HYDRAULIC PUMPS

Hydraulic Pumps Hydraulic Pump Types

Pump
Now we need a pump to create flow

Pump

Tank

Pump
Hydraulic Pump is the most important

component in the hydraulic system.

Function of the Hydraulic Pump is to convert

Mechanical Energy to Hydraulic Energy

Hydraulic Pump are classified in two catagories:

- Hydro-dynamic

- Hydro-static

Pump
Two types of hydraulic pumps are most

commonly used:

- Rotary Pumps
- Reciprocating Pumps

Rotary Pumps
Common Pumps in Rotary type are:

- Gear Pumps

- Vane Pumps

Reciprocating Pumps
Common Pumps in Reciprocating type

are: - Axial Piston Pump - Radial Piston Pump

 Hydraulic pumps are used in all hydraulic

systems and are classified by the type of pumping mechanisms used. The main categories of pumps are positivedisplacement and dynamic pumps. Although categorized as a type of hydraulic pump, dynamic pumps are rarely used for hydraulic applications because they cannot create flow against the pressures found in hydraulic systems.

 The two main types of hydraulic pumps are positive-

displacement pumps and dynamic pumps.

 The two main types of prime movers used in fluid

power systems are electric motors or internal combustion engines.

 Gallons per minute is the number of gallons a

pump can force into the system every minute and thus the amount of fluid flow that pump can produce.

 Volumetric efficiency is the relationship between

actual and theoretical fluid flow of the pump.

 A typical application for a positive-displacement

pump includes the fluid power systems on a hydraulic production press.

 Fixed-displacement

pumps are available in various sizes with different displacement ratings. Typical applications for fixed-displacement pumps include hydraulic systems that do not require variation in system pressure, such as mobile hydraulic equipment.

 Typical applications for variable-displacement pumps

include systems that operate with varied system fluid flow, such as industrial robots.

 All positive-displacement

pumps follow the same basic operational steps to create fluid flow.

 A gear pump consists

of various types of meshing gears.

 An external gear pump consists of meshing gears

that form a seal with the pump housing and operates similar to the four basic steps of a positivedisplacement pump.

 A lobe pump has two external-driven gears and

operates similar to an external gear pump.

 An internal gear pump

consists of a small external drive gear mounted inside a large internal gear.

 Gerotor pump operation is

similar to internal gear pump operation, with the inner rotor having one less gear tooth than the outer rotor.

 Gear pump manufacturers typically provide

assembly diagrams for each specific pump.

 A vane pump contains

vanes in an offset rotor and rotates the rotor to produce the flow of hydraulic fluid.

 Unbalanced vane

pumps operate similar to the four basic steps of a positivedisplacement pump.

 A variable-displacement,

pressure-compensated vane pump is a pump that automatically adjusts the amount of volume it displaces per rotation by centering the rotor when the pressure in the system starts to build.

 A balanced vane pump has two inlets and outlets at

opposite sides of the pump and contains an elliptical cam ring.

 A cartridge assembly is located in a vane pump and

houses the vanes, rotor, and cam ring, which are all placed between two plates.

 Vane pump manufacturers typically provide assembly

diagrams for each specific pump.

 Axial piston pumps consist of a number of pistons, a

piston block, piston shoes, a swash plate, and a shaft and operate with four basic steps.

 A variable-displacement

piston pump has a swash plate at an angle that can be varied, thereby varying the amount of fluid flow (gpm).

 Bent-axis piston pumps operate in the same manner

as an axial piston pump, but rather than the swash plate being at an angle, the pistons and piston block are at an angle.

 Radial piston pumps

consist of reciprocating pistons in cylinders and can be classified as cam or rotating piston pumps.

 Cavitation occurs as gas bubbles expand in a

vacuum and implode when entering a pressurized area.

 Hydraulic pumps are available in both double and

triple pump designs

 Hydraulic pump schematic symbols are used to

determine general information about the type of pump used in a system.