0.325
0.33
0.32
0.32
0.315
0.31
0.2
0.4
(d = .02)
0.8
1.2
0.31
0.2
0.4
(d = .005)
0.8
1.2
No Change in Irradiance
52
52
PV power
51
51
50
50
Power (W)
Power (W)
49
49
48
48
47
47
46
46
45
45
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 time (s) 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.3
0.35
0.4
0.45
0.5
(d = .02)
(d = .005)
IV - Results
Average Power in each simulation
d .02 .005
These results were found using the mean statistical data provided by MATLAB in each simulation
Slow change in S
48.44 W
No change in S
48.1 W
49.22 W
These results were found by simulating the panel at the average insolation for each form of change in irradiation, and finding the maximum point on the power curve.
Analysis
Efficiency of MPPT algorithm for various parameters
d .02 .005 Fast change P 98.9 % 99.3 % Slow change P 99 % 99.4 % No change P 98.1% 99.9%
I observed that the smaller d takes much longer to get to the MPP from a step change in irradiance
The step change is a very rare occurrence, so this may not be an issue
Design the system for the smallest d possible for the best efficiency
Future Work
Design a controller that can vary the size of the perturbation with respect to how far from the MPP it is
Leave d at a small value and adjust the sampling time to see if that has any effect. Simulate the MPPT controller for other converter types, possibly in line with a battery charge controller