Reported by: Estrella, Robert Santiago, Reynalyn Yelo, Yuki

JAPAN
Japanese Flag Red Circle- Represents the Sun - Land of the Rising Sun - Brightness, Sincerity and Warmth. White- represents honesty and purity

LOCATION
lies between latitudes 24

and 46N, and longitudes 122 and 146E Located in the Pacific Ring of Fire Japan's closest neighbors are Korea, Russia and China. The Sea of Japan separates the Asian continent from the Japanese archipelago. Total area: 377,944 km2. Japan has a total of 6,852 islands

LOCATION
Japan consists of several thousands of islands

Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu and Shikoku are the four

largest islands

LOCATION

CLIMATE
Two major type:

a.) A marine or oceanic climate b.) A tropical climate

Two periods of heavy rains occur Between these two periods the country is hot,

humid and rainless with typhoons

CLIMATE
Hokkaido - long, cold winters and cool summers.

Precipitation is not great.

 Sea of Japan - heavy snowfalls,. In summer it is a

little less rainy than the Pacific area but sometimes experiences extreme high temperatures.

 Ryukyu Islands - subtropical climate with warm

winters and hot summers. Precipitation is very high, and is especially affected by the rainy season and typhoons.

POPULATION
As of March 2009, Japan's population is 127,076,18 (

10th most populated country)

NATURAL HAZARDS
Storms
Frequent tremors and earthquakes

9 CULTURAL UNIVERSALS PLACE AND TIME

-latitudes 24 and 46N, and longitudes 122 and 146E -GMT + 9:0

FAMILY/LIFE
Kozoku
Idea of Geneology Male Headship

ECONOMICS
Exports
Imports Japan Industries: Evolution Iron & Steel Development Oil Based industries Country rely on nuclear power Egalitarian Society Boom Industries

Japans agriculture, economic growth, economic system and its recession Agriculture
Japans Natural Resources

Import of raw materials and energy supplies

Imports Forests

Arable lands
Weather

ECONOMY
Double Cropping
Farming Goods Farm mechanization

Fishing
Yen

FOOD, COTHING, SHELTER, AND TRANSPORTATON

Rice
-Fish -Kimono

-Optimizing available space as a place for home

-Train, Bus, Cabs, Bikes

FOOD, COTHING, SHELTER, AND TRANSPORTATON

COMMUNICATION
Japanese English Frowning while someone is

speaking is interpreted as a sign of disagreement. Respectful It is considered disrespectful to stare into another person's eyes, particularly those of a person who is senior to you because of age or status. Take turns Prefers to listen

GOVERNMENT
Constitutional Monarchy Emperor as Symbol of the state Japan Immigration Laws
Citizenship is determined by blood relationship. Certain persons can become naturalized citizens. Travelling to Japan for pleasure or business from the United States For students, Japan grants permission to remain for a period of six

requires a passport but does not require a visa for visits of 90 days or less.

months to two years, depending on the educational level. Foreigners who wish to remain in Japan indefinitely can apply for permanent resident status.
Japan grants work visas for up to three years.

ARTS AND RECREATION

Karate Mountain Climbing Bonsai Sumo

EDUCATION
Reformed by Americans
School year starts in April and consists of three terms,

separated by short holidays in spring and winter, and a one month long summer break.

EDUCATION
Education is compulsory at the elementary and lower

secondary levels Most students attend public schools through the lower secondary level, but private education is popular at the upper secondary and university levels. Six years of elementary school, three years of junior high school, three years of high school, two or four years of university.

