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MAJOR CEREALS
Cereals are cultivated grasses(poaceae) with starchy grains. They are staple food to may areas. Some of them are rice Oryza sativa Wheat Triticum aestievm Maize Zeya mays
Cropping systems
Cropping system is a critical aspect in developing an effective ecological farming system to manage and organize crops so that they best utilize the available resources.(soil, air, sunlight, water, labour, equipments) It represents cropping patterns used on a farm and their interaction with farm resources and farm enterprises and available technology which determine their makeup. It is executed in the field level.
Intercropping rice with other crops It is a common practice under upland conditions in north and north-eastern part of the country To grow rice intercropped with black gram, green gram, sesame, maize, finger millet or other miner millets. The ratio of rice and inter crop is preferred to be 3-4:1.
Relay/paira/utera cropping
The seed of succeeding crops like lentil, gram, pea, lathyrus, berseem, linseed etc. is sown broadcast in maturing rice crop. This practice saves time; money (to be spent on land preparation etc.) utilizes residual fertility. This practice is common in both upland and lowland rice culture.
Table 1. Maize based sequential cropping systems in different ago-climatic zones of India
Agro-climatic region Western Himalayan Region Eastern Himalayan Region Lower Gangetic Plain region Middle Gangetic Plain region Upper Gangetic Plain region Trans Gangetic Plain region Eastern plateau & hills region Southern plateau & hills region East coast plain and hills region West coast plain and hills region Gujrat plains and hills region Western dry region Island region Irrigated maize-potato-wheat Maize-maize Jute-rice-maize Maize-wheat Maize-wheat-mungbean Maize-wheat-mungbean Maize-wheat-vegetables Maize-rice Maize-rice Rice-maize Rice-maize Maize-chickpea Maize-rice Rainfed Maize-mustard sesame-rice+maize rice-maize Maize-wheat Maize-wheat Maize-wheat Rice-potato-maize Sorghum-maize Rice-maize Rice-maize Maize+legumes Rice-maize + cowpea
REFERENCE
www.agropedia.com www.wikipedia.com www.reap-canada.com www.expert.iasri.res.in