EDUCATION
Known Universities: 1University of Tokyo 2Kyoto University 3Osaka University 4Tokyo Institute of Technology 5Tohoku University 6Keio University 7Kyushu University 8Nagoya University 9Hokkaido University 10Tsukuba University

QUEST FOR SUPERNATURAL

Shintoism
Buddhism most "life" events are handled by Shinto and "death" or

"afterlife" events are handled by Buddhism

Difference of Shinto and Buddhism

Shinto lays importance to religious actions and rites rather

than words and preaching The foundation of Buddhism is the words and preaching of Buddha. Buddhism focuses on an altruistic life that leads to salvation Shinto worships the forces of nature, polytheism and animism Buddhism is all about following an ethical code of conduct in ones life and practice meditation and renunciation Read more:

Matsuri
Festivals are usually sponsored by a local shrine or

temple, though they can be secular. Ex: Tr nagash

JAPANS HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

Japans

dominant ethnic group are the Japanese. the oldest surviving Japanese written records date from the 8th century C.E. Jimmu first emperor of Japan tradition of kinship In 12th century, the shoguns controlled the county mean while the samurais ruled the provinces.

JAPANS HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

in early mid-16th century adventurous Europeans reached

Japan. beginning with the Portuguese in 1540s. merchants and roman catholic missionaries.

JAPANS HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

Ieyasu tokugawa ruled from the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600. He proclaimed himself as Nihon Koku Taikun. Japan settled into two centuries.

JAPANS HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

Gunboat diplomacy Matthew Perry

JAPANS HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

meiji restoration.
Meiji Ishin, Revolution,

Reform or Renewal
was initiated in 1866 The meiji restoration modernized Japan's economy.

JAPANS POST WAR MIRACLE

The US military occupation of Japan from 1945 to 1952. The divine status of the emperor was officially abolished. a new US written constitution made Japan a constitutional monarchy.

JAPANS POST WAR MIRACLE

Japans special relationship with the united states

boosted the economy long after the American occupation ended. Japans postwar economic recovery accelerated.

JAPANS POST WAR MIRACLE

The distinguishing characteristics of the Japanese economy during the "economic miracle" years . keiretsu Shunt Shshin koy

KEIRETSU

SHUNTO

SHUSHIN KOYO

HEALTH PRACTICES/PROVISION IN JAPAN

Hari (acupuncture)

SHIATSU

kyu (moxibustion)

Japans Health Belief and Practices

Self care is not an important concept.

Japanese believe that good health is related to taking care of oneself and is associated with being able to maintain independence and live disease-free.
Their health care practices tend to be Magico-Religious, which is a combination of following different religious and magical practices. They may consult with priests to seek luck and avoid evil before important decisions or activities. Western beliefs in health promotion are becoming more accepted. Health procedures should be thoroughly explained. May have difficulty providing information related to a screening if issues are sensitive, but will disclose information out of respect for health care professionals.

Japans Health Services

Annual health checks (kenshin)

are provided free to just about everyone in Japan, including foreigners. No 'family doctor' system National Health Insurance Employees' Health Insurance National Health Program for the Elderly Employees' Pension Insurance

Japans Healthcare System

Japanese Lifestyle

Japanese Diet
Japanese food is credited

with giving the Japanese people a higher life expectancy than any other group of people in the world.

 Fish is the primary source of protein in Japanese food.

Protein-rich soy is a staple in the Japanese diet.

Fruits that are rich in antioxidants Buckwheat soba noodles, a national favorite, are high in fiber and protein. Japanese diet back up some is tea.

Japanese Food

Rice Noodles - Udon and soba Noodles - Ramen Seafood & Meat Soy products

 Sake
Shochu Japanese Whisky

Japanese Wine

Traditional Culture & Ceremony

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Cherry Blossoms

Kimono

Geisha

Gardening in japan

sado

Japanese plum or ume

Festivals (Matsuri)

Autumn leaves (koyo)

Sumo

 The Japanese sword

(nihonto)

Hanetsuki is a

traditional Japanese New Year's game

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Japanese Culture Japanese consumers are notoriously fickle and demanding. They often chose quality over price. A lot of Japanese sleep on the subways and trains. At home they often sleep on futons A traditional meal is served with rice, vegetables miso soup and fruit. Japan is one of the world's most efficient recycling nations Vending machines are everywhere in Japan.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Dinning Etiquette

Meeting
Business Dress Etiquette

KOREA

KOREA

Colony of Japan Served as a bridge between Japan and Asia mainland Korea a unified state Demilitarized Zone Korea divided into North Korea communist and South Korea democratic Americas Forgotten war Capital South Korea: Seoul North Korea: Pyongyang

FLAG
very philosophical, Eum-Yang

flag of 'Great Extremes

very philosophical, Eum-Yang flag of 'Great Extremes' white background of the flag means peace red and blue circle in the center is called 'Taeguk', the origin of all things in the universe, perfect harmony and balance> The blue part of is called 'Eum' and represents all negative aspects of the balance. The red part is called 'Yang' and describes all positive apects. Kun Heaven Yi Fire Kam Water Kon Earth

LOCATION

an East Asian geographic region Korea lies adjacent to China and Japan. divided into 2 sovereign states 219,140 km2 North Korea's latitude and longitude is 40 00' N and 127 00' E South Korea's latitude and longitude is 37 00' N and 127 30' E The southern and western parts of the peninsula have well-developed plains, while the eastern and northern parts are mountainous

Korean Boundary

LOCATON
Korean Peninsula Largely mountainous, Mt. Baekdu Rivers are short, unnavigable Yalu Tumen Islands are rocky, uninhabited Surrounded by bodies of water such as

Yellow Sea, Korea Strait, Cheju Strait, Korea Bay, sea of Japan.

South Korea Demography

North Korea Demography

CLIMATE
Spring Summer Autumn Winter

9 CULTURAL UNIVERSALS
FAMILY/LIFE
North Korea: -family size tends to be small -No more than two generations in the house South Korea: -Filial piety -Traditionally, the purpose of marriage was to produce a male heir to carry on the family line -Father and Son relationship

ECONOMICS
South Korea: 2.7% GDP on military
North Korea: 23% GDP on its military Hyundai

IMF( International Monetary Fund)

Chaebols

FOOD, CLOTHING,SHELTER, AND, TRANSPORTAION

Rice is the staple food
Corn Double crop irrigated fields (South Korea)

Kimchi
Hanok Airport, Subway, Trains

North Korea Famine

Ardous March worse than war Diminished grain production in late 1980s sought to make country food self sufficient 5 policy strategies Politic Food Aids Current State of North Koreas Food System

Communication
This is a culture where "less is more" when

communicating. North Korea is banned from communicating from the outside world

EDUCATION
South Korea centralized administration oversees the process for the education of children from kindergarten to the third and final year of high school. Mathematics, science, Korean social studies, and English The school year is divided into two semesters. The first begins in the beginning of March and ends in midJuly; the second begins in late August and ends in midFebruary. North Korea education in North Korea is free, compulsory, and universal for 11 years, from ages four to 15, in state-run schools.

GOVERNMENT
South Korea Presidential republic President (Head of State) Prime Minister( Appointed by President) North Korea Communism the highest decisions are made by the National Defense Commission of North Korea which was led by its Chairman

GOVERNMENT
Korean Immigration Laws
South Korea offers several kinds of employment visas

Foreign residents of South Korea who want to become

naturalized citizens can apply to do so after a certain amount of time in the country.

The South Korean immigration service has special rules

regarding the spouses of people in the country for work and the foreign spouses of Korean nationals.

QUICK VIEW OF KOREAS POLITICAL HISTORY

Korea has had a turbulent recent

political history. first as a colony of Japan then as a land divided between the north and south. The division of Korea after WWll and the subsequent war shaped the early politics of the Republic of Korea. Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea (North Korea) led by Kim Il Sung.

PROSPECTS FOR REUNIFICATION AND RECONCILIATION OF KOREA

Reunification is not favored

by the south.
China

and Japan would apparently be happier to have a weaker divided Korea.

North Korea is not really interested in reunification.

PROSPECTS FOR RECONCILATON AND RENIFICATION

south Korea is fearful of the enormous economic cost. Estimates the cost of Korean unification is $25 billion o

3.5 trillion.
usually concentrate on financial cost only. For now, there is little thought of Korean unification.

ARTS AND RECREATION

Taekwondo
Music Television

Dancing
Mountain

Climbing Soccer Going to coffee shops

QUEST FOR SUPERNATURAL

Shamanism Buddhism Christianity Mugyo

CONTRAST DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE TWO KOREAS

South Korea: Fluctuated between attempts at democracy and repressive military dictatorship Heavily dependent on relationships with the United States and Japan. Has its own goods like food 2.7% GDP on military Chaebols One of the worlds highest Ph.D.s per capita Democratic and Free Trade Has abundant and cheap human resource

CONTRAST DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE TWO KOREAS

North Korea Communist state -Juche -Political Independence, Economic self-sustenance, National defense -Limit contact with the outside world -23% GDP on its military -has to import goods like food -abundant corn, iron ore, and forests -Principal exports are Military products, heroin, amphetamines, semi-synthetic drugs, and counterfeit money.

Koreas Health Belief and Practices

Many Koreans were raised to view

illness as result of bad luck or misfortune, so being healthy is seen as having harmony or balance between soul and physical being. Korean men may be stoic about pain, but it is also not unusual for them to be dramatic about illness. Pain medication is not frequently used. A bedpan may be preferred to toilet. Doctors are well-respected in the Korean community

Koreans Healthcare System

Koreans Lifestyle

Korean Food / Diet

Food is delectable, hearty,

and distinct. Preparation often involves the process of fermentation. Korean diet uses much grains and vegetables which add fiber and protein from both vegetables and meats. Korean food has moderate calories and low fat and sweet taste- very healthy and well-balanced.

 Korean cuisine is largely based upon rice, vegetables,

and meats. Kimchi is served often, sometimes at every meal. The most distinguishing feature of the Korean food is the spiciness. Koreans also like meat dishes. Soup culture was developed because of the famine or cold weather.

Traditional Culture & Ceremony

Koreas Health Services

Health Security System
National Health Insurance Program Medical Aid Program Long-term Care Insurance Program

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

IN KOREA

Herbalism practice of using plant material. flowers, plants, shrubs, trees, moss, lichen, fern, algae, seaweed or fungus.

Acupuncture needles withdrawing blood and stimulating Moxibustion stick or a cone of burning mugwort

Aromatherapy plant oils Flowers Herbs

Meditation relaxing calming the mind and body.

KOREAN CULTURE
Korean Buddhism - Buddhism has a long history,

originating in India over 2,600 years ago Kimchi Koreas food Traditional Korean clothing, Hanbok The Lunar New Year holiday, also known elsewhere as Chinese New year, is second in importance only to Chuseok (the Harvest Moon Festival).

KOREAN CULTURE
Sokuram is the finest example of Buddhist culture. Taekwondo, Korea's traditional martial art Korean Ginseng has been well known as a remedy for

all illnesses of all sorts. Talchum is a popular Korean play Jerae-ak is a form of music played during a sacrificial rite to the kings Four Seaons of Soraksan Jerae-ak is a form of music played during a sacrificial rite to the kings

SOURCES AND REFERENCES

http://www.japan-guide.com/list/e1000.htm http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/resources/global-etiquette/japan-country-profiles.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan#Geograph http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_family http://www.japan-guide.com/e/e644.html http://www.japan-guide.com/e/e2136.html http://www.patheos.com/Library/Japanese-Religion.html http://www.japan-guide.com/e/e2150.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korea#Geography http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/economies/Asia-and-the-Pacific/Korea-South.html http://www.country-studies.com/north-korea/family-life.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_of_North_Korea http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_Korea http://www.japan-guide.com http://www.shenventure.com/2011/05/24/traditional-korean-lifestyle/ http://thejapanfaq.com/ http://aids.hallym.ac.kr/korea/image.html http://www.japan-zone.com/culture/ http://factsanddetails.com/japan